Thermionic emission - Revision history

en>Rjwilmsi: /* History */Journal cites, Added 2 dois to journal cites using AWB (10503)

2014-11-23T14:09:41Z

History: Journal cites, Added 2 dois to journal cites using AWB (10503)

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:09, 23 November 2014
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	~~Jerrie Swoboda is what you actually can call me so~~ I ~~totally dig regarding name~~. ~~Managing people is my time job now~~. ~~As a girl what I do like is to master croquet but~~ I ~~still can't make it my field~~ really~~. My spouse and~~ I ~~chose to reside in Massachusetts. Go to my web property to find out more: http://prometeu.net~~<br><br>my ~~website ...~~ [http://~~prometeu~~.~~net Clash Of Clans hack password~~]		Nothing to tell about myself I think.<br>Yes! Im a part of wmflabs.org.<br>I really hope I am useful at all<br><br>Take a look at my weblog :: [http://safedietsthatwork.blog.com/ diet plans]

en>DMacks: Reverted edits by 197.242.97.216 (talk) to last version by Cwkmail

2014-02-19T14:45:54Z

Reverted edits by 197.242.97.216 (talk) to last version by Cwkmail

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 19 February 2014
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	~~[[File:Torque force equivalence at one meter leverage.png\|right\|300px]]~~		Jerrie Swoboda is what you actually can call me so I totally dig regarding name. Managing people is my time job now. As a girl what I do like is to master croquet but I still can't make it my field really. My spouse and I chose to reside in Massachusetts. Go to my web property to find out more: http://prometeu.net<br><br>my website ... [http://prometeu.net Clash Of Clans hack password]
	~~A '''newton metre'''~~ is a [[Physical unit\|unit]] of [[torque]] (also called "[[moment (physics)\|moment]]") in the [[International System of Units\|SI]] system. The symbolic form is '''N m''' or '''N·m'''.<ref>[http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter5/5-1.html BIPM - unit symbols]</ref> One newton metre, sometimes hyphenated ''newton-metre'', is equal to the torque resulting from a [[force]] of one [[newton (unit)\|newton]] applied perpendicularly to a [[moment arm]] which is ~~one [[metre]] long~~.

	~~It is also used less commonly as~~ a ~~unit of [[work (physics)\|work]], or [[energy]], in which case it~~ is ~~equivalent~~ to ~~the more common and standard SI unit of energy, the [[joule]].<ref name=Eshbach>For example: Eshbach~~'~~s handbook of engineering fundamentals - 10~~.~~4 Engineering Thermodynamics~~ and ~~Heat Transfer "In SI units the basic unit of energy is Newton-metre".</ref> In this very different usage the metre term represents the distance travelled or displacement [[Dot_product#Physics\|~~in ~~the direction]] of the force, and not the [[Cross_product#Mechanics\|perpendicular distance]] from a fulcrum as it does when used to express torque~~. ~~This usage is discouraged by the [[BIPM\|SI authority]], since it can lead~~ to ~~confusion as~~ to whether a given quantity expressed in newton-metres is a torque or a quantity of energy. However, since torque represents energy transferred or expended per angle of revolution, one newton metre of torque is equivalent to one joule per [[radian]].<ref>[http://~~www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-2/2-2-2~~.~~html BIPM - special names]</ref>~~

	~~Newton metres and joules are "dimensionally equivalent" in the sense that they have the same expression in [[SI base unit]]s:~~

	::<~~math~~>~~1 \, \mathrm{N} \! \cdot \! \mathrm{m} = 1 \frac{\mathrm{kg} \, \mathrm{m}^2}{\mathrm{s}^2} \quad , \quad 1 \, \mathrm{J} = 1 \frac{\mathrm{kg} \, \mathrm{m}^2}{\mathrm{s}^2}~~<~~/math~~>

	Again, N⋅m and J are distinguished in order to avoid misunderstandings where a torque is mistaken for an energy or vice-versa. Similar examples of "dimensionally equivalent" units include [[Becquerel]] versus [[Hertz]], and [[ohm]]s versus [[ohms per square]].

