Maffei 1: Difference between revisions

From formulasearchengine
Jump to navigation Jump to search
← Older edit
en>Italia2006
No edit summary
en>Tom.Reding
m →‎References: WP:GenFixes (page/s, endash, &nbsp, unicodify, and/or concising wikilinks, etc.), et al., ed., ref cleanup using AWB
 
(One intermediate revision by one other user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
[[File:Zadoff Chu 7 353.png|thumb|500px|Plot of a Zadoff-Chu sequence for u=7, N=353]]


A '''Zadoff–Chu sequence''' is a [[Complex number|complex-valued]] mathematical [[sequence]] which, when applied to [[radio]] signals, gives rise to an electromagnetic signal of constant amplitude, whereby cyclically shifted versions of the sequence imposed on a signal result in zero correlation with one another at the receiver.  A generated Zadoff–Chu sequence that has not been shifted is known as a "root sequence".


These sequences exhibits the useful property that cyclically shifted versions of itself are [[Orthogonality|orthogonal]] to one another, provided, that is, that each cyclic shift, when viewed within the [[time domain]] of the signal, is greater than the combined propagation delay and multi-path delay-spread of that signal between the transmitter and receiver.
So yes, you may certainly get great value for your money on Cyprus Sex Cams Live. Absolute certain, various other situations thats not enough and also you prefer the live sex cam chick all of the for yourself, having which additional feeling of intimacy, and those are actually the situations as soon as you pay out your complete price tag for Live Sex Cam Tocam, however now was actually not among those.<br><br>I have come upon among those cam females a year or two backside. The female simply lied there sobbing for a bit right after which leaned towards her webcam and additionally switched it well whenever Mackenzie regained a few of her strengths. Mature fuck webcams are a definite pay industry, however existence in every it is tints occurs within it it.<br><br>See for your self simply how these  rapacious whores spend their complimentary time! Do not lose the chance to discover a girl that will practically devour your penis! View massive amounts of photos with very hot womens and also select anyone which is going to jerk off the penis with her soaked, warm cunt!<br><br>And then, an activity unusual [http://www.Sharkbayte.com/keyword/occurred occurred]. This sort of experience will make Webcams Live Sex Cams worth every single dime spent on tenfold. Dont shed an opportunity to come across a female who is structured to literally destroy your cock! Should you decide have prejudices against them, perhaps you need to rethink, and provide it a try on your self. “An individual guys arrive at observe me get prepared for your du, help to me select your underwear and gown, as well as the biggest tipper will get to spend a good hour with me personally tonight for F-R-E-E.<br><br>Our businesses team guarantee  [http://freeadultvideochat.org/ free adult video chat] babes could work on thier bodies and additionally then kindly some kind of individual and your fantasies! See for your own details about how this sort of insistent sluts spend their spare time! Our businesses experts ensure of womens will utilize thier body's and additionally then please some kind of individual as well as your fantasies!<br><br>I too just threw a hundred tokens in too. Solely upon our Porn Web Cam Girls web-site site you may find the hottest girls on the top of the World In width Web. In this particular illustration, I have only spent a couple related with bucks for a recommendation, as well as in homecoming had gotten an exciting half one hour with all senses satisfied, ending with one climax which can't feel behaved.<br><br>It went on and additionally on as well as on. Our companies own Free Cam Girls Cahet site can offer some kind of individual the most excellent girls you might get! It was each of the again and done with within five minutes. Check out this sort of Cam Girls Live Soulmates and possess a great time! What I wanted and additionally necessary as a result of New York Live Sexcams.<br><br>She to myself is a to cam porno world what Beyonce is to singing program business, in the sense of this girl impeccable expert manner to her work and perfect devotion, without having drawing just about any tangible similarities. “The will have to  free adult video chat be your first time Beast (screan name i picked for your first adventure in xxx sex cam world)”, she mentioned cheerful as she looked into this girl cam, electrocuting me together with her crystal blue colored eyes with out even knowing it.<br><br>Purely browse through our businesses companies endless Webcam Girls Sex Live collection and also realize for yourself simply how our tramps hand bang! Lydia is actually one extremely prospering case related with increasingly professionalizing My Sex Live Cam industry, however indeed there are many women available to you that similarly so are fantastic with what they are doing regarding the top to be a great eyes chocolate, plus they give amazing service to their customers.<br><br>I could call her Jocelyn right here. Only over the top of our [http://freeadultvideochat.org/ free adult video chat] Fuck Cam Girls website indeed there is the hottest girls upon the Internet. No frill, virtually no collection along, as well as a mind blowing orgasm to experience because of it. Her Live Cam Sex On chatroom s desired surface filled up with tips without having one single comment.<br><br>There is a large amount of a lot of fun to be had gotten, simultaneously dirty and also clean, friendships to feel formulated, and additionally at times really love reports are penned in this kind of areas also. Follow 1000's related with images alongside naughty womans and additionally select one which is structured to fondle your dick along with her damp, tight twat!<br><br>“I was acquiring set for a big big date tonight, alongside my favorite prince charming”, she winked during the sexcam. Purely check out through our businesses companies limitless Webcam Girls Sexy Xxx collection and additionally also realize for yourself exactly how these bitches finger fuck! So, exactly what are you holding out for, go and leave the dream tale unravel in cam 2 web cam chat world.<br><br>Our businesses extremely own Cam Girls In Chat web-site can offer the most desirable babes an individual might get! Watch these Cam To Cam Girls and also additionally have fun! Incase it became a tv series, this unique tops the talk about, and incase it ended up being for actual, poor woman, about we are able to make her feel better alongside your tips.<br><br>“Are actually an individual acquiring set for somebody particular, happened to be our first phrase to this girl.
 
