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| [[Image:Arabic Numerals.svg|thumb|400px|The ten digits of the Western [[Arabic numerals]], in order of value.]]
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| A '''digit''' is a type of symbol (a numeral symbol, such as "2" or "5") used in combinations (such as "25") to represent [[number]]s (such as the number 25) in [[Positional notation|positional]] [[numeral system]]s. The name "digit" comes from the fact that the 10 digits (ancient [[Latin]] ''digiti'' meaning fingers) of the hands correspond to the 10 symbols of the common [[base 10]] number system, i.e. the decimal (ancient Latin adjective ''dec.'' meaning ten) digits.
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| In a given number system, if the [[radix|base]] is an integer, the number of digits required is always equal to the [[absolute value]] of the base. For example, the decimal system (base 10) has ten digits (0 through to 9), whereas binary (base 2) has two digits (0 and 1).
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| ==Overview==
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| In a basic digital system, a [[numeral system|numeral]] is a sequence of digits, which may be of arbitrary length. Each position in the sequence has a [[positional notation|place value]], and each digit has a value. The value of the numeral is computed by multiplying each digit in the sequence by its place value, and summing the results.
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| ===Digital values===
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| Each digit in a number system represents an integer. For example, in [[decimal]] the digit "1" represents the integer [[one]], and in the [[hexadecimal]] system, the letter "A" represents the number [[10 (number)|ten]]. A [[positional number system]] must have a digit representing the integers from [[zero]] up to, but not including, the [[radix]] of the number system.
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| ===Computation of place values===
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| The [[Hindu–Arabic numeral system]] (or the Hindu numeral system) uses a [[decimal separator]], commonly a [[period (punctuation)|period]] in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[United States]] or a [[comma]] in [[Europe]], to denote the "ones place" or "units place",<ref name=math-textbooks1>[http://books.google.com/books?id=z4DKqNFIR5gC&q=%22units+or+ones+place%22&dq=%22units+or+ones+place%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2--DUunsD4bKiwKA-4CoBA&ved=0CFUQ6AEwCDgK][http://books.google.com/books?id=IYvSWIw3oxUC&pg=PA5&dq=%22units+or+ones+place%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=w--DUqn8G-H8igKoiYCIBw&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22units%20or%20ones%20place%22&f=false][http://books.google.com/books?id=xwYAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA17&dq=%22units+or+ones+place%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=w--DUqn8G-H8igKoiYCIBw&ved=0CGkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=%22units%20or%20ones%20place%22&f=false]</ref>{{Clarify|date=November 2013|reason=<nowiki>This is not a proper reference citation. Use Template:Cite web or similar to provide source details. Use <ref...> inline in the article (see WP:CITE) to source the specific facts provided by this reference.</nowiki>}} which has a place value one. Each successive place to the left of this has a place value equal to the place value of the previous digit times the [[radix|base]]. Similarly, each successive place to the right of the separator has a place value equal to the place value of the previous digit divided by the base. For example, in the numeral '''10.34''' (written in [[base ten]]),
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| :the '''0''' is immediately to the left of the separator, so it is in the ones or units place, and is called the ''units digit'' or ''ones digit''<ref name=math-textbooks2>[http://books.google.com/books?id=W4AXAQAAMAAJ&q=%22units+or+ones+digit%22&dq=%22units+or+ones+digit%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MeyDUsfqDKaUiALdl4HwCA&ved=0CDoQ6AEwATgK][http://books.google.com/books?id=ng11FOHjNmcC&q=%22ones+or+units+digit%22&dq=%22ones+or+units+digit%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TOyDUpyHI4qiigKC7YGABA&ved=0CCwQ6AEwADgK][http://books.google.com/books?id=f3Y51BtCOKMC&q=%22ones+or+units+digit%22&dq=%22ones+or+units+digit%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TOyDUpyHI4qiigKC7YGABA&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBjgK]</ref>{{Clarify|date=November 2013|reason=<nowiki>This is not a proper reference citation. Use Template:Cite web or similar to provide source details. Use <ref...> inline in the article (see WP:CITE) to source the specific facts provided by this reference.</nowiki>}};
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| :the '''1''' to the left of the ones place is in the tens place, and is called the ''tens digit''; | |
| :the '''3''' is to the right of the ones place, so it is in the tenths place, and is called the ''tenths digit'';
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| :the '''4''' to the right of the tenths place is in the hundredths place, and is called the ''hundredths digit''.
