en>Reach Out to the Truth |
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| [[Image:Mf2k 1 17.png|thumb|220px|MODFLOW simulation]]
| | She is known by the title of Myrtle Shryock. Bookkeeping is my profession. One of the issues she enjoys most is to do aerobics and now she is trying to make money with it. For years he's been living in North Dakota and his family enjoys it.<br><br>Review my blog post - [http://www.videoworld.com/blog/211112 over the counter std test] |
| '''MODFLOW''' is the [[United States Geological Survey|U.S. Geological Survey]] modular [[finite difference|finite-difference]] flow model, which is a computer [[source code|code]] that [[iterative method|solves]] the [[groundwater flow equation]]. The program is used by [[hydrogeology|hydrogeologists]] to simulate the flow of [[groundwater]] through [[aquifer]]s. The code is [[public domain]] [[free software]], written primarily in [[Fortran]], and can compile and run on [[Microsoft Windows]] or [[Unix-like]] operating systems.
| |
| | |
| [[Image:MODFLOW 3D grid.png|thumb|220px|3-dimensional grid]]
| |
| Since its original development in the early 1980s,<ref name="mcdonald03">{{cite journal |author=McDonald M.G. and Harbaugh, A.W. |year=2003 |title=The History of MODFLOW |journal=Ground Water |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=280–283 |doi=10.1111/j.1745-6584.2003.tb02591.x |pmid=12656294 }}</ref> the USGS have released four major releases, and is now considered to be the ''de facto'' standard code for aquifer simulation. There are several actively developed commercial and non-commercial [[graphical user interface]]s for MODFLOW.
| |
| | |
| == Groundwater flow equation ==
| |
| The governing [[partial differential equation]] for a confined aquifer used in MODFLOW is:
| |
| | |
| :<math>\frac{\partial}{\partial x} \left[ K_{xx} \frac{\partial h}{\partial x} \right] + \frac{\partial}{\partial y} \left[ K_{yy} \frac{\partial h}{\partial y} \right] + \frac{\partial}{\partial z} \left[ K_{zz} \frac{\partial h}{\partial z} \right] + W = S_{S} \frac{\partial h}{\partial t}</math>
| |
| | |
| where
| |
| *<math>K_{xx}</math>, <math>K_{yy}</math> and <math>K_{zz}</math> are the values of [[hydraulic conductivity]] along the ''x'', ''y'', and ''z'' coordinate axes (L/T)
| |
| *<math>h</math> is the potentiometric [[head (hydraulic)|head]] (L)
| |
| *<math>W</math> is a [[volumetric flux]] per unit volume representing sources and/or sinks of water, where ''negative'' values are [[water abstraction|extractions]], and ''positive'' values are [[Injection well|injections]] (T<sup>−1</sup>)
| |
| *<math>S_{S}</math> is the [[specific storage]] of the porous material (L<sup>−1</sup>); and
| |
| *<math>t\,</math> is time (T)
| |
| | |
| ===Finite difference===
| |
| | |
| The [[finite difference]] form of the partial differential in a [[Discrete space|discretized]] aquifer domain (represented using rows, columns and layers) is:
| |
| :<math>\begin{align}
| |
| & \mathit{CR}_{i,j-\tfrac{1}{2},k}\left(h^m_{i,j-1,k}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) +
