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en>Tomruen: 4-polytope

2014-12-27T13:34:29Z

4-polytope

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:34, 27 December 2014
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	~~{{Other uses\|Q value (disambiguation){{!}}Q value}}~~		Andera is what you can contact her but online psychic reading ([http://Www.January-Yjm.com/xe/index.php?mid=video&document_srl=158289 http://Www.January-Yjm.com/xe/index.php?mid=video&document_srl=158289]) she by no means psychic readings, [http://Cartoonkorea.com/ce002/1093612 cartoonkorea.com], truly favored that name. Distributing manufacturing is where her main earnings comes from. My spouse doesn't like it the way I do but what I truly like performing is caving but I don't have the time lately. Her family members life in Alaska but her husband desires them to transfer.<br><br>Here is my site psychic love readings ([http://Www.Indosfriends.com/profile-253/info/ http://Www.Indosfriends.com/profile-253/info/])
	~~{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Q'' value~~ (~~nuclear science)}}~~
	In [[nuclear physics]] and [[nuclear chemistry\|chemistry]], the '''''Q'' value''' for a [[nuclear reaction\|reaction]] is the amount of energy released by that reaction. From energy conservation of the simple reaction,
	:~~<math> a+X\rightarrow Y+b<~~/~~math>~~
	~~one finds,~~
	~~:<math> m_a c^2 + K_a + m_X c^2 + K_X = m_Y c^2 + K_Y + m_b c^2 + K_b<~~/~~math>~~
	~~where ''K'' is the kinetic energy and ''m'' is the rest mass~~. ~~Rewriting the expression above as~~
	~~:<math>\left(m_a+m_X~~ - ~~m_b - m_Y\right) c^2 = K_b + K_Y - K_a - K_X <~~/~~math>~~
	~~enables the general definition of Q:~~
	~~:<math>Q~~ = ~~K\left(\text{Final}\right) - K\left(\text{Initial}\right)~~ = ~~\left(m(\text{Initial})-m(\text{Final})\right) c^2<~~/~~math>~~

	~~A reaction with a positive ''Q'' value is [[exothermic]], i~~.e. ~~has a net release of energy, since the kinetic energy of the final state is greater than the kinetic energy of the initial state.~~
	~~A reaction with a negative ''Q'' value is [[endothermic]], i~~.~~e. requires a net energy input, since the kinetic energy of the final state is less than the kinetic energy of the initial state.<ref name~~=~~"Krane">~~
	~~{{cite book~~
	~~\|author~~=~~K.S. Krane~~
	~~\|year=1988~~
	~~\|title=Introductory Nuclear Physics~~
	~~\|page=381~~
	~~\|publisher=~~[~~[John Wiley & Sons]]~~
	~~\|isbn=0-471-80553-X~~
	~~}}<~~/~~ref>~~

	~~Q values are also featured in [[particle physics]]~~. ~~For example in [[Sargent's rule]~~], ~~which states~~ that ~~the reaction rate of weak interactions~~ is ~~proportional to ''Q''<sup>5</sup>~~. ~~The~~ ''~~Q'' value is~~ the ~~[[kinetic energy]] released~~ in ~~the decay of the particle at rest~~. ~~For example, for neutron decay:~~<~~ref name="Martin"~~>
	~~{{cite book~~
	~~\|author=B.R. Martin and G. Shaw~~
	~~\|year=2007~~
	~~\|title=Particle Physics~~
	~~\|page=34~~
	~~\|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]~~
	~~\|isbn=0-471-97285-1~~
	}}<~~/ref~~>

	:~~<math> Q = (m_\text{n} - m_\text{p} - m_\mathrm{\overline{\nu}} - m_\text{e})c^2<~~/~~math>~~

	~~where ''m''<sub>n<~~/~~sub> is the mass of the [[neutron]], ''m''<sub>p<~~/~~sub> is the mass of the [[proton]], ''m''<sub>{{overline\|ν}}<~~/~~sub> is the mass of the [[electron antineutrino]] and ''m''<sub>e<~~/~~sub> is the mass of the [[electron]].~~