The complex value at each position ''n'' of each root Zadoff–Chu sequence parametrised by ''u'' is given by
 
: <math> x_u(n)=e^{-j\frac{\pi un(n+1+2q)}{N_\text{ZC}}}, \, </math>
 
where
 
: <math> 0 \le n < N_\text{ZC}-1, \,</math>
 
: <math> 0 < u < N_\text{ZC}\,\and \, \text{gcd}(N_\text{ZC},u)=1, </math>
 
: <math> q \in \Z, </math>
 
: <math> N_\text{ZC} =  \text{length of sequence.}\,</math>
 
Zadoff–Chu sequences are CAZAC sequences ([[constant amplitude zero autocorrelation waveform]]).
 
They're named after Solomon A. Zadoff and D. C. Chu. Note that the special case <math> q = 0 </math> results in a [[Chu sequence]].
 
== Properties of Zadoff-Chu sequences ==
1. They are [[Periodic function|periodic]] with period <math>N_\text{ZC} </math> if <math>N_\text{ZC} </math> is odd.
 
: <math> x_u ( n + N_{\text{ZC}} )= x_u(n) </math>
 
2. If <math>N_\text{ZC} </math> is prime, [[Discrete Fourier Transform]] of Zadoff–Chu sequence is another Zadoff–Chu sequence conjugated, scaled and time scaled.
 
:  <math> X_{u}[k]= x_{u}^{*}(\tilde{u}k) X_{u}[0]</math> where <math>\tilde{u}</math> is the multiplicative inverse of u modulo <math>N_\text{ZC} </math>.
<!--
proof :
 
<math> x_{u}^{*}(\tilde{u}k) x_{u} (\tilde{u}k) = 1 </math>
 
By definition of multiplicative inverse, <math> u \tilde{u} = l N_\text{ZC} + 1  </math> where l is an integer.
 