| |
| \mathit{CR}_{i,j+\tfrac{1}{2},k}\left(h^m_{i,j+1,k}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) + \\
| |
| & \mathit{CC}_{i-\tfrac{1}{2},j,k}\left(h^m_{i-1,j,k}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) +
| |
| \mathit{CC}_{i+\tfrac{1}{2},j,k}\left(h^m_{i+1,j,k}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) + \\
| |
| & \mathit{CV}_{i,j,k-\tfrac{1}{2}}\left(h^m_{i,j,k-1}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) +
| |
| \mathit{CV}_{i,j,k+\tfrac{1}{2}}\left(h^m_{i,j,k+1}-h^m_{i,j,k}\right) + \\
| |
| & P_{i,j,k}\,h^m_{i,j,k} + Q_{i,j,k} = \mathit{SS}_{i,j,k}\left(\Delta r_j \Delta c_i \Delta v_k\right)
| |
| \frac{h^m_{i,j,k}-h^{m-1}_{i,j,k}}{t^m-t^{m-1}}
| |
| \end{align}</math>
| |
| where
| |
| :<math>h^m_{i,j,k}\,</math> is the [[hydraulic head]] at cell ''i'',''j'',''k'' at time step ''m''
| |
| :''CV'', ''CR'' and ''CC'' are the hydraulic conductances, or branch conductances between node ''i'',''j'',''k'' and a neighboring node
| |
| :<math>P_{i,j,k}\,</math> is the sum of coefficients of head from source and sink terms
| |
| :<math>Q_{i,j,k}\,</math> is the sum of constants from source and sink terms, where <math>Q_{i,j,k}<0.0\,</math> is flow out of the groundwater system (such as pumping) and <math>Q_{i,j,k}>0.0\,</math> is flow in (such as injection)
| |
| :<math>\mathit{SS}_{i,j,k}\,</math> is the [[specific storage]]
| |
| :<math>\Delta r_j\Delta c_i\Delta v_k\,</math> are the dimensions of cell ''i'',''j'',''k'', which, when multiplied, represent the volume of the cell; and
| |
| :<math>t^m\,</math> is the time at time step ''m''
| |
| | |
| This equation is formulated into a system of equations to be solved as:
| |
| :<math>\begin{align}
| |
| &\mathit{CV}_{i,j,k-\tfrac{1}{2}} h^m_{i,j,k-1} +
| |
| \mathit{CC}_{i-\tfrac{1}{2},j,k} h^m_{i-1,j,k} +
| |
| \mathit{CR}_{i,j-\tfrac{1}{2},k} h^m_{i,j-1,k} \\
| |
| &+ \left(
| |
| - \mathit{CV}_{i,j,k-\tfrac{1}{2}} - \mathit{CC}_{i-\tfrac{1}{2},j,k} - \mathit{CR}_{i,j-\tfrac{1}{2},k}
| |
| - \mathit{CR}_{i,j+\tfrac{1}{2},k} - \mathit{CC}_{i+\tfrac{1}{2},j,k} - \mathit{CV}_{i,j,k+\tfrac{1}{2}}
| |
| + \mathit{HCOF}_{i,j,k}\right) h^m_{i,j,k} \\
| |
| &+ \mathit{CR}_{i,j+\tfrac{1}{2},k} h^m_{i,j+1,k}
| |
| + \mathit{CC}_{i+\tfrac{1}{2},j,k} h^m_{i+1,j,k}
| |
| + \mathit{CV}_{i,j,k+\tfrac{1}{2}} h^m_{i,j,k+1}
| |
| = \mathit{RHS}_{i,j,k}
| |
| \end{align}</math>
| |
| where
| |
| :<math>\begin{align}
| |
| \mathit{HCOF}_{i,j,k} &= P_{i,j,k} - \frac{\mathit{SS}_{i,j,k}\Delta r_j \Delta c_i \Delta_k}{t^m-t^{m-1}} \\
| |
| \mathit{RHS}_{i,j,k} &= -Q_{i,j,k} - \mathit{SS}_{i,j,k}\Delta r_j \Delta c_i \Delta v_k \frac{h^{m-1}_{i,j,k}}{t^m-t^{m-1}}
| |
| \end{align}</math>
| |
| or in matrix form as:
| |
| :<math>A\bold{h}=\bold{q}</math>
| |
| where
| |
| :''A'' is a matrix of the coefficients of head for all active nodes in the grid
| |
| :<math>\bold{h}</math> is a vector of head values at the end of time step m for all nodes in the grid; and
| |
| :<math>\bold{q}</math> is a vector of the constant terms, ''RHS'', for all nodes of the grid.