	~~==See also==~~
	*[[Fusion energy gain factor]]

	~~==Notes and references==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~== External links ==~~
	* [http://~~www-nds~~.~~iaea~~.~~org~~/~~queryensdf Nuclear Structure and Decay Data – IAEA] with query on decays' ''Q''~~-~~values~~



	~~[[Category:Nuclear physics~~]]


	~~{{chem-stub}}~~
	~~{{nuclear-stub}}~~
	~~{{particle-stub}}~~

en>Tomruen: /* See also */

2013-08-03T00:34:31Z

See also

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:34, 3 August 2013
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	~~Andrew Berryhill~~ is ~~what his wife loves to contact him~~ and ~~he totally digs that name~~. ~~Ohio~~ is ~~exactly where her house~~ is. ~~Invoicing~~ is ~~my profession~~. The ~~preferred pastime~~ for ~~him~~ and ~~his children~~ is ~~to play lacross~~ and ~~he would by no means give it up.~~<br><br>~~my blog :: authentic psychic readings (~~[http://www.~~seekavideo~~.~~com~~/~~playlist/2199/video/ other~~])		{{Other uses\|Q value (disambiguation){{!}}Q value}}
			{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Q'' value (nuclear science)}}
			In [[nuclear physics]] and [[nuclear chemistry\|chemistry]], the '''''Q'' value''' for a [[nuclear reaction\|reaction]] is the amount of energy released by that reaction. From energy conservation of the simple reaction,
			:<math> a+X\rightarrow Y+b</math>
			one finds,
			:<math> m_a c^2 + K_a + m_X c^2 + K_X = m_Y c^2 + K_Y + m_b c^2 + K_b</math>
			where ''K'' is the kinetic energy and ''m'' is the rest mass. Rewriting the expression above as
			:<math>\left(m_a+m_X - m_b - m_Y\right) c^2 = K_b + K_Y - K_a - K_X </math>
			enables the general definition of Q:
			:<math>Q = K\left(\text{Final}\right) - K\left(\text{Initial}\right) = \left(m(\text{Initial})-m(\text{Final})\right) c^2</math>

			A reaction with a positive ''Q'' value is [[exothermic]], i.e. has a net release of energy, since the kinetic energy of the final state is greater than the kinetic energy of the initial state.
			A reaction with a negative ''Q'' value is [[endothermic]], i.e. requires a net energy input, since the kinetic energy of the final state is less than the kinetic energy of the initial state.<ref name="Krane">
			{{cite book
			\|author=K.S. Krane
			\|year=1988
			\|title=Introductory Nuclear Physics
			\|page=381
			\|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]
			\|isbn=0-471-80553-X
			}}</ref>

			Q values are also featured in [[particle physics]]. For example in [[Sargent's rule]], which states that the reaction rate of weak interactions is proportional to ''Q''<sup>5</sup>. The ''Q'' value is the [[kinetic energy]] released in the decay of the particle at rest. For example, for neutron decay:<ref name="Martin">
			{{cite book
			\|author=B.R. Martin and G. Shaw
			\|year=2007
			\|title=Particle Physics
			\|page=34
			\|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]
			\|isbn=0-471-97285-1
			}}</ref>

			:<math> Q = (m_\text{n} - m_\text{p} - m_\mathrm{\overline{\nu}} - m_\text{e})c^2</math>

			where ''m''<sub>n</sub> is the mass of the [[neutron]], ''m''<sub>p</sub> is the mass of the [[proton]], ''m''<sub>{{overline\|ν}}</sub> is the mass of the [[electron antineutrino]] and ''m''<sub>e</sub> is the mass of the [[electron]].

			==See also==
			*[[Fusion energy gain factor]]

			==Notes and references==
			{{reflist}}

			== External links ==
			* [http://www-nds.iaea.org/queryensdf Nuclear Structure and Decay Data – IAEA] with query on decays' ''Q''-values



			[[Category:Nuclear physics]]


			{{chem-stub}}
			{{nuclear-stub}}
			{{particle-stub}}

en>Double sharp: /* See also */

2012-06-05T07:46:52Z