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| The total value of the number is 1 ten, 0 ones, 3 tenths, and 4 hundredths. Note that the zero, which contributes no value to the number, indicates that the 1 is in the tens place rather than the ones place. | |
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| The place value of any given digit in a numeral can be given by a simple calculation, which in itself is a compliment to the logic behind numeral systems. The calculation involves the multiplication of the given digit by the base raised by the exponent ''n'' − 1, where ''n'' represents the position of the digit from the separator; the value of ''n'' is positive (+), but this is only if the digit is to the left of the separator. And to the right, the digit is multiplied by the base raised by a negative (−) n. For example, in the number '''10.34''' (written in base ten), | |
| :the '''1''' is second to the left of the separator, so based on calculation, its value is,
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| :n − 1 = 2 − 1 = 1
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| :1 × 10<sup>''1''</sup> = 10
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| :the '''4''' is second to the right of the separator, so based on calculation its value is,
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| :n = −2
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| :4 × 10<sup>''−2''</sup> = {{Fraction|4|100}}
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| ==History==
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| [[Image:Arabic numerals-en.svg|thumb|500px|Glyphs used to represent digits of the Hindu-Arabic numeral system.]]
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| The first true written [[positional numeral system]] is considered to be the [[Hindu–Arabic numeral system]]. This system was established by the 7th century,<ref name="O'Connor and Robertson">O'Connor, J. J. and Robertson, E. F. [http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Arabic_numerals.html Arabic Numerals]. January 2001. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.</ref> but was not yet in its modern form because the use of the digit [[zero]] had not yet been widely accepted. Instead of a zero, a space was left in the numeral as a placeholder. The first widely acknowledged use of zero was in 876. Although the original Hindu-Arabic system was very similar to the modern one, even down to the [[glyph]]s used to represent digits, the direction of places was reversed, so that place values increased to the right rather than to the left.<ref name="O'Connor and Robertson" />
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| [[Image:Maya.svg|thumb|left|150px|The digits of the Maya numeral system, with Hindu-Arabic equivalents]]
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| By the 13th century, [[Hindu-Arabic numerals]] were accepted in European mathematical circles ([[Fibonacci]] used them in his ''[[Liber Abaci]]''). They began to enter common use in the 15th century. By the end of the 20th century virtually all non-computerized calculations in the world were done with Arabic numerals, which have replaced native numeral systems in most cultures.
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| ===Other historical numeral systems using digits===
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| The exact age of the [[Maya numerals]] is unclear, but it is possible that it is older than the Hindu-Arabic system. The system was [[vigesimal]] (base twenty), so it has twenty digits. The Mayas used a shell symbol to represent zero. Numerals were written vertically, with the ones place at the bottom. The [[Mayas]] had no equivalent of the modern [[decimal separator]], so their system could not represent fractions.
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| The [[Thai numerals|Thai numeral system]] is identical to the [[Hindu–Arabic numeral system]] except for the symbols used to represent digits. The use of these digits is less common in [[Thailand]] than it once was, but they are still used alongside Hindu-Arabic numerals.
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| The rod numerals, the written forms of [[counting rods]] once used by [[China|Chinese]] and [[Japan]]ese mathematicians, are a decimal positional system able to represent not only zero but also negative numbers. Counting rods themselves predate Hindu-Arabic numeral system. The [[Chinese_numerals#Suzhou_numerals|Suzhou numerals]] are variants of rod numerals.
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| {| class="wikitable" border="1" style="text-align:center"
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| |+ Rod numerals (vertical)
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| |-
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| ! style="width:50px" | 0
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| ! style="width:50px" | 1
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| ! style="width:50px" | 2
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| ! style="width:50px" | 3
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| ! style="width:50px" | 4
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| ! style="width:50px" | 5
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| ! style="width:50px" | 6
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| ! style="width:50px" | 7
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| ! style="width:50px" | 8
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| ! style="width:50px" | 9
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| |-
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| | [[Image:Counting rod 0.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v1.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v2.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v3.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v4.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v5.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v6.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v7.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v8.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v9.png]]
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| |-
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| ! style="width:50px" | -0
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| ! style="width:50px" | -1
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| ! style="width:50px" | -2
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| ! style="width:50px" | -3
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| ! style="width:50px" | -4
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| ! style="width:50px" | -5
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| ! style="width:50px" | -6
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| ! style="width:50px" | -7
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| ! style="width:50px" | -8
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| ! style="width:50px" | -9
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| |-
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| | [[Image:Counting rod -0.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-1.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-2.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-3.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-4.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-5.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-6.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-7.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-8.png]]
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| | [[Image:Counting rod v-9.png]]
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| |}
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| ==Modern digital systems==
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| ===In computer science===
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| The [[Binary numeral system|binary]] (base 2), [[octal]] (base 8), and [[hexadecimal]] (base 16) systems, extensively used in [[computer science]], all follow the conventions of the [[Hindu–Arabic numeral system]]. The binary system uses only the digits "0" and "1", while the octal system uses the digits from "0" through "7". The hexadecimal system uses all the digits from the decimal system, plus the letters "A" through "F", which represent the numbers 10 to 15 respectively.
