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The '''Dale–Chall readability formula is a''' [[readability test]] that provides a numeric gauge of the comprehension difficulty that readers will have when reading a text. It uses a list of words that groups of fourth-grade American students could reliably understand, considering any word not on that list to be difficult.


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==History==
The formula was inspired by [[Rudolf Flesch]]'s [[Flesch–Kincaid readability test]] which used word length to determine how difficult a word was for readers to understand. [[Edgar Dale]] and [[Jeanne Chall]] instead used a list of 763 words that 80% of fourth-grade students were familiar with to determine which words were difficult. The Dale-Chall Readability Formula was originally published in their 1948 article ''A Formula for Predicting Readability''<ref>{{Cite journal |author=[[Edgar Dale|Dale E]], [[Jeanne Chall|Chall J]] |year=1948 |title=A Formula for Predicting Readability |journal=Educational Research Bulletin |volume=27 |pages=11–20+28}}</ref> and updated in 1995 in ''Readability Revisited: The New Dale-Chall Readability Formula'', which expanded the word list to 3,000 familiar words.<ref>{{cite isbn|1571290087}}</ref>
 
==Formula==
The formula for calculating the raw score of the Dale–Chall readability score is given below:
 
:<math>
0.1579 \left (\frac{\mbox{difficult words}}{\mbox{words}}\times 100 \right) + 0.0496 \left (\frac{\mbox{words}}{\mbox{sentences}} \right)
</math>
 
If the percentage of difficult words is above 5%, then add 3.6365 to the raw score to get the adjusted score, otherwise the adjusted score is equal to the raw score.
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
! Score
! Notes
|-
| 4.9 or lower
| easily understood by an average 4th-grade student or lower
|-
| 5.0–5.9
| easily understood by an average 5th or 6th-grade student
|-
| 6.0–6.9
| easily understood by an average 7th or 8th-grade student
|-
| 7.0–7.9
| easily understood by an average 9th or 10th-grade student
|-
| 8.0–8.9
| easily understood by an average 11th or 12th-grade student
|-
| 9.0–9.9
| easily understood by an average 13th to 15th-grade (college) student
|-
| 10.0 or higher
| easily understood by an average college graduate
|-
|}
 
== See also ==
*[[Flesch–Kincaid readability test]]
*[[Gunning fog index]]
*[[Coleman-Liau Index]]
*[[Automated Readability Index]]
*[[SMOG (Simple Measure Of Gobbledygook)]]
*[[Accessible publishing]]
*[[Readability]]
 
== References ==
{{Reflist|1}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dale-Chall readability formula}}
[[Category:Readability tests]]

Revision as of 05:29, 18 January 2014

Template:Multiple issues

The Dale–Chall readability formula is a readability test that provides a numeric gauge of the comprehension difficulty that readers will have when reading a text. It uses a list of words that groups of fourth-grade American students could reliably understand, considering any word not on that list to be difficult.

History

The formula was inspired by Rudolf Flesch's Flesch–Kincaid readability test which used word length to determine how difficult a word was for readers to understand. Edgar Dale and Jeanne Chall instead used a list of 763 words that 80% of fourth-grade students were familiar with to determine which words were difficult. The Dale-Chall Readability Formula was originally published in their 1948 article A Formula for Predicting Readability[1] and updated in 1995 in Readability Revisited: The New Dale-Chall Readability Formula, which expanded the word list to 3,000 familiar words.[2]

Formula

The formula for calculating the raw score of the Dale–Chall readability score is given below:

0.1579(difficult wordswords×100)+0.0496(wordssentences)

If the percentage of difficult words is above 5%, then add 3.6365 to the raw score to get the adjusted score, otherwise the adjusted score is equal to the raw score.

Score Notes
4.9 or lower easily understood by an average 4th-grade student or lower
5.0–5.9 easily understood by an average 5th or 6th-grade student
6.0–6.9 easily understood by an average 7th or 8th-grade student
7.0–7.9 easily understood by an average 9th or 10th-grade student
8.0–8.9 easily understood by an average 11th or 12th-grade student
9.0–9.9 easily understood by an average 13th to 15th-grade (college) student
10.0 or higher easily understood by an average college graduate

See also

References

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  2. ↑ Template:Cite isbn
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