|
|
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| [[Image:Alveoli.svg|thumb|300px|Gaseous exchange in the lung.]]
| | The name of the writer is Figures but it's not the most masucline title out there. My family members life in Minnesota and my family enjoys it. I am a meter reader. To collect coins is what his family and him enjoy.<br><br>Also visit my web blog; [http://www.revleft.com/vb/member.php?u=160656 revleft.com] |
| '''Respiratory physiology''' is the branch of [[human physiology]] focusing upon [[Respiration (physiology)|respiration]].
| |
| | |
| Topics include:
| |
| | |
| ==Volumes==
| |
| | |
| * [[lung volumes]]
| |
| * [[vital capacity]]
| |
| * [[functional residual capacity]]
| |
| * [[dead space (physiology)|dead space]]
| |
| * [[spirometry]]
| |
| * [[body plethysmography]]
| |
| * [[peak flow meter]]
| |
| | |
| ==Mechanics==
| |
| [[Image:Gray965.png|thumb|80px|Front view of thorax.]]
| |
| | |
| Inhalation (breathing in) is usually an active movement. The contraction of the diaphragm muscles cause a pressure variation, which is equal to the pressures caused by elastic, resistive and inertial components of the respiratory system. In contrast, expiration (breathing out) is usually a passive process.
| |
| | |
| <math>
| |
| \begin{align}
| |
| P &= P_{el} + P_{re} + P_{in} \\
| |
| P &= EV + R\dot{V} + I\ddot{V}
| |
| \end{align}
| |
| </math>
| |
| | |
| Where P<sub>el</sub> equals the product of [[elastance]] E (inverse of [[Pulmonary compliance|compliance]]) and volume of the system V, P<sub>re</sub> equals the product of flow [[Airway resistance|resistance]] R and time derivate of volume V (which is equivalent to the flow), P<sub>in</sub> equals the product of [[inertance]] I and second time derivate of V. R and I are sometimes referred to as Rohrer's constants.
| |
| | |
| * Anatomy: [[pleural cavity]], [[thoracic diaphragm]], [[Intercostales externi muscles]], [[Intercostales interni muscles]]
| |
| * [[inhalation]] and [[exhalation]]
| |
| * [[lung]], [[pulmonary alveolus]]
| |
| * With insufficient [[pulmonary surfactant]], the [[pulmonary alveolus|pulmonary alveoli]] collapse, causing [[atelectasis]] (in infants, [[infant respiratory distress syndrome]])
| |
| * the [[law of Laplace]],
| |
| * [[compliance (physiology)]] - decreased with [[fibrosis]], increased with [[emphysema]]<ref>[http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Compliance/Compliance.HTML Compliance<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| |
| * [[Poiseuille's law]]
| |
| * [[asthma]] and [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]]
| |
| * [[hysteresivity]]
| |
| | |
| ==Circulation, ventilation, and perfusion==
| |
| [[Image:Illu_pulmonary_circuit.jpg|thumb|80px|Pulmonary circulation]]
| |
| * [[pulmonary circulation]]
| |
| * [[positive pressure ventilation]]
| |
| * [[hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction|hypoxic vasoconstriction]]
| |
| * [[ventilation (physiology)]], [[perfusion]], [[ventilation/perfusion ratio]] (V/Q), and [[ventilation/perfusion scan]]
| |
| * shunts: right-to-left ([[tetralogy of fallot]]), left-to-right ([[patent ductus arteriosus]])
| |
| * [[respiratory rate]] and [[respirometer]]
| |
| | |
| ==Gas exchange/transport (primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide)==
| |
| [[Image:Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve.png|thumb|80px|Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve]]
| |
| * [[gas exchange]]
| |
| * [[Dalton's law]]
| |
| * [[hemoglobin]]
| |
| * [[oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve]], [[Bohr effect]], [[Haldane effect]]
| |
| * [[carbonic anhydrase]]
| |
| * [[oxyhemoglobin]]
| |
| * [[respiratory quotient]]
| |
| * [[arterial blood gas]]
| |
| | |
| ==Control and response==
| |
| [[Image:Gray768.png|thumb|80px|Pons]]
| |
| * [[control of respiration]]
| |
| * [[reticular formation]]
| |
| * [[pons]] (apneuistic and pneumotaxic)
| |
| * [[chemoreceptors]] ([[medulla oblongata|medulla]], [[carotid body]], [[aortic body]])
| |
| * [[Hering-Breuer reflex]]
| |
| * [[involuntary control of respiration]]
| |
| * [[exercise]]
| |
| * [[hyperoxia]]
| |
| * [[hypoxemia]] ([[hypoxic hypoxia]])
| |
| | |
| ==Disorders==
| |
| * [[altitude sickness]]
| |
| * [[asthma]]
| |
| * [[carbon monoxide poisoning]]
| |
| * [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
| |
| * [[emphysema]]
| |
| * [[infant respiratory distress syndrome]]
| |
| * [[pulmonary edema]]
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| * [[Breath sounds]]
| |
| * [[Pulmonology]]
| |
| * [[Respiratory monitoring]]
| |
| * [[Respiratory system]]
| |
| * [[Wikipedia:MeSH G09#MeSH G09.772 --- respiratory physiology]]
| |
| | |
| ==Additional images==
| |
| <gallery>
| |
| Image:Surface tension and lung volume.jpg
| |
| Image:Curvon1.jpg
| |
| Image:Curvon2.jpg
| |
| Image:IPP lungs.jpg
| |
| </gallery>
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| <references/>
| |
| | |
| ==External links==
| |
| * [http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/index.HTML Overview] at [[Johns Hopkins University]]
| |
| | |
| * [http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app//id426038414?mt=8 Clinical Sciences - Respiratory] An iPhone app covering detailed respiratory physiology and anatomy
| |
| | |
| {{Respiratory physiology}}
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Respiratory physiology|*]]
| |
The name of the writer is Figures but it's not the most masucline title out there. My family members life in Minnesota and my family enjoys it. I am a meter reader. To collect coins is what his family and him enjoy.
Also visit my web blog; revleft.com