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| ===Unusual systems===
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| The [[Ternary numeral system|ternary]] and [[balanced ternary]] systems have sometimes been used. They are both base-three systems.
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| Balanced ternary is unusual in having the digit values 1, 0 and -1. Balanced ternary turns out to have some useful properties and the system has been used in the experimental Russian [[Setun]] computers.
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| Several authors in the last 300 years have noted a facility of [[positional notation]] that amounts to a ''modified'' [[decimal representation]].
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| Some advantages are cited for use of numerical digits that represent negative values. In 1840 [[Augustin-Louis Cauchy]] advocated use of [[signed-digit representation]] of numbers, and in 1928 [[Florian Cajori]] presented his collection of references for [[signed-digit representation#Negative numerals|negative numerals]]. The concept of signed-digit representation has also been taken up in [[computer design]].
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| ==Digits in mathematics==
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| Despite the essential role of digits in describing numbers, they are relatively unimportant to modern [[mathematics]]. Nevertheless, there are a few important mathematical concepts that make use of the representation of a number as a sequence of digits.
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| ===Digital roots===
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| {{main|Digital root}}
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| The digital root is the single-digit number obtained by summing the digits of a given number, then summing the digits of the result, and so on until a single-digit number is obtained.
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| ===Casting out nines===
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| {{main|Casting out nines}}
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| [[Casting out nines]] is a procedure for checking arithmetic done by hand. To describe it, let <math>f(x)\,</math> represent the [[digital root]] of <math>x\,</math>, as described above. Casting out nines makes use of the fact that if <math>A + B = C\,</math>, then <math>f(f(A) + f(B)) = f(C)\, </math>. In the process of casting out nines, both sides of the latter [[equation]] are computed, and if they are not equal the original addition must have been faulty.
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| ===Repunits and repdigits===
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| {{main|Repunit}}
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| Repunits are integers that are represented with only the digit 1. For example, 1111 (one thousand, one hundred eleven) is a repunit. [[Repdigit]]s are a generalization of repunits; they are integers represented by repeated instances of the same digit. For example, 333 is a repdigit. The [[prime number|primacy]] of repunits is of interest to mathematicians.<ref>{{MathWorld|urlname=Repunit|title=Repunit}}</ref>
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| ===Palindromic numbers and Lychrel numbers===
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| {{main|Palindromic number}}
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| Palindromic numbers are numbers that read the same when their digits are reversed. A [[Lychrel number]] is a positive integer that never yields a palindromic number when subjected to the iterative process of being added to itself with digits reversed. The question of whether there are any Lychrel numbers in base 10 is an open problem in [[recreational mathematics]]; the smallest candidate is [[196 (number)|196]].
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| ==History of ancient numbers==
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| {{Main|History of writing ancient numbers}}
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| Counting aids, especially the use of body parts (counting on fingers), were certainly used in prehistoric times as today. There are many variations. Besides counting 10 fingers, some cultures have counted knuckles, the space between fingers, and toes as well as fingers. The [[Oksapmin]] culture of New Guinea uses a system of 27 upper body locations to represent numbers.
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| To preserve numerical information, [[Tally marks|tallies]] carved in wood, bone, and stone have been used since prehistoric times. Stone age cultures, including ancient [[Amerindian|American Indian]] groups, used tallies for gambling, personal services, and trade-goods.
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| A method of preserving numeric information in clay was invented by the [[Sumerians]] between 8000 and 3500 BCE. This was done with small clay tokens of various shapes that were strung like beads on a string. Beginning about 3500 BCE clay tokens were gradually replaced by number signs impressed with a round stylus at different angles in clay tablets (originally containers for tokens) which were then baked. About 3100 BCE written numbers were dissociated from the things being counted and became abstract numerals.
