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"'''The Felix Klein Protocols'''" is a collection of handwritten records of the [[University of Göttingen|Göttingen]] seminar lectures of [[Felix Klein]] and his school. They span  over 8000 pages in 29 volumes, and are regarded as one of the richest records of mathematical activity in modern times.<ref name="Notices">{{Cite journal
  | last = Chislenko
  | first = Eugene
  | last2 = Tschinkel
  | first2 = Yuri
  | title = The Felix Klein Protocols
  | journal = [[Notices of the American Mathematical Society]]
  | volume = 54
  | pages = 960–970
  | date = September 2007
  | issue = 8
  | postscript = <!--None--> }}</ref>
The previously unpublished Klein Protocols were made available digitally in 2006.<ref>{{cite web| title = Felix Klein, Klein Protokolle|url=http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/}}{{de icon}}</ref>
 
==Years covered==
From 1872 to 1896 Klein conducted his seminars alone, mainly in [[pure mathematics]].  The years 1897–1913 show collaborations with mathematicians such as [[David Hilbert]], [[Karl Schwarzschild]], [[Ludwig Prandtl]], [[Carl Runge]] and [[Hermann Minkowski]].
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan=3 align=center | '''Klein Protokolle'''
|-
| Volume || align=right | Years || Some topics covered
|-
| 1  || align=right |  1872–1880  || Seminars on various topics in [[geometry]] and [[algebra]].<br> (Geometric problems of the 3rd and 4th degree; The physical theory of the [[Aurora (astronomy)|northern lights]]; Rational transformations; Elements of arithmetics; Analytic geometry of space; The imaginary in geometry; On scrolls of degree 4; The elements of [[Complex analysis|function theory]]; Investigations on [[algebraic function]]s; Newtonian and logarithmic potential; The distribution of heat in a sphere; The [[Tautochrone curve|tautochrone problem]].)
|-
| 2  || align=right | 1880–1881  ||
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| colspan=3 align=center | ''München, Sommersemester 1880'' || align=center |
|-
| align=right | 8. Mai || align = center | [[Walther_von_Dyck|Dyck]] || align=left | Normalform für Irrationalitäten durch regulär verzweigte [[Riemann_surface|Riemannsche Flächen]] || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p001_low.jpg 1]
|-
| align=right | 15. Mai || align = center | [[Walther_von_Dyck|Dyck]] || align=left | Problem der [[Analysis_Situs_(paper)|Analysis situs]] || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p004_low.jpg 4]
|-
| align=right | 29. Mai || align = center | [[Luigi_Bianchi|Bianchi]] || align=left | Tetraederirrationalität || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p006_low.jpg 6]
|-
| align=right | 5. Juni || align = center | [[Luigi_Bianchi|Bianchi]] || align=left | Fortsetzung || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p008_low.jpg 8]
|-
| align=right | 13. Juni || align = center | [[Luigi_Bianchi|Bianchi]] || align=left | Ikosaederirrationalität || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p012_low.jpg 12]
|-
| align=right | 4. Juli || align = center | [[Luigi_Bianchi|Bianchi]] || align=left | Fortsetzung || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p015_low.jpg 15]
|-
| align=right | 11. Juli || align = center | [[Luigi_Bianchi|Bianchi]] || align=left | Fortsetzung || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p021_low.jpg 21]
|-
|-
| colspan=3 align=center | ''Leipzig, Wintersemester 1880/81'' || align=center |
|-
| align=right | 1. Nov || align = center | Lange || align=left | Gestaltliches über Baumkurven 4. Ordnung || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p031_low.jpg 31]
|-
| align=right | 8. Nov || align = center | [[Walther_von_Dyck|Dyck]] || align=left | Über eine reguläre [[Riemann_surface|Riemannsche Fläche]] vom Geschlechte 3 und der zugehörigen Normalkurve 4ter Ordnung  || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p036_low.jpg 36]
|-
| align=right | 15. Nov || align = center | - || align=left | Freie Besprechung || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p042_low.jpg 42]
|-
| align=right | 22. Nov || align = center | Baumgart || align=left | Equipollenzen (nach [[Giusto_Bellavitis|Bellavitis]]) || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p043_low.jpg 43]
|-
| align=right |  || align = center | Stöhr || align=left | Kartenprojection || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p044_low.jpg 44]
|-
