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[[File:Епафродит, Сосфен, Аполлос, Кифа и Кесарь.jpg|thumb|Epaphroditus, Sosthenes, Apollos, Cephas and Caesar]]
'''Apollos''' (Ἀπολλώς) is a [[Christianity in the 1st century|1st century]] [[Alexandria]]n [[Jewish Christian]] mentioned several times in the [[New Testament]]. A contemporary of [[Paul the Apostle]], he played an important role in the churches of [[Ephesus]] and [[Ancient Corinth#Biblical Corinth|Corinth]].
 
==Apollos in the New Testament==
 
Apollos was a [[Jew]] from [[Alexandria]]. This led to speculations that Apollos preached in the allegorical style of [[Philo]]. Theologian [[Jerome Murphy-O'Connor]], for example, recently commented: "It is difficult to imagine that an Alexandrian Jew ... could have escaped the influence of Philo, the great intellectual leader ... particularly since the latter seems to have been especially concerned with education and preaching."<ref>J Murphy-O'Connor. ''Paul: A critical life.'' Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996, p. 275</ref>
 
Apollos is first mentioned as a Christian preacher who had come to Ephesus (probably in the year 52-3), where he is described as "being fervent in spirit, he spoke and taught accurately the things concerning Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John." {{Bibleref2c|Acts|18:24-25}} [[Priscilla and Aquila]], a Jewish Christian couple who had come to Ephesus with the [[Paul of Tarsus|Apostle Paul]], instructed Apollos. "When Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and explained to him the way of God more adequately."{{bibleref2c|Acts|18:26}} The differences between the two and Apollos probably included baptism and the [[Holy Spirit]], for [[Acts of the Apostles|Acts]] says that Apollos "knew only the baptism of John" {{Bibleref2c|Acts|18:25}} and later, during Apollos' absence, recounts an encounter between Paul and some disciples at Ephesus:
{{cquote|And he said to them, "Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?" And they said, "No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit." And he said, "Into what then were you baptized?" They said, "Into John's baptism." And Paul said, "John baptized with the baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, Jesus." 5 On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. And when Paul had laid his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they began speaking in tongues and prophesying.{{Bibleref2c|Acts|19:2-6}}}}
 
Before Paul's arrival, Apollos had moved from Ephesus to [[Achaia]]{{Bibleref2c|Acts|18:27}}<ref>So the [[Alexandrian text-type|Alexandrian recension]]; the text in [[Papyrus 38|<math>\mathfrak{P}</math><sup>38</sup>]] and [[Codex Bezae]] indicate that Apollos went to Corinth. Joseph Fitzmyer, ''The Acts of the Apostles'' (New York: Doubleday, 1998), p. 639.</ref> and is located at [[Corinth]], the provincial capital of Achaia.{{Bibleref2c|Acts|19:1}} Acts reports that Apollos arrived in Achaia with letters of recommendation from Ephesian Christians and "greatly helped those who through grace had believed, for he powerfully refuted the Jews in public, showing by the [[Old Testament|Scriptures]] that the Christ was Jesus.{{Bibleref2c|Acts|18:27-28}}
 
Paul's [[First Epistle to the Corinthians]] (55 AD) mentions Apollos as an important figure at Corinth. Paul described Apollos' role at Corinth: "I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth."{{Bibleref2c|1co|3:6}} Paul's Epistle refers to a [[Schism (religion)|schism]] between four parties in the Corinthian church, of which two attached themselves to Paul and Apollos respectively, using their names (the third and fourth were Peter, identified as Cephas, and Jesus Christ himself).{{Bibleref2c|1co|1:10-13}} There is no indication that Apollos favored or approved an overestimation of his person. Paul urged him to go to Corinth at the time, but Apollos refused, stating that he would come later when he had an opportunity.{{Bibleref2c|1co|16:12}}
 
Apollos is mentioned one more time in the New Testament. In the [[Epistle to Titus]], the recipient is exhorted to "speed Zenas the lawyer and Apollos on their way".{{Bibleref2c|Titus|3:13}}
 
==Extrabiblical information==
[[Jerome]] states that Apollos was so dissatisfied with the division at Corinth, that he retired to Crete with Zenas the lawyer; and that the schism having been healed by Paul's letters to the Corinthians, Apollos returned to the city, and became its bishop.<ref name="JCET">Jerome, Commentary on the Epistle to Titus 3:13</ref> Less probable traditions assign to him the bishopric of Duras, or of Iconium in Phrygia, or of Caesarea.  
 