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| Between 2700 BCE and 2000 BCE in Sumer, the round stylus was gradually replaced by a reed stylus that was used to press wedge-shaped cuneiform signs in clay. These cuneiform number signs resembled the round number signs they replaced and retained the additive [[sign-value notation]] of the round number signs. These systems gradually converged on a common [[sexagesimal]] number system; this was a place-value system consisting of only two impressed marks, the vertical wedge and the chevron, which could also represent fractions. This sexagesimal number system was fully developed at the beginning of the Old Babylonia period (about 1950 BC) and became standard in Babylonia.
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| [[Sexagesimal]] numerals were a [[mixed radix]] system that retained the alternating base 10 and base 6 in a sequence of cuneiform vertical wedges and chevrons. By 1950 BCE this was a [[positional notation]] system. Sexagesimal numerals came to be widely used in commerce, but were also used in astronomical and other calculations. This system was exported from Babylonia and used throughout Mesopotamia, and by every Mediterranean nation that used standard Babylonian units of measure and counting, including the Greeks, Romans and Egyptians. Babylonian-style sexagesimal numeration is still used in modern societies to measure [[time]] (minutes per hour) and [[angle]]s (degrees).
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| ==History of modern numbers==
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| {{Unreferenced section|date=May 2011}}
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| In [[China]], armies and provisions were counted using modular tallies of [[prime number]]s. Unique numbers of troops and measures of rice appear as unique combinations of these tallies. A great convenience of [[modular arithmetic]] is that it is easy to multiply, though quite difficult to add. This makes use of modular arithmetic for provisions especially attractive. Conventional tallies are quite difficult to multiply and divide. In modern times modular arithmetic is sometimes used in [[Digital signal processing]].
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| The oldest Greek system was the that of the [[Attic numerals]], but in the 4th century BC they began to use a quasidecimal alphabetic system (see [[Greek numerals]]). Jews began using a similar system ([[Hebrew numerals]]), with the oldest examples known being coins from around 100 BC.
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| The Roman empire used tallies written on wax, papyrus and stone, and roughly followed the Greek custom of assigning letters to various numbers. The [[Roman numerals|Roman numerals system]] remained in common use in Europe until [[positional notation]] came into common use in the 16th century.
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| The [[Maya numerals|Maya]] of Central America used a mixed base 18 and base 20 system, possibly inherited from the [[Olmec]], including advanced features such as positional notation and a [[0 (number)|zero]].<ref>{{citation|title=Modern Mathematics|first1=Ruric E.|last1=Wheeler|first2=Ed R.|last2=Wheeler|publisher=Kendall Hunt|year=2001|isbn=9780787290627|page=130|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=azSPh9SBwwEC&pg=PA130}}.</ref> They used this system to make advanced astronomical calculations, including highly accurate calculations of the length of the solar year and the orbit of [[Venus]].
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| The Incan Empire ran a large command economy using [[quipu]], tallies made by knotting colored fibers. Knowledge of the encodings of the knots and colors was suppressed by the [[Spain|Spanish]] [[conquistador]]s in the 16th century, and has not survived although simple quipu-like recording devices are still used in the [[Andes|Andean]] region. | |
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| Some authorities believe that positional arithmetic began with the wide use of [[counting rods]] in China. The earliest written positional records seem to be [[rod calculus]] results in China around 400. In particular, zero was correctly described by Chinese mathematicians around 932.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
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| The modern positional Arabic numeral system was developed by [[Indian mathematics|mathematicians in India]], and passed on to [[Islamic mathematics|Muslim mathematicians]], along with astronomical tables brought to [[Baghdad]] by an Indian ambassador around 773.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
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| From [[India]], the thriving trade between Islamic sultans and Africa carried the concept to [[Cairo]]. Arabic mathematicians extended the system to include [[Decimal|decimal fractions]], and {{Unicode|[[Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Ḵwārizmī]]}} wrote an important work about it in the 9th century. The modern [[Arabic numerals]] were introduced to Europe with the translation of this work in the 12th century in Spain and [[Leonardo of Pisa]]'s ''Liber Abaci'' of 1201. In Europe, the complete Indian system with the zero was derived from the Arabs in the 12th century.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
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| The [[binary numeral system|binary system]] (base 2), was propagated in the 17th century by [[Gottfried Leibniz]]. Leibniz had developed the concept early in his career, and had revisited it when he reviewed a copy of the [[I ching]] from China. Binary numbers came into common use in the 20th century because of computer applications.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}