| align=right | 29. Nov || align = center | [[Irving_Stringham|Stringham]] || align=left | Vierdimensionale reguläre Körper || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p046_low.jpg 46]
|-
| align=right | 6. Dez || align = center | [[Adolf_Hurwitz|Hurwitz]] || align=left | Bildung der Modulfunctionen || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p067_low.jpg 67]
|-
| align=right | 13. Dez || align = center | Büttner || align=left | Convergenz von <math>\prod_{m,n} \left( 1 - \frac{u}{mw_1 + nw_2} \right)</math> || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p071_low.jpg 71]
|-
| align=right | 20. Dez || align = center | Brunel || align=left | Bestimmung des Geschlechts || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p076_low.jpg 76]
|-
| align=right | 3. Jan || align = center | [[Giuseppe_Veronese|Veronese]] || align=left | Einige merkwürdige Configurationen || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p080_low.jpg 80]
|-
| align=right | 10. Jan || align = center | Stande || align=left | Lineare Gleichungen zwischen eliptischen Coordinaten || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p093_low.jpg 93]
|-
| align=right | 17. Jan || align = center | Baumgart || align=left | Ueber das cubische Reciprocitätsgesetz || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p101_low.jpg 101]
|-
| align=right | 24. Jan || align = center | Lange || align=left | Gruppierungen der 16 Hyperosculationspuncte einer Raumkurve vierter Ordnung 1. Species || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p106_low.jpg 106]
|-
| align=right | 31. Jan || align = center | Brunel || align=left | Ueber die [[Analysis_Situs_(paper)|Analysis situs]] || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p114_low.jpg 114]
|-
| align=right | 7. Feb || align = center | Stöhr || align=left | Zur Theorie des Condensators || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p121_low.jpg 121]
|-
| align=right | 14. Feb || align = center | [[Walther_von_Dyck|Dyck]] || align=left | Fläche der Galois'schen Resolvente || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p126_low.jpg 126]
|-
| align=right | 21. Feb || align = center | [[Adolf_Hurwitz|Hurwitz]] || align=left | Eine neue Functionenreihe || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p101_low.jpg 131]
|-
| align=right | 28. Feb || align = center | [[Irving_Stringham|Stringham]] || align=left | Gruppen von Bewegungen bei regulären Körpern || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p147_low.jpg 147]
|-
| align=right | 7. Mar || align = center | Büttner || align=left | Functionentheoretische Sätze von Picard || align=right | [http://www.uni-math.gwdg.de/aufzeichnungen/klein-scans/V02-1880-1881/V2-p165_low.jpg 165]
|-
|}
|-
| 3  || align=right |  1881–1882 ||
|-
| 4  || align=right |  1882–1883 || Hyperelliptic abelian and [[theta functions]].
|-
| 5  || align=right |  1883–1884 ||
|-
| 6  || align=right |  1884–1885 ||
|-
| 7  || align=right |  1885–1886 || [[Hyperelliptic curve|Hyperelliptic functions]] and the [[Kummer surface]].
|-
| 8  || align=right |  1886–1887 ||
|-
| 9  || align=right |  1887–1889 ||
|-
| 10  || align=right |  1889–1892 ||
|-
| 11  || align=right |  1892–1894 || [[Number theory]]. ([[Prime number theorem|distribution of primes]]; [[Diophantus]] and his works, quadratic and biquadratic reciprocity, reduction theory of [[quadratic form]]s, class numbers.)
|-
| 12  || align=right |  1894–1896 ||
|-
| 13  || align=right |  1896–1898 ||
|-
| 14  || align=right |  1898–1899 ||
|-
| 15  || align=right |  1899–1900 ||
|-
| 16  || align=right |  1900–1901 ||
|-
| 17  || align=right |  1901 ||
|-
| 18  || align=right |  1901–1902 ||
|-
| 19  || align=right |  1902–1903 ||
|-
| 20  || align=right |  1903–1904 || [[Fluid dynamics|Hydrodynamics]].
|-
| 21  || align=right |  1904–1905 ||
|-
| 22  || align=right |  1905 ||
|-
| 23  || align=right |  1905–1906 || [[Factor of automorphy|Automorphic functions]].
|-
| 24  || align=right |  1906 ||
|-
| 25  || align=right |  1906–1907 ||
|-
| 26  || align=right |  1907 ||
|-
| 27  || align=right |  1907–1909 || Hydrodynamics seminar with special attention to the hydrodynamics of ships.<br>Ship waves; Ship propellers; Ship resistance in unbounded water.
|-
| 28  || align=right |  1911 || Insurance mathematics.
|-
| 29  || align=right |  1909–1912 || Mathematics and psychology.
|}
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Felix klein protocols}}
[[Category:Mathematics manuscripts]]
 