| |
| | |
| ===Limitations===
| |
| | |
| * The water must have a constant [[density]], [[dynamic viscosity]] (and consequently [[temperature]]) throughout the modelling domain ([http://water.usgs.gov/ogw/seawat/ SEAWAT] is a modified version of MODFLOW which is designed for density-dependent groundwater flow and transport)
| |
| | |
| {| align="right"
| |
| | <math> \mathbf{K} = \begin{bmatrix} K_{xx} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & K_{yy} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & K_{zz}\end{bmatrix} \ </math>
| |
| |}
| |
| * The principal components of [[anisotropy]] of the [[hydraulic conductivity]] used in MODFLOW is displayed on the right. This [[tensor]] does not allow non-[[orthogonal]] anisotropies, as could be expected from flow in [[Fracture (geology)|fractures]]. Horizontal anisotropy for an entire layer can be represented by the coefficient "TRPY" (Data Item 3 Page 153.<ref name="mcdonald83">{{cite book |author=McDonald, M.G., and Harbaugh, A.W. |date=December 28, 1983 |title=A modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |series=Open-File Report 83-875 |url=http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/ofr/ofr83875}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| == Versions ==
| |
| | |
| [[Image:modflow original.png|thumb|right|Cover image from McDonald & Harbaugh (1983),<ref name="mcdonald83" /> which illustrates a computer surrounded by modules and [[Array data structure|array]]s used by MODFLOW. This was said at the time to resemble a "[[Audio equipment|component stereo system]]".]]
| |
| | |
| === "Modular Model" ===
| |
| The USGS throughout the 1970s had developed several hundred models, written in different dialects of FORTRAN. At the time, it was common practice to rewrite a new model to fit the need of a new groundwater scenario. The concept for MODFLOW was originally designed in 1981 to provide a common ''modular'' groundwater model, which could be compiled on multiple platforms without major (or any) modification, and can read and write common formats. Different aspects of the groundwater system would be handled using the modules, similar to the idea of a "[[Audio equipment|component stereo system]]". The original name of the code was "The USGS Modular Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Ground-Water Flow Model", or informally as "The Modular Model." The name MODFLOW was coined several years after the initial code development, which started in 1981.<ref name="mcdonald03" />
| |
| | |
| The first version of MODFLOW<ref name="mcdonald83"/> was published on December 28, 1983, and was coded entirely in [[Fortran#FORTRAN 66|FORTRAN 66]]. The source code for this version is listed in USGS Open File Report 83-875 referred to above.
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| | |
| === MODFLOW-88 ===
| |
| This version of MODFLOW<ref>{{cite book |author=McDonald, M.G., and Harbaugh, A.W. |year=1988 |title=A modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |series=Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 6 |url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/twri/twri6a1/ |format=PDF}}</ref> was rewritten in [[Fortran#FORTRAN 77|FORTRAN 77]], and was originally released on July 24, 1987. The current version of [http://water.usgs.gov/software/modflow-88.html MODFLOW-88] is 2.6, released on September 20, 1996.
| |
| | |
| ''MODPATH'', was initially developed in 1989 to post-process the [[steady state|steady-state]] MODFLOW-88 data to determine three-dimensional [[pathline]]s of particles. This innovation has been indispensable for the fields of [[contaminant]] [[hydrogeology]]. It is still used as a post-processor in recent versions of MODFLOW.
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| | |
| A separate program, ''MODFLOWP'', was developed in 1992 to estimate various ''parameters'' used in MODFLOW. This program was eventually built into MODFLOW-2000.
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| | |
| === MODFLOW-96 ===
| |
| MODFLOW-96 (version 3.0) was originally released on December 3, 1996, and is a cleaned-up and revised continuation of MODFLOW-88.<ref>{{cite book |author=Harbaugh, A.W., and McDonald, M.G. |year=1996a |title=User's documentation for MODFLOW-96, an update to the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |series=Open-File Report 96-485 |url=http://water.usgs.gov/software/code/ground_water/modflow/doc/ofr96485.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Harbaugh, A.W., and McDonald, M.G. |year=1996 |title=Programmer's documentation for MODFLOW-96, an update to the U.S. Geological Survey modular finite-difference ground-water flow model |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |series=Open-File Report 96-486 |url=http://water.usgs.gov/software/code/ground_water/modflow/doc/ofr96486.pdf}}</ref> There are three final releases of MODFLOW-96:
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/software/modflow-96.html MODFLOW-96] (version 3.3, May 2, 2000)
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow/modflow-96h.htm MODFLOW-96h] (version 3.3h, July 10, 2000), with HYDMOD package
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/software/Modflowp.html MODFLOWP] (version 3.2, Oct 9, 1997), MODFLOW-96 with parameter-estimation
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| | |
| Several graphical interfaces were first developed using the MODFLOW-96 code.
