76.89.147.95: /* References */

2013-09-08T20:56:06Z

References

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In [[fluid dynamics]], the '''Iribarren number''' or '''Iribarren parameter''' – also known as the '''surf similarity parameter''' and '''breaker parameter''' – is a [[dimensionless parameter]] used to model several effects of (breaking) [[surface gravity wave]]s on [[beach]]es and [[coast]]al structures. The parameter is named after the Spanish engineer Ramón Iribarren Cavanillas (1900–1967),<ref>{{Citation |author=[[Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences|Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales (Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences)]] |title=Relación de Académicos desde el Año 1847 hasta el 2003 |language=Spanish |year=2003 |url=http://www.rac.es/ficheros/doc/00186.pdf |pages=24–25 }}</ref> who introduced it to describe the occurrence of wave breaking on sloping beaches.<ref>{{harvtxt|Iribarren|Norales|1949}}</ref>

For instance, the Iribarren number is used to describe [[breaking wave]] types on beaches; or wave run-up on – and reflection by – beaches, [[breakwater (structure)|breakwater]]s and [[levee|dikes]].<ref name="Battjes">{{harvtxt|Battjes|1974}}</ref><ref name="Holthuijsen">{{harvtxt|Holthuijsen|2007}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Bruun|1984}}</ref>

== Definition ==

The Iribarren number – often denoted as ''Ir'' or ''ξ'' – is defined as:<ref name="Holthuijsen"/>

:<math>\xi = \frac{\tan \alpha}{\sqrt{H/L_0}},</math> {{pad|2em}} with {{pad|2em}} <math>L_0 = \frac{g}{2\pi}\, T^2,</math>

where ''ξ'' is the Iribarren number, ''α'' is the bed slope, ''H'' is the [[wave height]], ''L''0 is the deep-water [[wavelength]], ''T'' is the period and ''g'' is the [[gravity of Earth|gravitational acceleration]]. Depending on the application, different definitions of ''H'' and ''T'' are used, for example: for periodic waves the wave height ''H''0 at deep water or the breaking wave height ''H''b at the edge of the [[surf zone]]. Or, for random waves, the [[significant wave height]] ''H''s at a certain location.

== Breaker types ==

[[File:Breaking wave types.gif|right|thumb|306px|Breaker types.]]
{{Further|breaking wave}}

The type of breaking wave – spilling, plunging, collapsing or surging – depends on the Iribarren number. According to {{harvtxt|Battjes|1974}}, for [[periodic wave]]s propagating on a plane beach, two possible choices for the Iribarren number are:

:<math>\xi_0 = \frac{\tan \alpha}{\sqrt{H_0 / L_0}}</math> {{pad|2em}} or {{pad|2em}} <math>\xi_b = \frac{\tan \alpha}{\sqrt{H_b / L_0}},</math>

where ''H''0 is the offshore wave height in [[wind wave#Science of waves|deep water]], and ''H''b is the value of the wave height at the break point (where the waves start to break). Then the breaker types dependence on the Iribarren number (either ''ξ'' 0 or ''ξ'' b) is approximately:<ref name="Battjes"/>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! breaker type
! ''ξ'' 0–range
! ''ξ'' b–range
|-
! surging or collapsing
| ''ξ''0 > 3.3
| ''ξ''b > 2.0
|-
! plunging
| 0.5 < ''ξ''0 < 3.3
| 0.4 < ''ξ''b < 2.0
|-
! spilling
| ''ξ''0 < 0.5
| ''ξ''b < 0.4
|}

== References ==

=== Footnotes ===
{{reflist}}

=== Other ===

{{refbegin}}
* {{Citation
| doi = 10.9753/icce.v14
| last = Battjes
| first = J.A.
| contribution = Surf similarity
| journal = Proceedings 14th International Conference on Coastal Engineering
| year = 1974
| pages = 466–480
}}
* {{Citation
| title = Design and construction of mounds for breakwaters and coastal protection
| editor-last = Bruun
| editor-first = P.
| publisher = Elsevier
| series = Developments in geotechnical engineering
| volume = 37
| year = 1984
| isbn = 0-444-42391-5
| pages = xi & 39
}}
* {{Citation
| publisher = World Scientific
| isbn = 9814282405
| last = Goda
| first = Yoshimi
| title = Random seas and design of maritime structures
| edition = 3rd
| year = 2010
| page = 213
}}
* {{Citation
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| isbn = 1139462520
| last = Holthuijsen
| first = L.H.
| title = Waves in oceanic and coastal waters
| year = 2007
| page = 242
}}
* {{ Citation
| last1 = Iribarren
| first1 = C.R.
| last2 = Norales
| first2 = C.
| contribution = Protection des ports
| year = 1949
| title = Proceedings XVIIth International Navigation Congress, Section II, Communication
| location = Lisbon
| volume = 4
| pages = 31–80
}}
{{refend}}

{{NonDimFluMech}}

[[Category:Water waves]]
[[Category:Dimensionless numbers of fluid mechanics]]
[[Category:Coastal engineering]]

Fujisaki Model - Revision history

76.89.147.95: /* References */