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In mathematics, a '''Whittaker function''' is a special solution of '''[[E. T. Whittaker|Whittaker]]'s equation''', a modified form of the [[confluent hypergeometric equation]] introduced by {{harvtxt|Whittaker|1904}} to make the formulas involving the solutions more symmetric. More generally, {{harvs|txt|last=Jacquet|year1=1966|year2=1967}} introduced Whittaker functions of [[reductive group]]s over [[local field]]s, where the functions studied by Whittaker are essentially the case where the local field is the real numbers and the group is SL<sub>2</sub>('''R''').  
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Whittaker's equation is
:<math>\frac{d^2w}{dz^2}+\left(-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{\kappa}{z}+\frac{1/4-\mu^2}{z^2}\right)w=0.</math>
It has a regular singular point at 0 and an irregular singular point at ∞.  
Two solutions are given by the '''Whittaker functions''' ''M''<sub>κ,μ</sub>(''z''), ''W''<sub>κ,μ</sub>(''z''), defined in terms of Kummer's [[confluent hypergeometric functions]] ''M'' and ''U'' by
:<math>M_{\kappa,\mu}\left(z\right) = \exp\left(-z/2\right)z^{\mu+\tfrac{1}{2}}M\left(\mu-\kappa+\frac{1}{2}, 1+2\mu; z\right)</math>
:<math>W_{\kappa,\mu}\left(z\right) = \exp\left(-z/2\right)z^{\mu+\tfrac{1}{2}}U\left(\mu-\kappa+\frac{1}{2}, 1+2\mu; z\right)</math>
 
Whittaker functions appear as coefficients of certain representations of the group SL<sub>2</sub>('''R'''), called [[Whittaker model]]s.
 
==References==
*{{AS ref |13|504|14|537}}
*{{citation|first=Harry|last=Bateman|title=Higher transcendental functions|volume=1|year=1953|publisher=McGraw-Hill|url=http://apps.nrbook.com/bateman/Vol1.pdf}}.
*{{springer|id=W/w097850|title=Whittaker function|first=Yu.A. |last=Brychkov|first2=A.P.|last2= Prudnikov}}.
*{{dlmf|first=Adri B. Olde|last= Daalhuis|id=13}}
**{{Citation | last1=Jacquet | first1=Hervé | title=Une interprétation géométrique et une généralisation P-adique des fonctions de Whittaker en théorie des groupes semi-simples | mr=0200390 | year=1966 | journal=Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences. Séries A et B | issn=0151-0509 | volume=262 | pages=A943--A945}}
*{{Citation | last1=Jacquet | first1=Hervé | title=Fonctions de Whittaker associées aux groupes de Chevalley | url=http://www.numdam.org/item?id=BSMF_1967__95__243_0 | mr=0271275 | year=1967 | journal=Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France | issn=0037-9484 | volume=95 | pages=243–309}}
*{{springer|id=W/w097840|title=Whittaker equation|first=N.Kh. |last=Rozov}}.
*{{Citation | last1=Slater | first1=Lucy Joan | title=Confluent hypergeometric functions | publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] | mr=0107026 | year=1960}}.
*{{Citation | last1=Whittaker | first1=Edmund T. | title=An expression of certain known functions as generalized hypergeometric functions | publisher=[[American Mathematical Society]] | location=Providence, R.I. | year=1904 | journal=Bulletin of the A. M. S. | volume=10 | pages=125–134}}
 
[[Category:Special hypergeometric functions]]

Latest revision as of 00:58, 26 December 2014

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