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'''Turkish Identification Number''' ({{lang-tr|Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Kimlik Numarası}} or abbreviated as ''T.C. Kimlik No.'') is a unique [[national identification number|personal identification number]] that is assigned to every citizen of [[Turkey]].
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Foreigners residing in Turkey at least six months for any purpose receive a Foreigner Identification Number, which is different from the Turkish Identification Number.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mevzuat.adalet.gov.tr/html/27195.html |publisher=Ministry of Justice |title=Türkiyede Oturan Yabancıların Nüfus Kayıtlarının Tutulması Hakkında Yöetmelik |date=2006-10-20 |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-14 }}</ref>
 
== Purpose ==
The purpose of identification number's introduction is to resolve the problems that arise by same names of different citizens and to speed up the information transfer between the public institutions. With the identification number, services like [[taxation]], [[security]], [[election|voting]], [[education]], [[social security]], [[health care]], [[military recruitment]], [[banking]] and many others can be carried out more quickly, rationally and reliably.<ref name="dg"/>
 
==History==
The Turkish Identification Number was introduced on October 28, 2000 in conjunction with the Act No. 3080, which amended the initial Population Registration Act No. 1587,<ref name="pp">{{cite web |url=http://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/mevzuat/30_2002_22_mernis.pdf |publisher=Prime Ministry-General Directoriate of Personnel and Principles |title=MERNİS Projesi-Genelge 2002/22 |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-14 }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> and applied to all citizens born after 1840, dead or alive around 120 million people at that time. It was issued by the 923 registration offices at [[district#Turkey|district]] level across the country.<ref name="dg">{{cite news |url=http://www.dunyagazetesi.com.tr/haberArsiv.asp?id=17262 |newspaper=Dünya Gazetesi |title=MERNİS Projesi hayata geçiyor/ Nüfus kayıtları bilgisayarlara taşınıyor |date=2000-10-24 |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-14 }}</ref>
 
From January 1, 2003 on, all public institutions integrated the personal identification number in their certificates and documents like [[identity card]], [[Turkish passport|passport]], international family book, [[driving license]], form and manifesto they issue to citizens. The Identity Card Serial Number formerly in use was not needed any more and so cancelled.<ref name="pp"/>
 
==MERNIS Project==
Turkish Identification Number was developed and put in service in context of a project called Central Registration Administration System ({{lang-tr|'''Mer'''kezi '''N'''üfus '''İ'''daresi '''S'''istemi}}, abbreviated as MERNİS),<ref name="dg"/>
 
The idea for the project was born in 1972 after the Population Registration Law was enacted. Following infrastructural works done by the [[State Planning Organization]] and later by the [[Middle East Technical University]], the [[World Bank]] financially supported the project in 1996 with credit.<ref name="pp1">{{cite web |url=http://www.nvi.gov.tr/Hakkimizda/Projeler,Mernis_Dundenbugune.html |publisher=Ministry of Interior-General Directoriate of Registration and Citizenship |title=Projeler: Dünden Bugüne MERNİS |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-14 }}</ref>
 
The cost of the project amounted to US$35 million. Personal data of 70 million Turkish citizens, 5 million Turks living abroad and 24 million dead were recorded in a databank with the help of the personal identification number using a special software that was developed for US$400,000. Moreover, 23 million records of married, divorced and naturalized people were added giving identification number.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.forumalev.net/haber-arsivi/22950-tc-kimlik-numarasin-da-hata.html |publisher=Forum Alev |title=TC kimlik numarasında hata |newspaper=Hürriyet |date=2006-12-10 |accessdate=2009-11-14 }}</ref>
 
After accomplishment of the initial issue of the personal identification number, it is being given only to newborns and naturalized people.<ref name="dg"/>
 
The MERNİS database is in online service since the end of November 2002, however not fully open to the public for secrecy of private data.<ref name="pp1"/>
 
==Identification number==
The identification number is a unique 11-digit number given by the MERNIS computer on the basis of the citizen's registration record that is kept by the registration office. The number does not reflect any personal information about the citizen. It is not possible to change the identification number once applied.<ref name="dg"/>
 
===Validation of the identification number===
The personal identification number is composed of numbers only and can not have a leading zero. The rightmost two digits of the 11-digit identification number are [[check digit]]s added to enable [[error detection]].
 
First number was given to [[Atatürk]], which is 10000000146.
 
Numbering the digits from left to right, if the first digit is <math> d_{1} </math> and so on, the trailing check digits can be calculated using the formula:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kodaman.org/yazi/t-c-kimlik-no-algoritmasi |publisher=Kodaman |title=T.C. Kimlik No. Algoritması |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-15 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://nea.gen.tr/w3/tc-kimlikno-kontrolu/ |publisher=NEA |title=TC Kimlik numarası doğrulama |author=Albulak, N. Emrah |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-15 }} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
;10th digit:
:<math> \left \{ 10 - \left[ ( 3 \cdot \sum_{i=1}^{5} d_{2i-1} + \sum_{i=1}^{4} d_{2i}) \pmod {10} \right] \right \}  \pmod {10} </math>
 
;11th digit:
:<math>  \left \{ 10 - \left[ ( \sum_{i=1}^{5} d_{2i-1} + 3 \cdot \sum_{i=1}^{5} d_{2i}) \pmod {10} \right] \right \}  \pmod {10} </math>
 
;[[Microsoft Excel]] formula:
cell A1 =<11-digit Turkish Identification Number>
cell B1 =MOD(10-MOD(3*(MID(A1;1;1)+MID(A1;3;1)+MID(A1;5;1)+
            MID(A1;7;1)+MID(A1;9;1))+MID(A1;2;1)+MID(A1;4;1)+
            MID(A1;6;1)+MID(A1;8;1);10);10)
cell C1 =MOD(10-MOD(MID(A1;1;1)+MID(A1;3;1)+MID(A1;5;1)+
            MID(A1;7;1)+MID(A1;9;1)+3*(MID(A1;2;1)+MID(A1;4;1)+
            MID(A1;6;1)+MID(A1;8;1)+B1);10);10)
 
cell D1 =CONCATENATE(MID(A1;1;9);B1;C1)
 
==Query of the identification number==
The identification number can be obtained by the registration offices or online at internet via the Ministry of Interior's portal [http://www.nvi.gov.tr/NVI.html http://www.nvi.gov.tr/NVI.html].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://tckimlik.nvi.gov.tr/Web/QueryIdentityNumber.aspx |publisher=Ministry of Interior-General Directoriate of Registration and Citizenship |title=T.C. Kimlik No. Sorgulama |language=Turkish |accessdate=2009-11-14 }}</ref>
 
==See also==
* [[National identification number]]
* [[Turkish nationality law]]
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
==External links==
*[http://pythonaskina.blogspot.com/2012/10/tc-kimlik-no-dogrulama-fonksiyonu.html Validation of Turkish Identification Number in Python], at Caner BASARAN's blog. Retrieved 2012-10-27.
 
{{National identification numbers}}
 
[[Category:National identification numbers]]
[[Category:Government of Turkey]]

Latest revision as of 19:02, 16 July 2014

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