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| {{Starbox begin
| | I would like to introduce myself to you, I am Jayson Simcox but I don't like when individuals use my full name. It's not a common thing but what she likes doing is to perform domino but she doesn't have the time lately. For many years she's been living in Kentucky but her spouse desires them to transfer. Invoicing is my profession.<br><br>Also [http://www.taehyuna.net/xe/?document_srl=78721 psychic solutions by lynne] visit my web-site psychic tarot card readings - [http://kpupf.com/xe/talk/735373 kpupf.com], solutions by lynne ([http://isaworld.pe.kr/?document_srl=392088 isaworld.pe.kr]) |
| | name=γ Aquilae
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| }}
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| {{Starbox image
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| | image =
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| <div style="position: relative">[[File:Aquila IAU.svg|250px|alt=Diagram showing star positions and boundaries of the Aquila constellation and its surroundings]]
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| <div style="position: absolute; left: 44.9%; top: 27.5%">[[File:Cercle rouge 100%.svg|12px]]</div>
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| </div>
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| | caption=Location of γ Aquilae (circled)
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| }}
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| {{Starbox observe
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| | epoch = J2000
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| | ra = {{RA|19|46|15.58029}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| | dec = {{DEC|+10|36|47.7408}}<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| | appmag_v = 2.712<ref name=saaoc8_59/>
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| | constell = [[Aquila (constellation)|Aquila]]
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| }}
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| {{Starbox character
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| | class = K3 II<ref name=araa11_29/>
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| | b-v = +1.500<ref name=saaoc8_59/>
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| | u-b = +1.720<ref name=saaoc8_59/>
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| | variable =
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| }}
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| {{Starbox astrometry
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| | radial_v = -2.79<ref name=aaa430_165/>
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| | prop_mo_ra = +16.99<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| | prop_mo_dec = -2.98<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| | parallax = 8.26
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| | p_error = 0.17
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| | parallax_footnote = <ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| | absmag_v = –3.38{{+-|0.24|0.22}}<ref name=aj135_3_892/>
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| }}
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| {{Starbox detail
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| | mass = {{nowrap|5.66 ± 0.66}}<ref name=an331_4_349/>
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| | radius = 95<ref name=lang2006/>
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| | luminosity = 2,538<ref name=an331_4_349/>
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| | temperature = 4,210<ref name=apjss74/>
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| | gravity = 1.63<ref name=apjss74/>
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| | metal_fe = –0.29<ref name=apjss74/>
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| | rotational_velocity = 8<ref name=csrv/>
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| | age_gyr =
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| }}
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| {{Starbox catalog
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| | names = Tarazed, Reda, 50 Aql, gam Aql, [[Durchmusterung|BD]]+10 4043, [[FK5]] 741, [[Henry Draper Catalogue|HD]] 186791, [[Hipparcos catalogue|HIP]] 97278, [[Bright Star Catalogue|HR]] 7525, [[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Star Catalog|SAO]] 105223.<ref name=SIMBAD/>
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| }}
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| {{Starbox reference
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| | Simbad=HD+186791
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| | ARICNS =
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| }}
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| {{Starbox reference
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| | Simbad=IDS+19415%2B1022
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| }}
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| {{Starbox end}}
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| '''Gamma Aquilae''' (γ Aql, γ Aquilae) is a [[star]] in the [[constellation]] [[Aquila (constellation)|Aquila]]. It has the traditional name '''Tarazed'''.<ref name=kaler/> This star has an [[apparent visual magnitude]] of 2.712,<ref name=saaoc8_59/> so it is readily visible to the naked eye at night. [[Parallax]] measurements place it at a distance of {{Convert|395|ly|pc|abbr=off|lk=on}} from [[Earth]].<ref name=aaa474_2_653/>
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| ==Properties==