Therefore <math> e^{-j\pi\frac{u \tilde{u} 2nk }{N_\text{ZC}}} = e^{-j\pi\frac{(lN_\text{ZC} +1) 2nk }{N_\text{ZC}}} = e^{-j\pi\frac{2nk }{N_\text{ZC}}} </math>
 
<math> \quad X_{u}[k] = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1} x_u ( n ) e^{-j\frac{2\pi nk}{N_\text{ZC}}} </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1}
                        e^{-j\pi\frac{un(n+1)}{N_\text{ZC}}}
                        e^{-j\pi\frac{2nk}{N_\text{ZC}}} </math>
 
Expanding and inserting <math> u \tilde{u} </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1}
                        e^{-j\pi\frac{un(n+1)}{N_\text{ZC}}}
                        e^{-j\pi\frac{u \tilde{u}2nk }{N_\text{ZC}}} </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1}
                        e^{-j\pi\frac{un(n+1)+u \tilde{u}2nk}{N_\text{ZC}}}  </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1}
                        e^{-j \pi u \frac{n^2 + 2n \tilde{u} k + n}{N_\text{ZC}}}  </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1}
                        e^{-j \pi u \frac{ (n + \tilde{u} k) (n + \tilde{u} k + 1) - \tilde{u} k (\tilde{u} k +1)}{N_\text{ZC}}}  </math>
 
<math> \quad \quad    = x_{u}^{*}(\tilde{u}k)  \sum_{n=0}^{N_\text{ZC}-1} x_{u} (\tilde{u}k+n) </math>
 
Since the summation over a period of a periodic signal is its DC term <math> X_{u}[0]  </math>
 
<math> X_{u}[k]= x_{u}^{*}(\tilde{u}k) X_{u}[0]</math>
-->
 
3. The auto correlation of a prime length Zadoff–Chu sequence with a cyclically shifted version of itself is zero, i.e., it is non-zero only at one instant which corresponds to the cyclic shift.
 
4. The cross[[cross correlation| correlation]] between two prime length Zadoff–Chu sequences, i.e. different values of <math>u, u=u_1, u=u_2 </math>, is constant <math> \frac{1}{\sqrt{N_\text{ZC}}} </math>, provided that <math> u_1 - u_2 </math> is relative prime to <math> N_\text{ZC} </math> <ref>Branislav M, Popovic, “Generalized Chirp-Like polyphase sequences with optimum correlaiton properties”, IEEE tran. Infom. Theory, vol. 38, no. 4, 1992</ref>
 
== Usages ==
Zadoff–Chu sequences are used in the 3GPP LTE [[Long Term Evolution]] air interface in the Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), random access preamble (PRACH), uplink control channel (PUCCH), uplink traffic channel (PUSCH) and sounding reference signals (SRS).  By assigning [[orthogonal]] Zadoff–Chu sequences to each [[3GPP Long Term Evolution|LTE]] [[eNodeB]] and multiplying their transmissions by their respective codes, the [[cross-correlation]] of simultaneous [[eNodeB]] transmissions is reduced, thus reducing inter-cell interference and uniquely identifying [[eNodeB]] transmissions. Zadoff–Chu sequence improve over the [[Walsh–Hadamard code]]s used in [[UMTS]] because they result in a constant-amplitude output signal, reducing the cost and complexity of the radio's power amplifier.<ref>Evolved Cellular Network Planning and Optimization for UMTS and LTE, Lingyang Song and Jia Shen, CRC Press, 2011, New York</ref>
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
*http://www.quintillion.co.jp/3GPP/Specs/
*{{cite journal
| author = S. Beyme and C. Leung
| title = Efficient computation of DFT of Zadoff-Chu sequences
| journal = Electron. Lett.
| volume = 45 | issue = 9 | pages = 461–463 | year = 2009
| doi = 10.1049/el.2009.3330
}}
*[http://www.globalspec.com/reference/68075/203279/9-2-Zadoff-Chu-ZC-Sequences Zadoff Chu (ZC) Sequences]
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zadoff-Chu Sequence}}
[[Category:Radio communications]]

Latest revision as of 22:32, 12 January 2015


So yes, you may certainly get great value for your money on Cyprus Sex Cams Live. Absolute certain, various other situations thats not enough and also you prefer the live sex cam chick all of the for yourself, having which additional feeling of intimacy, and those are actually the situations as soon as you pay out your complete price tag for Live Sex Cam Tocam, however now was actually not among those.

