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| {{Infobox scientist
| | I would like to introduce myself to you, I am Andrew and my spouse doesn't like it at all. What me and my family members adore is performing ballet but I've been taking on new things lately. My working day job is an invoicing officer but I've currently applied for another 1. Mississippi is the only place I've been residing in but I will have to transfer in a year or two.<br><br>My page :: [http://www.earth210.com/210/partscustom/1051757 best psychic readings] |
| | name = Sir Owen Willans Richardson
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| | image = Niels BohrUpOwenWillansRichardsonDownSolvay1927.JPG
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| | caption = Niels Bohr and Richardson (right) at the 1927 Solvay conference
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| | birth_date = {{birth date|1879|04|26|df=y}}
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| | birth_place = [[Dewsbury]], [[Yorkshire]], [[England]]
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| | death_date = {{death date and age|1959|02|15|1879|04|26|df=y}}
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| | death_place = [[Alton, Hampshire]], [[England]]
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| | nationality = [[United Kingdom]]
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| | field = [[Physics]]
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| | work_institutions = [[University of Cambridge]]<br>[[Princeton University]]<br>[[King's College London]]
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| | alma_mater = [[University of Cambridge]]<br>[[University College London|University College, London]]
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| | doctoral_advisor = [[J. J. Thomson]]
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| | doctoral_students = [[Karl Taylor Compton]]<br />[[Clinton Davisson]]
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| | known_for = [[Richardson's Law]]
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| | prizes = {{nowrap|[[Nobel Prize in Physics]] (1928)}}<br>[[Hughes Medal]] (1920)
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| }}
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| '''Sir Owen Willans Richardson''', [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]] (26 April 1879 – 15 February 1959) was a [[United Kingdom|British]] [[physicist]] who won the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1928 for his work on [[thermionic emission]], which led to [[Thermionic emission#Richardson's Law|Richardson's Law]].<ref name="nobelbio">{{cite web | author=Nobel Foundation | title=Owen Willans Richardson: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1928 | url=http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1928/richardson-bio.html | work=Les Prix Nobel | publisher= | year=1928 | accessdate=2007-09-17}}</ref>
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| ==Biography==
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| Richardson was born in [[Dewsbury]], [[Yorkshire]], [[England]], the only son of Joshua Henry and Charlotte Maria Richardson. He was educated at [[Batley Grammar School]] and [[Trinity College, Cambridge]], where he gained First Class Honours in Natural Sciences.<ref>{{acad|id=RCRT897OW|name=Richardson, Owen Willans}}</ref> He then got a DSc from [[University College London]] in 1904.<ref>{{acad|id=RCRT897OW|name=Richardson, Owen Willans}}</ref><ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_affiliated_with_University_College_London</ref>
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| [[File:Owen Richardson.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Owen Willans Richardson (1928)]]
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| After graduating in 1900, he began researching the emission of electricity from hot bodies at the [[Cavendish Laboratory]] in Cambridge, and in 1902 he was made a fellow at Trinity. In 1901, he demonstrated that the current from a heated wire seemed to depend exponentially on the temperature of the wire with a mathematical form similar to the [[Arrhenius equation]]. This became known as Richardson's law: "If then the negative radiation is due to the corpuscles coming out of the metal, the saturation current ''s'' should obey the law <math>s = A\,T^{1/2}\,e^{-b/T}</math>."<ref>O. W. Richardson (1901) [http://books.google.com/books?id=QAUPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA286#v=onepage&q&f=false "On the negative radiation from hot platinum,"] ''Philosophical of the Cambridge Philosophical Society'', '''11''' : 286-295; see especially p. 287.</ref>
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| Richardson was professor at [[Princeton University]] from 1906 to 1913, and returned to the UK in 1914 to become Wheatstone Professor of Physics at [[King's College London]], where he was later made director of research. He retired in 1944, and died in 1959.