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| [[File:Altair-Tarazed-heic0720c.jpg|Position of Tarazed relative to [[Altair]] (center)|thumb|left|140px]]
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| Gamma Aquilae is a relatively young star with an age of about 100 million years. Nevertheless, it has reached a stage of its [[stellar evolution|evolution]] where it has consumed the hydrogen at its core and expanded into what is termed a [[bright giant]] star, with a [[stellar classification]] of K3 II.<ref name=araa11_29/> The star is now burning [[helium]] into [[carbon]] in its core. After it has finished generating energy through nuclear fusion, Gamma Aquilae will become a [[white dwarf]].<ref name=kaler/>
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| The [[interferometry]]-measured [[angular diameter]] of Gamma Aquilae is {{nowrap|7.271 ± 0.073 [[milliarcseconds|mas]]}},<ref name=aj126_5_2502/> which, at its estimated distance, equates to a physical radius of about 95 times the [[Solar radius|radius of the Sun]].<ref name=lang2006/> With almost six times the [[solar mass|Sun's mass]], this is an enormous star that is radiating over 2,500 times the luminosity of the Sun.<ref name=an331_4_349/> An [[effective temperature]] of 4,210 K in its outer envelope gives it the orange hue typical of K-type stars.<ref name=apjss74/><ref name=csiro/>
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| ==In culture==
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| The traditional name '''Tarazed''' may derive from [[Persian language|Persian]] شاهين ترازو ''šāhin tarāzu'' "the beam of the scale", referring to an [[asterism (astronomy)|asterism]] of the Scale, [[Alpha Aquilae|α]], [[Beta Aquilae|β]] and γ Aquillae. Persian ''šāhīn'' means "royal falcon", "beam", and "pointer", and gave its name (as "falcon") to [[Beta Aquilae]]. In the catalogue of stars in the ''Calendarium of Al Achsasi Al Mouakket'', this star was designated '''Menkib al Nesr''' ('''منكب ألنسر''' - ''mankib al-nasr''), which was translated into [[Latin]] as '''Humerus Vulturis''', meaning ''the eagle's shoulder''.<ref>{{cite journal
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| | last=Knobel | first=E. B.
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| | title=Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, on a catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Mohammad Al Achsasi Al Mouakket
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| | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
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| | volume=55 | page=429 |date=June 1895
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| | bibcode=1895MNRAS..55..429K }}</ref>
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| In [[Chinese language|Chinese]], {{lang|zh|河鼓}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Hé Gŭ}}), meaning ''[[Ox (Chinese constellation)|River Drum]]'', refers to an asterism consisting of γ Aquilae, [[Beta Aquilae|β Aquilae]] and [[Altair]].<ref>{{zh icon}} ''中國星座神話'', written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.</ref> Consequently, γ Aquilae itself is known as {{lang|zh|河鼓三}} ({{lang|zh-Latn|Hé Gŭ sān}}, {{lang-en|the Third Star of River Drum}}.)<ref>{{zh icon}} [http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/CE/Museum/Space/Research/StarName/c_research_chinengstars_t_z.htm 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表], Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.</ref> In Chinese mythology, [[The Jade Emperor#The princess and the cowherd|The Princess and the Cowherd]], this star and [[Beta Aquilae|β Aql]], are children of Niulang (牛郎, The Cowherd, [[Altair]]) and Zhinü (織女, The Princess, [[Vega]]).
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| The Koori people of Victoria knew β and γ Aquilae as the [[Black Swan]] wives of ''Bunjil'' (Altair), the [[Wedge-tailed Eagle]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Mudrooroo|title=Aboriginal mythology : an A-Z spanning the history of aboriginal mythology from the earliest legends to the present day|publisher=HarperCollins|location=London|year=1994|page=4|isbn=1-85538-306-3}}</ref>
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|30em|refs=
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| <ref name=aaa474_2_653>{{citation | first=F. | last=van Leeuwen |date=November 2007 | title=Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=474 | issue=2 | pages=653–664 | bibcode=2007A&A...474..653V | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20078357 |arxiv = 0708.1752 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=apjss74>{{citation | last1=McWilliam | first1=Andrew | title=High-resolution spectroscopic survey of 671 GK giants. I - Stellar atmosphere parameters and abundances | journal=Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series | volume=74 | pages=1075–1128 |date=December 1990 | doi=10.1086/191527 | bibcode=1990ApJS...74.1075M }}</ref>
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| <ref name=araa11_29>{{citation | last1=Morgan | first1=W. W. | last2=Keenan | first2=P. C. | title=Spectral Classification | journal=Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=11 | issue=1 | page=29 | year=1973 | doi=10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333 | bibcode=1973ARA&A..11...29M }}</ref>
