Decomposition method (constraint satisfaction) - Revision history

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2014-05-14T00:45:30Z

References: Task 5: Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors

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	~~{{Accounting}}~~		The author is known as Wilber Pegues. Distributing manufacturing is how he tends to make a residing. To climb is something I really enjoy doing. For a whilst I've been in Alaska but I will have to move in a year or two.<br><br>My web blog - certified psychics ([http://165.132.39.93/xe/visitors/372912 Read the Full Content])
	~~In [[accountancy\|accounting]], the '''Inventory turnover''' is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year.~~ The ~~[[equation]] for inventory turnover equals the [[Cost of goods sold]] divided by the average [[inventory]]. Inventory turnover~~ is ~~also~~ known as ~~'''inventory turns''', '''stockturn''', '''stock turns''', '''turns''', and '''stock turnover'''~~.

	~~==Inventory Turnover Equation==~~
	~~The formula for inventory turnover:~~

	~~<math>\mbox{Inventory Turnover}=\frac{\mbox{Cost of Goods Sold}}{\mbox{Average Inventory}} </math>~~

	or

	::

	~~:: <math>\mbox{Inventory Turnover}=\frac{\mbox{Cost of Material − Change in inventories (of 1/2 and 1/1 goods)}}{\mbox{Inventories}} </math>~~

	~~The formula for average inventory:~~

	~~:: <math>\mbox{Average Inventory}=\frac{\mbox{Beginning inventory+Ending inventory}}{\mbox{2}} </math>~~

	~~The average days to sell the inventory~~ is calculated as follows:<ref>Weygandt, J. J., Kieso, D. E., & Kell, W. G. (1996). ''Accounting Principles'' (4th ed.). New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 802.</ref>

	~~:: <math>\mbox{Average days~~ to ~~sell the inventory}=\frac{\mbox{365 days}}{\mbox{Inventory Turnover Ratio}}</math>~~

	~~== Application in Business ==~~
	~~A low turnover rate may point to overstocking,<ref>Commercial Loan Analysis: principles and techniques for credit analysts and lenders By Kenneth R. Pirok~~
	~~ISBN 1-55738-716-8</ref> obsolescence, or deficiencies in the product line or marketing effort. However, in some instances~~ a ~~low rate may be appropriate, such as where higher inventory levels occur in anticipation of rapidly rising prices or expected market shortages~~.

	~~Conversely a high turnover rate may indicate inadequate inventory levels, which may lead to a loss in business as the inventory~~ is ~~too low~~. ~~This often can result~~ in ~~stock shortages.~~

	~~Some compilers of industry data (e.g., [[Dun & Bradstreet]]) use sales as the numerator instead of cost of sales. [[Cost of sales]] yields a more realistic turnover ratio,~~ but it is often necessary to use sales for purposes of comparative analysis. Cost of sales is considered to be more realistic because of the difference in which sales and the cost of sales are recorded. Sales are generally recorded at market value, i.e. the value at which the marketplace paid for the good or service provided by the firm. In the event that the firm had an exceptional year and the market paid a premium for the firm's goods and services then the numerator may be an inaccurate measure. However, cost of sales is recorded by the firm at what the firm actually paid for the materials available for sale. Additionally, firms may reduce prices to ~~generate sales~~ in ~~an effort to cycle inventory. In this article, the terms "cost of sales" and "cost of goods sold" are synonymous.~~

	~~An item whose inventory is sold (turns over) once~~ a year has higher holding cost than one that turns over twice, or three times, or more in that time. Stock turnover also indicates the briskness of the business. The purpose of increasing inventory turns is to reduce inventory for three reasons.
	* Increasing inventory turns reduces [[holding cost]]. The organization spends less money on rent, utilities, insurance, theft and other costs of maintaining a stock of good to be sold.
	* Reducing [[holding cost]] increases [[net income]] and [[Profit (accounting)\|profitability]] as long as the [[revenue]] from selling the item remains constant.
	* Items that turn over more quickly increase responsiveness to changes in customer requirements while allowing the replacement of obsolete items. This is a major concern in fashion industries.
	* When making comparison between firms, it's important to take note of the industry, or the comparison will be distorted. Making comparison between a supermarket and a car dealer, will not be appropriate, as supermarket sells fast moving goods such as sweets, chocolates, soft drinks so the stock turnover will be higher. However, a car dealer will have a low turnover due to the item being a slow moving item. As such only intra-industry comparison will be appropriate.

	~~==Note==~~
	~~Some computer programs measure the stock turns of an item using the actual number sold~~.

	<~~math~~>~~\mbox{Inventory Turn} = \frac{\text{Number of Units Sold (Over a given period)}}{\text{Average Number of Units (For the period)}}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~The important issue is that any organization should be consistent in the formula that it uses.~~

	~~==See also==~~
	* [[Cost accounting]]
	* [[Inventory]]
	* [[Inventory management software]]
	* [[Throughput accounting]]

	~~==References==~~
	~~<references />~~

	~~==Further reading==~~
	* ''Business Mathematics'', 10th Edition, Chapter 7, § 4, ISBN 0-~~321-27782-1~~
	* '''[http://~~www~~.~~kowboyz~~.nl/~~blog~~/~~mc44-inventory-turnover~~/ ~~Inventory Turnover Business Scenarios]'''~~

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Inventory Turnover}}~~
	~~[[Category:Management accounting]]~~
	~~[[Category:Financial ratios]~~]

137.250.170.110: Fixed disambiguation issue (primal graph)