I have come upon among those cam females a year or two backside. The female simply lied there sobbing for a bit right after which leaned towards her webcam and additionally switched it well whenever Mackenzie regained a few of her strengths. Mature fuck webcams are a definite pay industry, however existence in every it is tints occurs within it it.

See for your self simply how these rapacious whores spend their complimentary time! Do not lose the chance to discover a girl that will practically devour your penis! View massive amounts of photos with very hot womens and also select anyone which is going to jerk off the penis with her soaked, warm cunt!

And then, an activity unusual occurred. This sort of experience will make Webcams Live Sex Cams worth every single dime spent on tenfold. Dont shed an opportunity to come across a female who is structured to literally destroy your cock! Should you decide have prejudices against them, perhaps you need to rethink, and provide it a try on your self. “An individual guys arrive at observe me get prepared for your du, help to me select your underwear and gown, as well as the biggest tipper will get to spend a good hour with me personally tonight for F-R-E-E.

Our businesses team guarantee free adult video chat babes could work on thier bodies and additionally then kindly some kind of individual and your fantasies! See for your own details about how this sort of insistent sluts spend their spare time! Our businesses experts ensure of womens will utilize thier body's and additionally then please some kind of individual as well as your fantasies!

I too just threw a hundred tokens in too. Solely upon our Porn Web Cam Girls web-site site you may find the hottest girls on the top of the World In width Web. In this particular illustration, I have only spent a couple related with bucks for a recommendation, as well as in homecoming had gotten an exciting half one hour with all senses satisfied, ending with one climax which can't feel behaved.

It went on and additionally on as well as on. Our companies own Free Cam Girls Cahet site can offer some kind of individual the most excellent girls you might get! It was each of the again and done with within five minutes. Check out this sort of Cam Girls Live Soulmates and possess a great time! What I wanted and additionally necessary as a result of New York Live Sexcams.

She to myself is a to cam porno world what Beyonce is to singing program business, in the sense of this girl impeccable expert manner to her work and perfect devotion, without having drawing just about any tangible similarities. “The will have to free adult video chat be your first time Beast (screan name i picked for your first adventure in xxx sex cam world)”, she mentioned cheerful as she looked into this girl cam, electrocuting me together with her crystal blue colored eyes with out even knowing it.

Purely browse through our businesses companies endless Webcam Girls Sex Live collection and also realize for yourself simply how our tramps hand bang! Lydia is actually one extremely prospering case related with increasingly professionalizing My Sex Live Cam industry, however indeed there are many women available to you that similarly so are fantastic with what they are doing regarding the top to be a great eyes chocolate, plus they give amazing service to their customers.

I could call her Jocelyn right here. Only over the top of our free adult video chat Fuck Cam Girls website indeed there is the hottest girls upon the Internet. No frill, virtually no collection along, as well as a mind blowing orgasm to experience because of it. Her Live Cam Sex On chatroom s desired surface filled up with tips without having one single comment.

There is a large amount of a lot of fun to be had gotten, simultaneously dirty and also clean, friendships to feel formulated, and additionally at times really love reports are penned in this kind of areas also. Follow 1000's related with images alongside naughty womans and additionally select one which is structured to fondle your dick along with her damp, tight twat!

“I was acquiring set for a big big date tonight, alongside my favorite prince charming”, she winked during the sexcam. Purely check out through our businesses companies limitless Webcam Girls Sexy Xxx collection and additionally also realize for yourself exactly how these bitches finger fuck! So, exactly what are you holding out for, go and leave the dream tale unravel in cam 2 web cam chat world.

Our businesses extremely own Cam Girls In Chat web-site can offer the most desirable babes an individual might get! Watch these Cam To Cam Girls and also additionally have fun! Incase it became a tv series, this unique tops the talk about, and incase it ended up being for actual, poor woman, about we are able to make her feel better alongside your tips.

“Are actually an individual acquiring set for somebody particular, happened to be our first phrase to this girl.

Retrieved from "https://en.formulasearchengine.com/index.php?title=Maffei_1&oldid=261515"