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| | |
| === MODFLOW-2000 ===
| |
| MODFLOW-2000 (version 1.0; version numbering was reset) was released on July 20, 2000, which merged MODFLOWP and HYDMOD codes into the main program.<ref>{{cite book |author=Harbaugh, A.W., Banta, E.R., Hill, M.C., and McDonald, M.G. |year=2000 |title=MODFLOW-2000, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model — User guide to modularization concepts and the Ground-Water Flow Process |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |series=Open-File Report 00-92 |url=http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2000/ofr00-92.pdf}}</ref> Many new packages and enhancements were also included, including new solvers, stream and saturated flow packages. The internal design concepts also changed from previous versions, such that ''packages'', ''processes'' and ''modules'' are distinct. This version was coded in a mixture of FORTRAN 77, [[Fortran#Fortran 90|Fortran 90]], and [[C (programming language)|C]]. MODFLOW-2000 can also be compiled for [[parallel computing]], which can allow multiple [[central processing unit|processor]]s to be used to increase model complexity and/or reduce simulation time.
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| | |
| The final version of [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2000/modflow2000.html MODFLOW-2000] (or ''MF2K'') is version 1.19.01, released on March 25, 2010. There are four related or [[Branch (computer science)|branched]] codes based on MODFLOW-2000:
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2k-gwm/MF2K-GWM.html MF2K-GWM or GWM-2000] (version 1.1.4, May 31, 2011, branched from mf2k 1.17.2), with groundwater management capability using optimization
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2k-fmp/mf2kfmp.html MF2K-FMP] (version 1.00, May 19, 2006, based on mf2k 1.15.03), with Farm Process
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2k_gwt/mf2k_gwt.html MF2K-GWT] (version 1.9.8, October 28, 2008, based on MF2K 1.17.02), groundwater flow and solute-transport model
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/ogw/seawat/ SEAWAT] (version 4.00.05, October 19, 2012), variable-density flow and transport processes
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2k_vsf/vsf.html VSF] (version 1.01, July 5, 2006), variably saturated flow
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| | |
| === MODFLOW-2005 ===
| |
| This is the current version of MODFLOW.<ref>{{cite book |first=Arlen W. |last=Harbaugh |title=MODFLOW-2005, The U.S. Geological Survey Modular Ground-Water Model—the Ground-Water Flow Process |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |year=2005 |series=Techniques and Methods 6–A16 |url=http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2005/tm6A16/}}</ref> It is written primarily in Fortran 90 and C.
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| | |
| The current version of [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2005/modflow2005.html MODFLOW-2005] is version 1.11.00, released on Aug. 8, 2013. Related or branched codes include:
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/ogw/cfp/cfp.htm MODFLOW-CFP] (version 1.8.00, February 23, 2011), conduit flow process to simulate turbulent or laminar groundwater flow conditions
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2005_lgr/mflgr.html MODFLOW-LGR] (version 1.2, May 18, 2010), local grid refinement
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2005_gwm/MF2005-GWM.html GWM-2005] (version 1.4.2, March 25, 2013), groundwater management capability using optimization
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| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mf2005_fmp/mf2005_fmp.html MF2005-FMP2] (version 1.0.00, October 28, 2009), estimate dynamically integrated supply-and-demand components of irrigated agriculture as part of the simulation of surface-water and ground-water flow
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow_nwt/ModflowNwt.html MODFLOW-NWT] (version 1.0.7, January 15, 2013), Newton formulation for solving problems involving drying and rewetting nonlinearities of the unconfined groundwater-flow equation
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| | |
| == Packages ==
| |
| {| class="wikitable"
| |
| ! Name
| |
| ! Long name
| |
| ! Version introduced
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Required packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | BAS
| |
| | Basic Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | DIS
| |
| | Discretization
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | OC
| |
| | Output Control
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Groundwater flow packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | BCF
| |
| | Block-Centered Flow Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | LPF
| |
| | Layer-Property Flow Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | HUF
| |
| | Hydrogeologic Unit Flow Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.1)
| |
| |-
| |
| | HFB
| |
| | Horizontal Flow Barrier Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-88
| |
| |-
| |
| | SWI2
| |
| | Seawater Intrusion Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2005 (1.11)
| |
| |-
| |
| | UPW
| |
| | Upstream Weighting Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-NWT (1.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | UZF
| |
| | Unsaturated-Zone Flow Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2005 (1.2)
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Specified [[head (hydraulic)|Head]] boundary packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | CHD