[[Martin Luther]] and some modern scholars have proposed Apollos as the author of the [[Epistle to the Hebrews]], rather than [[Paul the Apostle|Paul]] or [[Barnabas]]. Both Apollos or Barnabas were Jewish Christians with sufficient intellectual authority.<ref>''The NIV study bible, new international version''; English (UK) edition; London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1987; p.1817.</ref>  Other than this, there are no known surviving texts attributed to Apollos.
 
Apollos is regarded as a saint by several Christian churches, including the [[Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod]], which hold a commemoration for him, [[Aquila and Priscilla]] on February 13.
 
== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
 
==References==
{{Portal|Eastern Christianity}}
* Articles in
**''[[Encyclopaedia Biblica]]''
**Herzog-Hauck, ''Realencyklopadie''
**''[[The Jewish Encyclopedia]]'' ([http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=1650&letter=A&search=Apollos Jewish Encyclopedia: Apollos])
*''[[Jerome]]'' [http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/04z/z_0347-0420__Hieronymus__Commentariorum_In_Epistolam_Beati_Pauli_Ad_Titum_Liber_Unus__MLT.pdf Commentary on the Epistle to Titus]
*[[James Hastings]], ''[[Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible|Dictionary of the Bible]]''
* [[Karl Heinrich von Weizsäcker]], ''Das apostolische Zeitalter'' (1886)
* [[A. C. McGiffert]], ''History of Christianity in the Apostolic Age''.
* ''Initial text from Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religion''
* {{1911}}
 
{{New Testament people}}
{{Catholic saints}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Apollos}}
[[Category:1st-century bishops]]
[[Category:1st-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Christianity in Roman Corinth]]
[[Category:Early Hebrew Christians]]
[[Category:Eastern Orthodox saints]]
[[Category:People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar]]
[[Category:New Testament people]]
[[Category:Seventy disciples]]
[[Category:Converts to Christianity from Judaism]]
[[Category:Biblical apostles]]
[[Category:Book of Acts]]
[[Category:First Epistle to the Corinthians]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman saints]]

Latest revision as of 13:03, 9 January 2015

More than 60% of the planet struggles with fat reduction. They wish a technique to greater their lives, however it's tough to obtain a real fat reduction program which will deliver results. So, the BMI (Body Mass Index) calculator was founded to help individuals keep a healthy existence. So what is a BMI Calculator?

Folks following the 3 day cardiac diet will probably feel hunger pangs plus have lower power levels. This is incredibly true by the third day. However, keep in your mind which the diet is of limited duration plus you need to be fine unless you have stamina based physical feats to do.

Select low-fat foods, watch how many calories you're taking in per meal, and eat a balanced meal. Balanced food could have plenty of greens, fruits, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean meats and proteins. Eat because little fat as perhaps inside your diet.

A lot of persons have benefited within the bmi calculator over the previous limited decades yet, there are more exact alternatives available nowadays. If you are not certain what system is best for your condition, then we should consult a health specialist for proper guidance.

However, correlation refuses to imply causation. In additional words - a higher BMI seems to result a lower death rate, but that could not become the case. Lung condition, among the uncommon causes of death in the overweight, is usually caused by smoking, a habit which leads to being thin or underweight. And there are a myriad of different wellness dangers connected with a BMI between 25 and 30. Women with a BMI of 27 or high that are found on the birth control pill will expect a much high risk of pregnancy, analysis says.

In purchase to determine perfect fat for kids and teens (between age group 2-20 years), there is a specific reference tool called the BMI percentile chart. In case, when the percent value falls at 80, it means the kid is having more weight than 80 percent of the kids of the same gender plus age group. According to the chart, a child's body mass index dropping in 95 percentile or above indicates he is obese, while those with a BMI above 85 percentile have a risk of becoming obese. On the additional hand, if a kid's BMI percentile is 5 or lower, he/she is underweight.

In terms of its dodgy mathematics, the BMI is borderline junk science. But inside this regard, BMI is less egregious than Global Warming 'studies', in which nearly all of the big-name 'researchers' cherry-pick, hide, or even fabricate information. Click on the link for my long hub found on the subject.