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| He also researched the [[photoelectric effect]], the [[Gyromagnetic ratio|gyromagnetic effect]], the emission of electrons by chemical reactions, soft [[X-rays]], and the spectrum of hydrogen.
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| Richardson married Lilian Wilson, sister of his Cavendish colleague [[Harold A. Wilson (physicist)|Harold Wilson]], in 1906, and had two sons and a daughter. Richardson's own sister married the American physicist (and 1937 Nobel laureate) [[Clinton Davisson]], who was Richardson's PhD student at Princeton. After Lilian's death in 1945, he was remarried in 1948 to Henriette Rupp, a physicist.
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| Owen Williams Richardson had a son Harold Owen Richardson who specialized in Nuclear Physics and was also the Chairman, Physics Department, Bedford College, London University and later on became emeritus Professor at London University.
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| ==Honours==
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| Richardson became a Fellow of the [[Royal Society]] in 1913, and was awarded its [[Hughes Medal]] in 1920. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1928, "for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him".<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1928/ Nobel prize citation, Nobel foundation website]</ref> He was knighted in 1939.
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| ==Bibliography==
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| *{{Citation | pmid=17818864 | last=Richardson | first= | publication-date=30 September 1921 | year=1921 | title=Problems Of Physics | volume=54 | issue=1396 | periodical= | pages=283–91 | doi=10.1126/science.54.1396.283 | journal=Science | first1=OW|bibcode = 1921Sci....54..283R }}
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| *{{Citation | pmid=17830216 | last=Richardson | first= | publication-date=11 July 1913 | year=1913 | title=The Emission Of Electrons From Tungsten At High Temperatures: An Experimental Proof That The Electric Current In Metals Is Carried By Electrons | volume=38 | issue=967 | periodical= | pages=57–61 | doi=10.1126/science.38.967.57 | journal=Science | first1=OW|bibcode = 1913Sci....38...57R }}
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| *{{Citation | pmid=17800821 | last=Richardson | first= | publication-date=12 July 1912 | year=1912 | title=The Laws Of Photoelectric Action And The Unitary Theory Of Light (Lichtquanten Theorie) | volume=36 | issue=915 | periodical= | pages=57–8 | doi=10.1126/science.36.915.57-a | journal=Science | first1=OW|bibcode = 1912Sci....36...57R }}
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| *{{Citation | pmid=17792421 | last=Richardson | first= | last2=Compton | first2= KT| publication-date=17 May 1912 | year=1912 | title=The Photoelectric Effect | volume=35 | issue=907 | periodical= | pages=783–4 | doi=10.1126/science.35.907.783 | journal=Science | first1=OW|bibcode = 1912Sci....35..783R }}
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1928/richardson-lecture.pdf Owen Richardson's Nobel lecture on thermionics, December 12, 1929]
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| {{Nobel Prize in Physics Laureates 1926-1950}}
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| {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| | NAME = Richardson, Owen Willans
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| | ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
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| | SHORT DESCRIPTION = British physicist
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| | DATE OF BIRTH = 26 April 1879
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| | PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Dewsbury]], [[Yorkshire]], [[England]]
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| | DATE OF DEATH = 15 February 1959
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| | PLACE OF DEATH = [[Alton, Hampshire]], [[England]]
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| }}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Richardson, Owen Willans}}
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| [[Category:1879 births]]
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| [[Category:1959 deaths]]
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| [[Category:Academics of King's College London]]
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| [[Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge]]
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| [[Category:British Nobel laureates]]
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| [[Category:English physicists]]
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| [[Category:Fellows of King's College London]]
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| [[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
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| [[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
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| [[Category:Nobel laureates in Physics]]
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| [[Category:People educated at Batley Grammar School]]
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| [[Category:People from Dewsbury]]
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| [[Category:Princeton University faculty]]
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| [[Category:Royal Medal winners]]
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| [[Category:Presidents of the Physical Society]]
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| [[Category:Theoretical physicists]]
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| [[Category:English Nobel laureates]]
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