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| ===Numerals in most popular systems===
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| {| class="wikitable" summary="Numerals in many different writing systems"
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| !West Arabic
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| ! 0
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| ! 1
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| ! 2
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| ! 3
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| ! 4
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| ! 5
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| ! 6
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| ! 7
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| ! 8
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| ! 9
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| |-
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| !East Arabic
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| | ٠
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| | ١
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| | ٢
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| | ٣
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| | ٤
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| | ٥
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| | ٦
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| | ٧
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| | ٨
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| | ٩
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| |-
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| !Persian
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| | ٠
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| | ١
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| | ٢
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| | ٣
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| | ۴
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| | ۵
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| | ۶
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| | ٧
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| | ٨
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| | ٩
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| |-
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| ! [[Urdu]]
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| | {{Urdu numeral||15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|1|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|2|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|3|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|4|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|5|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|6|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|7|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|8|15}}
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| | {{Urdu numeral|9|15}}
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| |-
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| !Asomiya (Assamese); Bengali
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| | ০
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| | ১
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| | ২
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| | ৩
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| | ৪
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| | ৫
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| | ৬
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| | ৭
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| | ৮
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| | ৯
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| |-
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| ! Chinese<br /> (everyday)
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| | 〇
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| | 一
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| | 二
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| | 三
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| | 四
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| | 五
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| | 六
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| | 七
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| | 八
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| | 九
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| |-
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| ! Chinese<br /> (formal)
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| | 零
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| | 壹
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| | 贰/貳
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| | 叁/叄
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| | 肆
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| | 伍
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| | 陆/陸
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| | 柒
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| | 捌
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| | 玖
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| |-
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| ! Chinese<br /> (Suzhou)
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| | 〇
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| | 〡