2013-12-18T13:12:05Z

Fixed disambiguation issue (primal graph)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:12, 18 December 2013
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	The ~~author is recognized~~ by the ~~name~~ of ~~Numbers Wunder~~. ~~My family members life~~ in ~~Minnesota~~ and ~~my family loves~~ it. ~~I utilized~~ to be ~~unemployed but now I am~~ a ~~librarian~~ and the ~~wage~~ has ~~been really fulfilling~~. ~~What I adore performing~~ is to ~~gather badges but I~~'~~ve been taking on new things recently~~.<br><br>~~Here~~ is ~~my web site~~ [http://www.~~breda~~.nl/~~users~~/~~noeliadfebdftijfsdnt www.breda.nl~~]		{{Accounting}}
			In [[accountancy\|accounting]], the '''Inventory turnover''' is a measure of the number of times inventory is sold or used in a time period such as a year. The [[equation]] for inventory turnover equals the [[Cost of goods sold]] divided by the average [[inventory]]. Inventory turnover is also known as '''inventory turns''', '''stockturn''', '''stock turns''', '''turns''', and '''stock turnover'''.

			==Inventory Turnover Equation==
			The formula for inventory turnover:

			<math>\mbox{Inventory Turnover}=\frac{\mbox{Cost of Goods Sold}}{\mbox{Average Inventory}} </math>

			or

			::

			:: <math>\mbox{Inventory Turnover}=\frac{\mbox{Cost of Material − Change in inventories (of 1/2 and 1/1 goods)}}{\mbox{Inventories}} </math>

			The formula for average inventory:

			:: <math>\mbox{Average Inventory}=\frac{\mbox{Beginning inventory+Ending inventory}}{\mbox{2}} </math>

			The average days to sell the inventory is calculated as follows:<ref>Weygandt, J. J., Kieso, D. E., & Kell, W. G. (1996). ''Accounting Principles'' (4th ed.). New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 802.</ref>

			:: <math>\mbox{Average days to sell the inventory}=\frac{\mbox{365 days}}{\mbox{Inventory Turnover Ratio}}</math>

			== Application in Business ==
			A low turnover rate may point to overstocking,<ref>Commercial Loan Analysis: principles and techniques for credit analysts and lenders By Kenneth R. Pirok
			ISBN 1-55738-716-8</ref> obsolescence, or deficiencies in the product line or marketing effort. However, in some instances a low rate may be appropriate, such as where higher inventory levels occur in anticipation of rapidly rising prices or expected market shortages.

			Conversely a high turnover rate may indicate inadequate inventory levels, which may lead to a loss in business as the inventory is too low. This often can result in stock shortages.

			Some compilers of industry data (e.g., [[Dun & Bradstreet]]) use sales as the numerator instead of cost of sales. [[Cost of sales]] yields a more realistic turnover ratio, but it is often necessary to use sales for purposes of comparative analysis. Cost of sales is considered to be more realistic because of the difference in which sales and the cost of sales are recorded. Sales are generally recorded at market value, i.e. the value at which the marketplace paid for the good or service provided by the firm. In the event that the firm had an exceptional year and the market paid a premium for the firm's goods and services then the numerator may be an inaccurate measure. However, cost of sales is recorded by the firm at what the firm actually paid for the materials available for sale. Additionally, firms may reduce prices to generate sales in an effort to cycle inventory. In this article, the terms "cost of sales" and "cost of goods sold" are synonymous.

			An item whose inventory is sold (turns over) once a year has higher holding cost than one that turns over twice, or three times, or more in that time. Stock turnover also indicates the briskness of the business. The purpose of increasing inventory turns is to reduce inventory for three reasons.
			* Increasing inventory turns reduces [[holding cost]]. The organization spends less money on rent, utilities, insurance, theft and other costs of maintaining a stock of good to be sold.
			* Reducing [[holding cost]] increases [[net income]] and [[Profit (accounting)\|profitability]] as long as the [[revenue]] from selling the item remains constant.
			* Items that turn over more quickly increase responsiveness to changes in customer requirements while allowing the replacement of obsolete items. This is a major concern in fashion industries.
			* When making comparison between firms, it's important to take note of the industry, or the comparison will be distorted. Making comparison between a supermarket and a car dealer, will not be appropriate, as supermarket sells fast moving goods such as sweets, chocolates, soft drinks so the stock turnover will be higher. However, a car dealer will have a low turnover due to the item being a slow moving item. As such only intra-industry comparison will be appropriate.

			==Note==
			Some computer programs measure the stock turns of an item using the actual number sold.

			<math>\mbox{Inventory Turn} = \frac{\text{Number of Units Sold (Over a given period)}}{\text{Average Number of Units (For the period)}}</math>

			The important issue is that any organization should be consistent in the formula that it uses.

			==See also==
			* [[Cost accounting]]
			* [[Inventory]]
			* [[Inventory management software]]
			* [[Throughput accounting]]

			==References==
			<references />

			==Further reading==
			* ''Business Mathematics'', 10th Edition, Chapter 7, § 4, ISBN 0-321-27782-1
			* '''[http://www.kowboyz.nl/blog/mc44-inventory-turnover/ Inventory Turnover Business Scenarios]'''

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Inventory Turnover}}
			[[Category:Management accounting]]
			[[Category:Financial ratios]]

84.114.18.215: /* Decomposition methods */ The example instance did not match the decomposition. Two variables were swapped.

2012-06-26T20:59:05Z

Decomposition methods: The example instance did not match the decomposition. Two variables were swapped.

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The author is recognized by the name of Numbers Wunder. My family members life in Minnesota and my family loves it. I utilized to be unemployed but now I am a librarian and the wage has been really fulfilling. What I adore performing is to gather badges but I've been taking on new things recently.<br><br>Here is my web site [http://www.breda.nl/users/noeliadfebdftijfsdnt www.breda.nl]