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| <ref name=aaa430_165>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Famaey | first1=B. | last2=Jorissen | first2=A. | last3=Luri | first3=X. | last4=Mayor | first4=M. | last5=Udry | first5=S. | last6=Dejonghe | first6=H. | last7=Turon | first7=C. | title=Local kinematics of K and M giants from CORAVEL/Hipparcos/Tycho-2 data. Revisiting the concept of superclusters | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=430 | issue=1 | pages=165–186 |date=January 2005 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20041272 | bibcode=2005A&A...430..165F |arxiv = astro-ph/0409579 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=csrv>{{citation | last1=Bernacca | first1=P. L. | last2=Perinotto | first2=M. | title=A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities | journal=Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago | volume=239 | issue=1 | year=1970 | bibcode=1970CoAsi.239....1B }}</ref>
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| <ref name=saaoc8_59>{{citation | last1=Cousins | first1=A. W. J. | title=Standardization of Broadband Photometry of Equatorial Standards | journal=South African Astronomical Observatory Circulars | volume=8 | page=59 | year=1984 | bibcode=1984SAAOC...8...59C }}</ref>
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| <ref name=SIMBAD>{{citation | title=TARAZED -- Star in double system | work=SIMBAD | publisher=Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg | url=http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=Gamma+Aquilae | accessdate=2012-01-09 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=an331_4_349>{{citation | last1=Hohle | first1=M. M. | last2=Neuhäuser | first2=R. | last3=Schutz | first3=B. F. | title=Masses and luminosities of O- and B-type stars and red supergiants | journal=Astronomische Nachrichten | volume=331 | issue=4 | page=349 |date=April 2010 | doi=10.1002/asna.200911355 | bibcode=2010AN....331..349H |arxiv = 1003.2335 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=aj126_5_2502>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Mozurkewich | first1=D. | last2=Armstrong | first2=J. T. | last3=Hindsley | first3=R. B. | last4=Quirrenbach | first4=A. | last5=Hummel | first5=C. A. | last6=Hutter | first6=D. J. | last7=Johnston | first7=K. J. | last8=Hajian | first8=A. R. | last9=Elias | first9=Nicholas M., II | title=Angular Diameters of Stars from the Mark III Optical Interferometer | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=126 | issue=5 | pages=2502–2520 |date=November 2003 | doi=10.1086/378596 | bibcode=2003AJ....126.2502M }}</ref>
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| <ref name=lang2006>{{citation | first1=Kenneth R. | last1=Lang | title=Astrophysical formulae | volume=1 | series=Astronomy and astrophysics library | edition=3 | publisher=Birkhäuser | year=2006 | isbn=3-540-29692-1 | url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OvTjLcQ4MCQC&pg=PA41 }}. The radius (R<sub>*</sub>) is given by:
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| :<math>\begin{align} 2\cdot R_*
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| & = \frac{(10^{-3}\cdot 121\cdot 7.271)\ \text{AU}}{0.0046491\ \text{AU}/R_{\bigodot}} \\
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| & \approx 189.2\cdot R_{\bigodot}
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| \end{align}</math></ref>
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| <ref name=kaler>{{citation | first1=James B. | last1=Kaler | title=TARAZED (Gamma Aquilae) | work=Stars | publisher=University of Illinois | url=http://stars.astro.illinois.edu/sow/tarazed.html | accessdate=2012-01-10 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=csiro>{{citation | title=The Colour of Stars | date=December 21, 2004 | work=Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education | publisher=Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation | url=http://outreach.atnf.csiro.au/education/senior/astrophysics/photometry_colour.html | accessdate=2012-01-16 }}</ref>
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| <ref name=aj135_3_892>{{citation | display-authors=1 | last1=Carney | first1=Bruce W. | last2=Gray | first2=David F. | last3=Yong | first3=David | last4=Latham | first4=David W. | last5=Manset | first5=Nadine | last6=Zelman | first6=Rachel | last7=Laird | first7=John B. | title=Rotation and Macroturbulence in Metal-Poor Field Red Giant and Red Horizontal Branch Stars | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=135 | issue=3 | pages=892–906 |date=March 2008 | doi=10.1088/0004-6256/135/3/892 | bibcode=2008AJ....135..892C |arxiv = 0711.4984 }}</ref>
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| ==External links==
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| * [http://www.constellationsofwords.com/stars/Tarazed.html Tarazed]
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| * [http://www.scenta.co.uk/tcaep/nonxml/astronomy/constellations/19460060.htm Tarazed]
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| * [http://webviz.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-out.add=.&-source=HR&HR=7525 HR 7525]
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| * [http://aladin.u-strasbg.fr/AladinPreview?-c=NAME+TARAZED&ident=NAME+TARAZED&submit=Aladin+previewer Image Gamma Aquilae]
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| {{Stars of Aquila}}
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| [[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects]]
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| [[Category:Spectroscopic binaries]]
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| [[Category:Bayer objects|Aquilae, Gamma]]
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| [[Category:Aquila (constellation)]]
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| [[Category:K-type bright giants]]
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| [[Category:Stars with proper names]]
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