| |
| | Constant-Head Boundary / Time-Variant Specified-Head
| |
| | MODFLOW-88
| |
| |-
| |
| | FHB
| |
| | Flow and Head Boundary Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-96 (3.2)
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Specified flux boundary packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | FHB
| |
| | Flow and Head Boundary Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-96 (3.2)
| |
| |-
| |
| | RCH
| |
| | [[Groundwater recharge|Recharge]] Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | WEL
| |
| | [[Water well|Well]] Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''[[head (hydraulic)|Head]]-dependent flux boundary packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | DAF
| |
| | DAFLOW
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.11)
| |
| |-
| |
| | DRN
| |
| | [[Drainage|Drain]] Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | DRT
| |
| | Drain Return Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.1)
| |
| |-
| |
| | ETS
| |
| | Evapotranspiration Segments Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.1)
| |
| |-
| |
| | EVT
| |
| | [[Evapotranspiration]] Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | GHB
| |
| | General-Head Boundary Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | LAK
| |
| | [[Lake]] Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.1)
| |
| |-
| |
| | MNW
| |
| | Multi-Node, Drawdown-Limited Well Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.11)
| |
| |-
| |
| | RES
| |
| | [[Reservoir (water)|Reservoir]] Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-88 (2.6)
| |
| |-
| |
| | RIV
| |
| | [[River]] Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | SFR
| |
| | Streamflow-Routing Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.14.00)
| |
| |-
| |
| | STR
| |
| | [[Stream]] Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-88
| |
| |-
| |
| | SWR
| |
| | Surface-Water Routing Process
| |
| | MODFLOW-NWT 1.08
| |
| |-
| |
| | UZF
| |
| | Unsaturated-Zone Flow Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2005 (1.2)
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''[[Solver]]s''
| |
| |-
| |
| | DE4
| |
| | Direct Solver Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-88 (2.5)
| |
| |-
| |
| | GMG
| |
| | Geometric Multigrid Solver
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.15.00)
| |
| |-
| |
| | LMG
| |
| | Link-AMG Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.4) {{r|group=Note|LMG}}
| |
| |-
| |
| | NWT
| |
| | Newton
| |
| | MODFLOW-NWT (1.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | PCG
| |
| | Preconditioned Conjugate-Gradient Package
| |
| | MODFLOW-88
| |
| |-
| |
| | PCGN
| |
| | Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Solver with Improved Nonlinear Control
| |
| | MODFLOW-2005 (1.9.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | SIP
| |
| | Strongly Implicit Procedure Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| | SOR
| |
| | Slice Successive Over-Relaxation Package
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Miscellaneous packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | GAG
| |
| | Gage
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | HYD
| |
| | HYDMOD
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.1)
| |
| |-
| |
| | IBS
| |
| | Interbed-Storage
| |
| | MODFLOW-88
| |
| |-
| |
| | KDEP
| |
| | Hydraulic-Conductivity Depth-Dependence Capability
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.12)
| |
| |-
| |
| | LMT
| |
| | Link-MT3DMS
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.5)
| |
| |-
| |
| | LVDA
| |
| | Model-Layer Variable-Direction Horizontal Anisotropy Capability
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.12)
| |
| |-
| |
| | SUB
| |
| | Subsidence and Aquifer-System Compaction
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.12)
| |
| |-
| |
| | SWT
| |
| | Subsidence and Aquifer-System Compaction Package for Water-Table Aquifers
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.18)
| |
| |-
| |
| | UTL
| |
| | Utility
| |
| | original
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Observation process input files''
| |
| |-
| |
| | OBS
| |
| | Input File For All Observations
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | HOB
| |
| | Head-Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | DROB
| |
| | Drain Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | DTOB
| |
| | Drain Return Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | RVOB
| |
| | River Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | GBOB
| |
| | General-Head-Boundary Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | CHOB
| |
| | Constant-Head Flow Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| | ADV
| |
| | Advective-Transport Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000 (1.0)
| |
| |-
| |
| | STOB
| |
| | Stream Observation
| |
| | MODFLOW-2000
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="3" | ''Obsolete packages''
| |
| |-
| |
| | GFD
| |
| | General Finite-Difference
| |
| | MODFLOW-88 to 96
| |
| |-
| |
| | TLK
| |
| | Transient Leakage
| |
| | MODFLOW-88 to 96
| |
| |}
| |
| {{reflist|group=Note|refs=
| |
| <ref name=LMG>Due to licensing restrictions, the USGS is no longer able to publicly distribute the Algebraic Multi-Grid</ref>
| |
| }}
| |
| | |
| == Graphical user interfaces ==
| |
| There are several graphical interfaces to MODFLOW, which often include the compiled MODFLOW code with modifications. These programs aid the input of data for creating MODFLOW models.
