en>Raffamaiden: /* See also */

2013-03-25T13:28:04Z

See also

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	~~Hello. Let me introduce~~ the ~~writer~~. ~~Her name is Refugia Shryock~~. ~~For years he~~'~~s been working~~ as a ~~meter reader and it's some thing he really enjoy~~. ~~South Dakota~~ is where me and ~~my spouse reside~~ and ~~my family enjoys~~ it. ~~What I love performing~~ is ~~to gather badges but I~~'~~ve been taking on new issues lately~~.<br><br>~~my site~~ :~~: home std test kit~~ ([http://www.~~dhspoteh~~.co.kr/xe/~~index~~.~~php?document_srl~~=~~331302&mid~~=~~Sports click~~ the ~~next page~~])		[[File:The Distributed Water Balance of the Nile Basin.ogg\|thumb\|350px\|Nile basin water balance.]]

			In [[hydrology]], a '''water balance''' equation can be used to describe the flow of water in and out of a system. A system can be one of several hydrological domains, such as a column of soil or a drainage basin.<sup>{{citation needed\|date=December 2012}}</sup> Water balance can also refer to the ways in which an organism maintains water in dry or hot conditions. It is often discussed in reference to plants or arthropods, which have a variety of water retention mechanisms, including a lipid waxy coating that has limited permeability.

			==Equation==
			A general water balance equation is:
			:<math>P = Q + E + \Delta S</math>

			where
			:<math>P</math> is [[Precipitation (meteorology)\|precipitation]]
			:<math>Q</math> is [[Surface runoff\|runoff]]
			:<math>E</math> is [[evapotranspiration]]
			:<math>\Delta S</math> is the change in storage (in soil or the bedrock)

			This equation uses the principles of conservation of mass in a closed system, whereby any water entering a system (via precipitation), must be transferred into either evaporation, surface runoff (eventually reaching the channel and leaving in the form of river discharge), or stored in the ground. This equation requires the system to be closed, and where it isn't (for example when surface runoff contributes to a different basin), this must be taken into account.

			Extensive water balances are discussed in [[hydrology (agriculture)\|agricultural hydrology]]. <br />
			A water balance can be used to help manage water supply and predict where there may be water shortages. It is also used in [[irrigation]], [[runoff model\|runoff assessment]] (e.g. through the ''RainOff'' model <ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.waterlog.info/rainoff.htm \| title= Rainoff, surface runoff model \| accessdate=2010-07-28 }}</ref>), [[flood control]] and [[pollution control]]. Further it is used in the design of subsurface [[Drainage system (agriculture)\|drainage systems]] which may be ''horizontal'' (i.e. using pipes, [[tile drainage\|tile drains]] or ditches) or ''vertical'' ([[drainage by wells]]).<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.waterlog.info \|title=Free articles and software on drainage of waterlogged land under irrigation \| accessdate=2010-07-28 }}</ref> To estimate the drainage requirement, the use of an [[hydrogeology\|hydrogeological]] water balance and a [[groundwater model]] (e.g. [[SahysMod]] <ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.waterlog.info/sahysmod.htm \| title= Sahysmod groundwater model \| accessdate=2010-07-28 }}</ref>) may be instrumental.

			The water balance can be illustrated using a water balance graph which plots levels of [[Precipitation (meteorology)\|precipitation]] and [[evapotranspiration]] often on a monthly scale.

			Several monthly water balance models had been developed for several conditions and purposes. Monthly water balance models had been studied since the 1940s.<ref>{{cite journal \|title=A Review on Monthly Water Balance Models for Water Resources Investigations \|journal=Water Resources Management \|year=1998 \|first=C.-Y. \|last=Xu \|coauthors=V.P. Singh \|volume=12 \|issue=1 \|pages=31–50 \|doi=10.1023/A:1007916816469 }}</ref>

			==Models==
			{{Expand section\|date=November 2008}}
			Several [[diagnostic measures in hydrology]] can be used to select and evaluate the performance of water balance models.

			==Applications==
			* Evaluate the components of the [[hydrologic cycle]]
			* [[Snowmelt]] [[simulation]]
			* [[Climate change]] impact assessment
			* [[Fluid dynamics\|Flow]] forecasting and project design
			* [[Hydrology (agriculture)\|Assess agricultural water management]]

			==Types==
			* Models using [[Precipitation (meteorology)\|precipitation]] (rainfall) as input
			* Models using [[rainfall]] and [[temperature]] as input
			* Models using rainfall and [[potential evaporation]] as input
			* Models using daily input data

			==See also==
			*[[Hydrology (agriculture)]]
			*[[Catchment hydrology]]
			*[[Runoff model (reservoir)]]

			==References==
			{{reflist}}

			==External links==
			* Article on water and salt balances: [http://www.waterlog.info/pdf/balances.pdf]

			{{Animalosmo}}

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Water Balance}}
			[[Category:Aquatic ecology]]
			[[Category:Hydrology]]

			{{Ecology-stub}}
			{{Hydrology-stub}}

en>Sadads: removing orphan tags, removed orphan tag using AWB

2010-11-29T19:26:25Z

removing orphan tags, removed orphan tag using AWB

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Hello. Let me introduce the writer. Her name is Refugia Shryock. For years he's been working as a meter reader and it's some thing he really enjoy. South Dakota is where me and my spouse reside and my family enjoys it. What I love performing is to gather badges but I've been taking on new issues lately.<br><br>my site :: home std test kit ([http://www.dhspoteh.co.kr/xe/index.php?document_srl=331302&mid=Sports click the next page])

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en>Raffamaiden: /* See also */

en>Sadads: removing orphan tags, removed orphan tag using AWB