|
|
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{Infobox engineer
| | Hi there! :) My name is Norman, I'm a student studying Computing and Information Science from Sweetshouse, Great Britain.<br><br>Feel free to surf to my weblog: [http://Jmgreer.com/?p=22%22 Fifa 15 coin generator] |
| |image = Henri Tresca.JPG
| |
| |image_size =
| |
| |caption =
| |
| |name = Henri Tresca
| |
| |nationality = [[France|French]]
| |
| |birth_date = October 12, 1814
| |
| |birth_place = [[Dunkirk]]
| |
| |death_date = June 21, 1885
| |
| |death_place = [[Paris]]
| |
| |education =
| |
| |spouse =
| |
| |parents =
| |
| |children =
| |
| |discipline = [[Mechanical Engineering|Mechanical]]
| |
| |institutions = [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]], [[French Academy of Sciences]]
| |
| |practice_name =
| |
| |significant_projects =
| |
| |significant_design =
| |
| |significant_advance =
| |
| |awards =
| |
| }}
| |
| '''Henri Édouard Tresca''' (October 12, 1814–June 21, 1885) was a [[France|French]] [[mechanical engineer]], and a professor at the [[Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers]] in [[Paris]]. | |
| | |
| He is the father of the field of plasticity, or non-recoverable deformations, which he explored in an extensive series of experiments begun in 1864. He is the discoverer of the Tresca (or maximal [[shear stress]]) criterion of material [[failure]]. The criterion specifies that a material would [[plastic flow|flow plastically]] if
| |
| | |
| <math>\ \sigma_{tresca}=\sigma_1-\sigma_3 > \sigma_{max} </math> | |
| | |
| [[Image:Tresca stress 2D.png|left|thumb|200px|Comparison of Tresca and Von Mises Criteria]]
| |
| Tresca's criterion is one of two main failure criteria used today. The second important criterion is due to [[Richard von Mises|von Mises]]. See comparison on the image left:
| |
| | |
| Tresca's stature as an engineer was such that [[Gustave Eiffel]] put his name on number 3 in [[The 72 names on the Eiffel Tower|his list of 72 people]] making the Eiffel tower in Paris possible.
| |
| | |
| [[Image:US National Length Meter.JPG|thumb|National standard meter #27, primary US standard until 1960, with Tresca section. ]]
| |
| Tresca was also among the designers of the [[international prototype metre|prototype meter bar]] that served as the first standard of length for the [metric system]]. After the [[Convention of the Metre]] had been signed in 1875, the [[International Bureau of Weights and Measures]] (BIPM) in [[Sèvres]], France made 28 prototype line standards of [[platinum-iridium alloy|platinum-iridium]]. The bars had a cross section shaped like a modified letter X, designed by Tresca, called the "Tresca section". The Tresca section was designed to provide maximum stiffness. In addition, one surface of the central rib that joined the arms was designed to coincide with the bar's ''[[neutral plane]]'', the mathematical plane inside the bar that didn't change length when the bar bent. The two marks near each end of the bar which defined the meter were ruled on this surface. Thus, to first order, the distance between the marks wouldn't change due to the slight sagging of the bar under its own weight between support points. One of the bars was selected as the International Meter. The United States received National Prototype Meters No. 27 and No. 21 in 1890. When the [[Mendenhall Order]] in 1893 declared the meter to be the fundamental length standard, No. 27 became the US primary national standard for all length measurements. It remained so until 1960.<ref >[http://museum.nist.gov/object.asp?ObjID=37 National Prototype Meter No. 27<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| |
| | |
| Tresca was made an honorary member of the [[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]] in 1882.<ref >[http://www.asme.org/Governance/Honors/SocietyAwards/Honorary_Member.cfm Honorary Member - Society Awards<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| * [[Yield surface]]
| |
| * [[von Mises stress]]
| |
| * [[Mohr-Coulomb theory]]
| |
| * [[Adiabatic shear band]]
| |
| * [[Yield (engineering)]]
| |
| * [[Stress (physics)|Stress]]
| |
| * [[Strain (materials science)|Strain]]
| |
| * [[3-D elasticity]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| {{Reflist}}
| |
| | |
| ==External links ==
| |
| * http://mechanima.upb.de/Geschichte/1814%20-%20Tresca/
| |
| | |
| {{Authority control|VIAF=1641}}
| |
| {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| |
| | NAME = Tresca, Henri
| |
| | ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| |
| | SHORT DESCRIPTION = French engineer
| |
| | DATE OF BIRTH = October 12, 1814
| |
| | PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Dunkirk]]
| |
| | DATE OF DEATH = June 21, 1885
| |
| | PLACE OF DEATH = [[Paris]]
| |
| }}
| |
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Tresca, Henri}}
| |
| [[Category:1814 births]]
| |
| [[Category:1885 deaths]]
| |
| [[Category:People from Dunkirk]]
| |
| [[Category:French engineers]]
| |
| [[Category:Materials science|Tresca stress]]
| |
| [[Category:Members of the French Academy of Sciences]]
| |
Hi there! :) My name is Norman, I'm a student studying Computing and Information Science from Sweetshouse, Great Britain.
Feel free to surf to my weblog: Fifa 15 coin generator