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| | 〢
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| | 〣
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| | 〤
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| | 〥
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| | 〦
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| | 〧
| |
| | 〨
| |
| | 〩
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Devanagari
| |
| | ०
| |
| | १
| |
| | २
| |
| | ३
| |
| | ४
| |
| | ५
| |
| | ६
| |
| | ७
| |
| | ८
| |
| | ९
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Ge'ez<br /> (Ethiopic)
| |
| |
| |
| | ፩
| |
| | ፪
| |
| | ፫
| |
| | ፬
| |
| | ፭
| |
| | ፮
| |
| | ፯
| |
| | ፰
| |
| | ፱
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Gujarati
| |
| | ૦
| |
| | ૧
| |
| | ૨
| |
| | ૩
| |
| | ૪
| |
| | ૫
| |
| | ૬
| |
| | ૭
| |
| | ૮
| |
| | ૯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Gurmukhi
| |
| | ੦
| |
| | ੧
| |
| | ੨
| |
| | ੩
| |
| | ੪
| |
| | ੫
| |
| | ੬
| |
| | ੭
| |
| | ੮
| |
| | ੯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Hieroglyphic Egyptian
| |
| |
| |
| | 𓏺
| |
| | 𓏻
| |
| | 𓏼
| |
| | 𓏽
| |
| | 𓏾
| |
| | 𓏿
| |
| | 𓐀
| |
| | 𓐁
| |
| | 𓐂
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Kannada
| |
| | ೦
| |
| | ೧
| |
| | ೨
| |
| | ೩
| |
| | ೪
| |
| | ೫
| |
| | ೬
| |
| | ೭
| |
| | ೮
| |
| | ೯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Khmer
| |
| | ០
| |
| | ១
| |
| | ២
| |
| | ៣
| |
| | ៤
| |
| | ៥
| |
| | ៦
| |
| | ៧
| |
| | ៨
| |
| | ៩
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Lao
| |
| | ໐
| |
| | ໑
| |
| | ໒
| |
| | ໓
| |
| | ໔
| |
| | ໕
| |
| | ໖
| |
| | ໗
| |
| | ໘
| |
| | ໙
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Limbu
| |
| | ᥆
| |
| | ᥇
| |
| | ᥈
| |
| | ᥉
| |
| | ᥊
| |
| | ᥋
| |
| | ᥌
| |
| | ᥍
| |
| | ᥎
| |
| | ᥏
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Malayalam
| |
| | ൦
| |
| | ൧
| |
| | ൨
| |
| | ൩
| |
| | ൪
| |
| | ൫
| |
| | ൬
| |
| | ൭
| |
| | ൮
| |
| | ൯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Mongolian
| |
| | ᠐
| |
| | ᠑
| |
| | ᠒
| |
| | ᠓
| |
| | ᠔
| |
| | ᠕
| |
| | ᠖
| |
| | ᠗
| |
| | ᠘
| |
| | ᠙
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Burmese
| |
| | ၀
| |
| | ၁
| |
| | ၂
| |
| | ၃
| |
| | ၄
| |
| | ၅
| |
| | ၆
| |
| | ၇
| |
| | ၈
| |
| | ၉
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Oriya
| |
| | ୦
| |
| | ୧
| |
| | ୨
| |
| | ୩
| |
| | ୪
| |
| | ୫
| |
| | ୬
| |
| | ୭
| |
| | ୮
| |
| | ୯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Roman
| |
| |
| |
| | I
| |
| | II
| |
| | III
| |
| | IV
| |
| | V
| |
| | VI
| |
| | VII
| |
| | VIII
| |
| | IX
| |
| |-
| |
| ! [[Tamil_language|Tamil]]
| |
| | ௦
| |
| | ௧
| |
| | ௨
| |
| | ௩
| |
| | ௪
| |
| | ௫
| |
| | ௬
| |
| | ௭
| |
| | ௮
| |
| | ௯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
| |
| | ౦
| |
| | ౧
| |
| | ౨
| |
| | ౩
| |
| | ౪
| |
| | ౫
| |
| | ౬
| |
| | ౭
| |
| | ౮
| |
| | ౯
| |
| |-
| |
| ! [[Thai_numerals|Thai]]
| |
| | ๐
| |
| | ๑
| |
| | ๒
| |
| | ๓
| |
| | ๔
| |
| | ๕
| |
| | ๖
| |
| | ๗
| |
| | ๘
| |
| | ๙
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Tibetan
| |
| | ༠
| |
| | ༡
| |
| | ༢
| |
| | ༣
| |
| | ༤
| |
| | ༥
| |
| | ༦
| |
| | ༧
| |
| | ༨
| |
| | ༩
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Additional numerals===
| |
| | |
| {| class="wikitable" summary="Additional numerals used in Chinese"
| |
| !
| |
| ! 1
| |
| ! 5
| |
| ! 10
| |
| ! 20
| |
| ! 30
| |
| ! 40
| |
| ! 50
| |
| ! 60
| |
| ! 70
| |
| ! 80
| |
| ! 90
| |
| ! 100
| |
| ! 500
| |
| ! 1000
| |
| ! 10000
| |
| ! 10<sup>8</sup>
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Chinese<br /> (simple)
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | 十
| |
| | 廿
| |
| | 卅
| |
| | 卌
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | 百
| |
| |
| |
| | 千
| |
| | 万
| |
| | 亿
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Chinese<br /> (complex)
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | 拾
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | 佰
| |
| |
| |
| | 仟
| |
| | 萬
| |
| | 億
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Ge'ez<br /> (Ethiopic)
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | ፲
| |
| | ፳
| |
| | ፴
| |
| | ፵
| |
| | ፶
| |
| | ፷
| |
| | ፸
| |
| | ፹
| |
| | ፺
| |
| | ፻
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | ፼
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| ! Roman
| |
| | {{unicode|I}}
| |
| | {{unicode|V}}
| |
| | {{unicode|X}}
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | {{unicode|L}}
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | {{unicode|C}}
| |
| | {{unicode|D}}
| |
| | {{unicode|M}}
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| *[[Hexadecimal]]
| |
| *[[Bit]]
| |
| *[[Significant digit]]
| |
| * [[Large numbers]]
| |
| * [[Text figures]]
| |
| * [[Abacus]]
| |
| * [[History of large numbers]]
| |
| * [[List of numeral system topics]]
| |
| | |
| === Numeral notation in various scripts ===
| |
| * [[Arabic numerals]]
| |
| * [[Armenian numerals]]
| |
| * [[Babylonian numerals]]
| |
| * [[Burmese numerals]]
| |
| * [[Chinese numerals]]
| |
| * [[Greek numerals]]
| |
| * [[Hebrew numerals]]
| |
| * [[Indian numerals]]
| |
| * [[Japanese numerals]]
| |
| * [[Korean numerals]]
| |
| * [[Mayan numerals]]
| |
| * [[Quipu]]
| |
| * [[Rod numerals]]
| |
| * [[Roman numerals]]
| |
| * [[Suzhou numerals]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| <references/>
| |
| | |
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Numerical Digit}}
| |
| [[Category:Numeral systems]]
| |
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