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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox person<br />
| name = Octave Leopold Boudouard<br />
| image =<br />
| alt =<br />
| caption =<br />
| birth_name =<br />
| birth_date = 1872<!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Birth-date and age|Month DD, YYYY}} --><br />
| birth_place =<br />
| death_date = 1923<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --><br />
| death_place =<br />
| nationality =French<br />
| other_names =<br />
| occupation =Chemist<br />
| known_for =[[Boudouard reaction]]<br />
}}<br />
'''Octave Leopold Boudouard''' (1872–1923) was a French chemist known for his 1905 discovery of the [[Boudouard reaction]].<br />
<br />
==Career==<br />
Octave Leopold Boudouard became a professor at the [[Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers]] in Paris. He worked in various fields of applied chemistry, such as the chemistry of fuels and clays. His most important work was his research into chemical equilibria when reducing iron oxides in a blast furnace.{{sfn|Boudouard, Octave-Léopold: Trecanni}} In 1901 he proposed the first theory of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide, where he considered that metal oxide was reacting with carbon.{{sfn|Kemball|Dowden|1978|p=53}} In 1905 Boudouard identified the Boudouard reaction, where carbon and carbon dioxide combine to form carbon monoxide at high temperatures, while the reverse occurs at lower temperatures.{{sfn|Holleman|Wiber|Wiberg|2001|pp=810-811}} In 1912 he published a paper on the odors of Paris, researching the chemicals polluting the air of that city.{{sfn|Barnes|2006|p=300}}<br />
<br />
==Boudouard reaction==<br />
{{main|Boudouard reaction}}<br />
The Boudouard reaction is: <br />
::2CO <math> \rightleftharpoons </math> CO<sub>2</sub> + C<br />
Boudouard found that when an excess of coke reacts with air or metal oxides, below about 400°C this produces carbon dioxide and soot, while at temperatures above 1,000°C it produces carbon monoxide. Between these extremes a mixture of the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and soot is produced {{sfn|Holleman|Wiber|Wiberg|2001|pp=811}} Understanding the reaction is a significant factor in the design of blast furnaces where the goal is to maximize use of fuel while minimizing production of soot.{{sfn|Zeman|Lackner|2006}}<br />
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==Bibliography==<br />
*{{cite journal |last1=Le Chatelier |first1=H. |last2=Boudouard |first2=O. |year=1898<br />
|title=Limits of Flammability of Gaseous Mixtures |journal=[[Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France]] |location=Paris |volume=19 |pages=483–488}}<br />
*{{cite book |title=Mesure des températures élevées |first1=H. |last=Le Chatelier |first2=O. |last2=Boudouard |year=1900<br />
|url=http://archive.org/details/mesuredestempr00lechuoft|location=Paris |publisher=G. Carré et C. Naud}}<br />
*{{cite book|last1=Chatelier|first1=Henri Le|last2=Boudouard|first2=Octave|last3=Burgess|first3=George Kimball|title=High-temperature measurements|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=-2tKAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=2013-05-17|year=1912|publisher=Wiley}}<br />
*{{cite book |title=Paul Schutzenberger et l'isotopie |first=O. |last=Boudouard |year=1922}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
'''Notes'''<br />
{{notes}}<br />
'''Citations'''<br />
{{reflist |colwidth=30em}}<br />
'''Sources'''<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book|ref=harv<br />
|last=Barnes|first=David S.|title=The Great Stink of Paris and the Nineteenth-Century Struggle Against Filth and Germs<br />
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=khptROSVZZoC&pg=PA300|accessdate=2013-05-17<br />
|date=2006-05-17|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=978-0-8018-8349-1}}<br />
*{{cite book |ref={{harvid|Boudouard, Octave-Léopold: Trecanni}} |url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/octave-leopold-boudouard/<br />
|title=Boudouard, Octave-Léopold|work=Trecanni|accessdate=2013-05-17}}<br />
*{{cite book|ref=harv<br />
|last1=Holleman|first1=Arnold F.|last2=Wiber|first2=Egon|last3=Wiberg|first3=Nils|title=Inorganic Chemistry<br />
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vEwj1WZKThEC&pg=PA810|accessdate=17 May 2013<br />
|year=2001|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-352651-9|page=810}} <br />
*{{cite book|ref=harv<br />
|last1=Kemball|first1=Charles|last2=Dowden|first2=D. A.|title=Catalysis:|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7LATFjkYF5QC&pg=PA53|accessdate=2013-05-17<br />
|date=1978-01-01|publisher=Royal Society of Chemistry|isbn=978-0-85186-544-7|page=53}}<br />
*{{cite journal |ref=harv |url=http://wordpress.ei.columbia.edu/lenfest/files/2012/11/ZEMAN_LACKNER_2006.pdf |journal=Pollution Control |date=May 2006<br />
|last1=Zeman |first1=Frank S |last2=Lackner |first2=Klaus S |accessdate=2013-05-17|title=The Zero Emission Kiln}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
{{Persondata<br />
| NAME = Boudouard, Octave Leopold<br />
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =<br />
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = French chemist<br />
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1872<br />
| PLACE OF BIRTH =<br />
| DATE OF DEATH = 1923<br />
| PLACE OF DEATH =<br />
}}<br />
{{DEFAULTSORT:Boudouard, Octave Leopold}}<br />
[[Category:1872 births]]<br />
[[Category:1923 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:French chemists]]</div>en>David Eppstein