	~~{{clear}}~~

	~~==Conversion factors==~~

	*1 newton metre = 0.~~7375621 [[pound-foot (torque)\|pound-foot]] (often "foot-pound")~~
	*1 [[kilogram-force]] metre = 9.~~80665 Nm<ref>~~[http://~~books~~.google.com/books?id=hAFRfIZMzrwC&pg=PA6 ''Mechanical Engineering Formulas Pocket Guide'', p6]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=0g9QjxsbqmUC&pg=PA621 ''Concise encyclopedia of plastics'', by Donald V. Rosato, Marlene G. Rosato, Dominick V. Rosato, p621]</ref>
	*1 [[pound-foot (torque)\|pound-foot]] (often "foot-pound") = 1 [[pound force]] foot ˜ 1.3558 Nm
	*1 inch [[ounce-force]] = 7.0615518 mNm
	*1 [[dyne]] centimetre = 10<sup>−7</sup> Nm
	*1 [[joule]] = 1 Nm

	~~==See also==~~
	*[[Bending moment]]
	*[[Spring scale]]
	*[[Torque tester]]

	~~==References==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~[[Category:Units of torque]]~~
	~~[[Category:SI derived units]~~]

en>Cwkmail: /* History */ Added reference (Preece, 1885) with external link to ref.

2014-01-22T19:36:51Z

History: Added reference (Preece, 1885) with external link to ref.

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 22 January 2014
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	~~Quick weight loss diets have been about since the world~~'~~s initial dieter looked at their abdomen and thought, "I need to lose~~ a ~~limited pounds - NOW.~~" ~~Even though experience has shown that fast~~ "~~fad" diets usually result~~ in ~~temporary fat loss, dieters are still searching for~~ the ~~Holy Grail: A diet that lets them lose fat fast plus keep it off~~.<br>~~<br>One pound = 3500 calories. Maintaining a caloric deficit of 500 calories every~~ [http://~~safedietplansforwomen~~.~~com~~/~~bmr~~-~~calculator bmr calculator~~] ~~day for one week could signify we lose a pound (if the illustration does her circuit training~~, ~~plus consumes about 1700 total calories which day, then she~~'~~s produced her 500 calorie deficit). For anybody who~~'~~s ever dieted, though~~, the ~~equations~~ is ~~maddeningly inconsistent~~. ~~Sure, eat~~ less ~~plus move more~~, ~~plus you need to lose fat. But that doesn't usually happen. Why not?<br><br>Naturally~~, ~~there are more factors~~ to the ~~numbers game then only grabbing a formula; such as~~, ~~genetics, family history, pre-existing conditions, etc~~. ~~If you~~'~~d like to receive an accurate reading~~ of the ~~basal metabolic rate then please consult a dietician~~.<br>~~<br>Reduce saturated fats: They should take~~ not ~~extra than 8 % of your calories~~ from ~~saturated fats~~. ~~When purchasing and cooking meals an overweight individual should choose on~~ a ~~lot more those are fat~~-~~free~~ or ~~lean~~.<br>~~<br>Consume no lower than 1000 calories regularly~~. ~~The optimal caloric consumption requires to be lower than 500 calories compared to what exactly is essential according to your bmr~~. ~~There are many tools accessible online which aid we calculate a BMR~~.<br><br>~~The BMI Calculator or BMI is a beneficial tool~~, ~~nonetheless~~, ~~it'~~s ~~based on fat~~ and ~~does not measure fat vs muscle~~. ~~There is a amount~~ of ~~individuals whose BMI is actually ok~~, ~~however have nonetheless have too much fat due to a reduction of muscle when you reach this age group~~. ~~So, one suggested idea is to look at a waist to cool ratio~~. ~~Measuring a waistline first, as a guide females must be 32inches~~ (~~80cm~~) ~~or less plus men must be 37inches~~ (~~94cm~~) ~~or less~~. ~~Anything over signifies we are at a higher risk of diabetes plus heart disease~~. ~~Now measure the hips and split the waist measuring by a cool measurement~~. ~~Guys you need to be no higher than 0.9~~, ~~ladies no higher than 0.8.~~<br><br>~~McArdle~~, ~~William~~, ~~Katch~~, ~~Frank~~, ~~plus Katch, Victor.~~ (~~1998~~). ~~Exercise Physiology~~: ~~Energy, Nutrition, and Human Performance. Baltimore, Maryland~~: ~~Williams and Wilkins.~~		[[File:Torque force equivalence at one meter leverage.png\|right\|300px]]
			A '''newton metre''' is a [[Physical unit\|unit]] of [[torque]] (also called "[[moment (physics)\|moment]]") in the [[International System of Units\|SI]] system. The symbolic form is '''N m''' or '''N·m'''.<ref>[http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter5/5-1.html BIPM - unit symbols]</ref> One newton metre, sometimes hyphenated ''newton-metre'', is equal to the torque resulting from a [[force]] of one [[newton (unit)\|newton]] applied perpendicularly to a [[moment arm]] which is one [[metre]] long.