| |
| | |
| === Non-commercial interfaces ===
| |
| Non-commercial MODFLOW versions are free, however, their licensing usually limit the use to non-profit educational or research purposes.
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/mfgui4/modflow-gui.html MODFLOW-GUI] – Made by the USGS: it is updated often to match the current USGS MODFLOW development. It supports MODFLOW-96, MODFLOW-2000, MODFLOW-2005, MODPATH, ZONEBUDGET, GWT, MT3DMS, SEAWAT, and GWM. Source code for MODFLOW-GUI is included. It depends on [http://www.argusone.com/ Argus ONE]: a commercial interface for constructing generic models. There are no license restrictions beyond those of Argus ONE.
| |
| * [http://www.pmwin.net/ PMWIN] – "Processing MODFLOW" (for [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]) – powerful freeware for MODFLOW processing and visualization, provided alongside an instructional book;<ref name="PMWIN">{{cite book |author=Wen-Hsing Chiang |title=3D-Groundwater Modeling with PMWIN |year=2005 |edition=Second |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-540-27590-9 |doi=10.1007/3-540-27592-4}}</ref> also available in [[Traditional Chinese]]. The license for this version is limited to non-commercial use.
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/ModelMuse/ModelMuse.html ModelMuse] is a grid-independent graphical user interface from the USGS for MODFLOW-2005, MODPATH, and PHAST. There are no license restrictions. The source code is included.
| |
| * [http://code.google.com/p/mflab/ mflab] - mflab is a [[MATLAB]] interface to MODFLOW. The user builds and analyzes models by writing a set of MATLAB scripts. This results in flexible and efficient workflows, allowing a great deal of automation.
| |
| | |
| === Commercial programs ===
| |
| Commercial MODFLOW programs are typically used by governments and [[consultant]]s for practical applications of MODFLOW to real-world groundwater problems. Professional versions of MODFLOW are generally priced at a minimum of around $1000 and typically range upward to $7000 USD. This is a list of commercial programs for MODFLOW:
| |
| * [[GMS (software)|GMS]] – Groundwater Modeling System
| |
| * [http://www.groundwatermodels.com/ESI_Software.php Groundwater Vistas]
| |
| * [http://www.simcore.com Processing Modflow]
| |
| * [[Visual MODFLOW]]
| |
| | |
| All current versions of these programs run only on Microsoft Windows, however previous versions of GMS (up to Version 3.1) were compiled for several [[Unix]] platforms.
| |
| | |
| === Former graphical interfaces ===
| |
| * Graphic Groundwater – Windows-based interface
| |
| * ModelCad – A Windows-based interface, developed by Geraghty and Miller, Inc.
| |
| * [http://www.mpassociates.gr/software/environment/modime.html ModIME] – A [[DOS]]-based interface by S.S. Papadopulos & Associates, Inc.
| |
| | |
| == Other Commonly Used Groundwater Models ==
| |
| * [[HydroGeoSphere]]
| |
| * [[FEFLOW]]
| |
| * [[MIKE SHE]]
| |
| | |
| == References ==
| |
| <references/>
| |
| | |
| == External links ==
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow.html MODFLOW and related programs] official website
| |
| * [http://water.usgs.gov/nrp/gwsoftware/modflow2000/MFDOC/guide.html Online guide to MODFLOW-2000 and MODFLOW-2005]
| |
| * [http://www.linkedin.com/groupRegistration?gid=1908573 MODFLOW Users Group] on [[Linkedin|LinkedIn]]
| |
| * [http://groups.google.com/group/modflow/ MODFLOW Users Group] on [[Google Groups]]
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Hydrology models]]
| |
| [[Category:Geology software]]
| |
| [[Category:United States Geological Survey]]
| |