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| '''Spin pumping''' is a method of generating a [[spin current]], the [[spintronics|spintronic]] analog of a [[battery (electricity)|battery]] in conventional [[electronics]].
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| In order to make a spintronic device, the primary requirement is to have a system that can generate a current of spin-polarized [[electrons]], as well as a system that is sensitive to the spin polarization. Most spintronic devices also have a unit in between these two that changes the current of electrons depending on the spin states. Candidates for such devices include injection schemes based on [[magnetic semiconductors]] and [[ferromagnetism|ferromagnetic]] [[metal]]s, [[ferromagnetic resonance]] devices<ref name=Tserkovnyak>
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| {{Cite journal
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| | title = Enhanced Gilbert Damping in Thin Ferromagnetic Films
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| | year = 2002
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| | volume = 88 | issue = 11
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| | author = Y Tserkovnyak et al
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| | journal = Physical Review Letters
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| | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.117601
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| | bibcode=2002PhRvL..88k7601T
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| |arxiv = cond-mat/0110247 }}</ref>
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| , and a variety of [[spin-dependent pump]]s. Optical, microwave and electrical methods are also being explored<ref>
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| {{Cite journal
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| | title = Spin Pumping by Parametrically Excited Exchange Magnons
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| | year = 2011
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| | volume = 106 | page = 216601
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| | author = C Sandweg et al
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| | journal = Physical Review Letters
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| | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.216601
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| | bibcode=2011PhRvL.106u6601S
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| |arxiv = 1103.2229 }}</ref>
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| .These devices could be used for low-power data transmission in [[spintronic]] devices<ref>
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| {{Cite journal
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| | title = Spin-magnon transmutation
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| | year = 2011
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| | volume = 4 | page = 40
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| | author = G E Bauer and Y Tserkovnyak
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| | journal = Physics
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| | doi = 10.1103/Physics.4.40
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| |bibcode = 2011PhyOJ...4...40B }}</ref>
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| or to transmit electrical signals through insulators.<ref>
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| {{Cite journal
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| | title = Transmission of electrical signals by spin-wave interconversion in a magnetic insulator
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| | year = 2010
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| | volume = 464
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| | author = Y Kajiwara
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| | journal = Nature
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| | doi = 10.1038/nature08876
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| | issue=7286
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| |bibcode = 2010Natur.464..262K }}</ref>
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| The spin pumped into an adjacent layer by a precessing magnetic moment is given by<ref name=Tserkovnyak/>
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| :<math>\vec j_s = {\hbar \over {4 \pi}} g^{\uparrow \downarrow} {1 \over M_S^2} \langle \vec M(t) \times {{d \vec M(t))} \over {dt}} \rangle </math>
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| where <math>\vec j_s</math> is the spin current (the vector indicates the orientation of the spin, ''not'' the direction of the current), <math>g^{\uparrow \downarrow}</math> is the spin-mixing conductance, <math> M_S^2</math> is the saturation magnetization, and <math>\vec M(t)</math> is the time-dependent orientation of the moment.
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Spintronic]]
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| *[[Spin wave]]
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| *[[Spin Engineering]]
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| *[[Spin Hall effect]]
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Spin Pumping}}
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| [[Category:Spintronics]]
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| {{Physics-stub}}
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