			It is also used less commonly as a unit of [[work (physics)\|work]], or [[energy]], in which case it is equivalent to the more common and standard SI unit of energy, the [[joule]].<ref name=Eshbach>For example: Eshbach's handbook of engineering fundamentals - 10.4 Engineering Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer "In SI units the basic unit of energy is Newton-metre".</ref> In this very different usage the metre term represents the distance travelled or displacement [[Dot_product#Physics\|in the direction]] of the force, and not the [[Cross_product#Mechanics\|perpendicular distance]] from a fulcrum as it does when used to express torque. This usage is discouraged by the [[BIPM\|SI authority]], since it can lead to confusion as to whether a given quantity expressed in newton-metres is a torque or a quantity of energy. However, since torque represents energy transferred or expended per angle of revolution, one newton metre of torque is equivalent to one joule per [[radian]].<ref>[http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-2/2-2-2.html BIPM - special names]</ref>

			Newton metres and joules are "dimensionally equivalent" in the sense that they have the same expression in [[SI base unit]]s:

			::<math>1 \, \mathrm{N} \! \cdot \! \mathrm{m} = 1 \frac{\mathrm{kg} \, \mathrm{m}^2}{\mathrm{s}^2} \quad , \quad 1 \, \mathrm{J} = 1 \frac{\mathrm{kg} \, \mathrm{m}^2}{\mathrm{s}^2}</math>

			Again, N⋅m and J are distinguished in order to avoid misunderstandings where a torque is mistaken for an energy or vice-versa. Similar examples of "dimensionally equivalent" units include [[Becquerel]] versus [[Hertz]], and [[ohm]]s versus [[ohms per square]].

			{{clear}}

			==Conversion factors==

			*1 newton metre = 0.7375621 [[pound-foot (torque)\|pound-foot]] (often "foot-pound")
			*1 [[kilogram-force]] metre = 9.80665 Nm<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=hAFRfIZMzrwC&pg=PA6 ''Mechanical Engineering Formulas Pocket Guide'', p6]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=0g9QjxsbqmUC&pg=PA621 ''Concise encyclopedia of plastics'', by Donald V. Rosato, Marlene G. Rosato, Dominick V. Rosato, p621]</ref>
			*1 [[pound-foot (torque)\|pound-foot]] (often "foot-pound") = 1 [[pound force]] foot ˜ 1.3558 Nm
			*1 inch [[ounce-force]] = 7.0615518 mNm
			*1 [[dyne]] centimetre = 10<sup>−7</sup> Nm
			*1 [[joule]] = 1 Nm

			==See also==
			*[[Bending moment]]
			*[[Spring scale]]
			*[[Torque tester]]

			==References==
			{{reflist}}

			[[Category:Units of torque]]
			[[Category:SI derived units]]

en>DonPMitchell at 18:55, 11 July 2012

2012-07-11T18:55:44Z

New page

Quick weight loss diets have been about since the world's initial dieter looked at their abdomen and thought, "I need to lose a limited pounds - NOW." Even though experience has shown that fast "fad" diets usually result in temporary fat loss, dieters are still searching for the Holy Grail: A diet that lets them lose fat fast plus keep it off. One pound = 3500 calories. Maintaining a caloric deficit of 500 calories every [http://safedietplansforwomen.com/bmr-calculator bmr calculator] day for one week could signify we lose a pound (if the illustration does her circuit training, plus consumes about 1700 total calories which day, then she's produced her 500 calorie deficit). For anybody who's ever dieted, though, the equations is maddeningly inconsistent. Sure, eat less plus move more, plus you need to lose fat. But that doesn't usually happen. Why not? Naturally, there are more factors to the numbers game then only grabbing a formula; such as, genetics, family history, pre-existing conditions, etc. If you'd like to receive an accurate reading of the basal metabolic rate then please consult a dietician. Reduce saturated fats: They should take not extra than 8 % of your calories from saturated fats. When purchasing and cooking meals an overweight individual should choose on a lot more those are fat-free or lean. Consume no lower than 1000 calories regularly. The optimal caloric consumption requires to be lower than 500 calories compared to what exactly is essential according to your bmr. There are many tools accessible online which aid we calculate a BMR. The BMI Calculator or BMI is a beneficial tool, nonetheless, it's based on fat and does not measure fat vs muscle. There is a amount of individuals whose BMI is actually ok, however have nonetheless have too much fat due to a reduction of muscle when you reach this age group. So, one suggested idea is to look at a waist to cool ratio. Measuring a waistline first, as a guide females must be 32inches (80cm) or less plus men must be 37inches (94cm) or less. Anything over signifies we are at a higher risk of diabetes plus heart disease. Now measure the hips and split the waist measuring by a cool measurement. Guys you need to be no higher than 0.9, ladies no higher than 0.8. McArdle, William, Katch, Frank, plus Katch, Victor. (1998). Exercise Physiology: Energy, Nutrition, and Human Performance. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams and Wilkins.