Fundamental plane (elliptical galaxies): Difference between revisions

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In [[geometry]], an '''imaginary line''' is a [[line (mathematics)|straight line]] that only contains one [[real point]]. It can be proven that this point is the intersection point with the [[conjugated line]].
 
It is a special case of an [[imaginary curve]].
 
It can be proven that there exists no equation of the form <math>ax+by+cz=0</math> in which a, b and c are all [[real number|real]] coefficients. However there do exist equations of the form <math>ax+by+cz=0</math>, but at least one of the coefficients need be [[Complex number|nonreal]].
 
As follows, it can be proven that, if an equation of the form <math>ax+by+cz=0</math> in which a, b and c are all real coefficients, exist, the straight line is a [[real line]], and it shall contain an infinite number of real points.
 
This property of straight lines in the [[complex projective plane]] is a direct consequence of the [[duality (mathematics)|duality principle]] in [[projective geometry]].
 
In the [[complex plane]] (Argand Plane), we have a term called "imaginary axis".In Argand plane, y-axis is imaginary axis. All numbers in this axis are in form of 0+ib form.
 
== Argument ==
 
An argument is the angle or projection of any [[complex number]] in the Argand plane on the real axis (x-axis), denoted Arg(z). The argument can be easily found by following procedure:
      If a+ib is any complex number foming angle A on real axis then,
        cosA = a/√a^2+b^2 sinA= b/√a^2+b^2 tanA=b/a
 
arg(z)=A
 
== Properties of argument ==
 
* arg(AxB)=arg(A) + arg(B)
* arg(A/B)=arg(A) - arg(B)
 
* arg(z)=0 [[if and only if]] z lies in +ve real axis
* arg(z)=180 if and only if z lies in -ve real axis
* arg(z)=90 if and only if z lies in +ve imaginary axis
* arg(z)=-90 if and only if z lies in -ve imaginary line
 
* arg(z) lies in (0,90) in first quadrant, in (90,180) in 2nd quadrant, in(-180,-90) in 3rd quadrant, in(-90,0) in 4th quadrant.
 
[[Domain of a function|Domain]] of argument = R
[[Range (mathematics)|Range]] = (-180,180)
 
== Modulus ==
 
Modulus of  any complex no. a+ib is
 
mod(z)=√a^2+b^2
 
In Argand plane, [[Absolute value|modulus]] denotes distance between a complex number and the origin (0,0).
 
Example:
mod(z)=2 denotes [[locus (mathematics)|locus]] of all complex numbers z lying in circle of radius 2 at centre (0,0)
 
==See also==
*[[Imaginary point]]
*[[Real curve]]
*[[Conic sections]]
*[[Complex geometry]]
*[[Imaginary number]]
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Imaginary Line (Mathematics)}}
[[Category:Projective geometry]]

Latest revision as of 09:31, 10 December 2014

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