{{mathpublication-stub}}

Revision as of 18:01, 17 March 2013

"The Felix Klein Protocols" is a collection of handwritten records of the Göttingen seminar lectures of Felix Klein and his school. They span over 8000 pages in 29 volumes, and are regarded as one of the richest records of mathematical activity in modern times.[1] The previously unpublished Klein Protocols were made available digitally in 2006.[2]

Years covered

From 1872 to 1896 Klein conducted his seminars alone, mainly in pure mathematics. The years 1897–1913 show collaborations with mathematicians such as David Hilbert, Karl Schwarzschild, Ludwig Prandtl, Carl Runge and Hermann Minkowski.

Klein Protokolle
Volume Years Some topics covered
1 1872–1880 Seminars on various topics in geometry and algebra.
(Geometric problems of the 3rd and 4th degree; The physical theory of the northern lights; Rational transformations; Elements of arithmetics; Analytic geometry of space; The imaginary in geometry; On scrolls of degree 4; The elements of function theory; Investigations on algebraic functions; Newtonian and logarithmic potential; The distribution of heat in a sphere; The tautochrone problem.)
2 1880–1881
München, Sommersemester 1880
8. Mai Dyck Normalform für Irrationalitäten durch regulär verzweigte Riemannsche Flächen 1
15. Mai Dyck Problem der Analysis situs 4
29. Mai Bianchi Tetraederirrationalität 6
5. Juni Bianchi Fortsetzung 8
13. Juni Bianchi Ikosaederirrationalität 12
4. Juli Bianchi Fortsetzung 15
11. Juli Bianchi Fortsetzung 21
Leipzig, Wintersemester 1880/81
1. Nov Lange Gestaltliches über Baumkurven 4. Ordnung 31
8. Nov Dyck Über eine reguläre Riemannsche Fläche vom Geschlechte 3 und der zugehörigen Normalkurve 4ter Ordnung 36
15. Nov - Freie Besprechung 42
22. Nov Baumgart Equipollenzen (nach Bellavitis) 43
Stöhr Kartenprojection 44
29. Nov Stringham Vierdimensionale reguläre Körper 46
6. Dez Hurwitz Bildung der Modulfunctionen 67
13. Dez Büttner Convergenz von 71
20. Dez Brunel Bestimmung des Geschlechts 76
3. Jan Veronese Einige merkwürdige Configurationen 80
10. Jan Stande Lineare Gleichungen zwischen eliptischen Coordinaten 93
17. Jan Baumgart Ueber das cubische Reciprocitätsgesetz 101
24. Jan Lange Gruppierungen der 16 Hyperosculationspuncte einer Raumkurve vierter Ordnung 1. Species 106
31. Jan Brunel Ueber die Analysis situs 114
7. Feb Stöhr Zur Theorie des Condensators 121
14. Feb Dyck Fläche der Galois'schen Resolvente 126
21. Feb Hurwitz Eine neue Functionenreihe 131
28. Feb Stringham Gruppen von Bewegungen bei regulären Körpern 147
7. Mar Büttner Functionentheoretische Sätze von Picard 165
3 1881–1882
4 1882–1883 Hyperelliptic abelian and theta functions.
5 1883–1884
6 1884–1885
7 1885–1886 Hyperelliptic functions and the Kummer surface.
8 1886–1887
9 1887–1889
10 1889–1892
11 1892–1894 Number theory. (distribution of primes; Diophantus and his works, quadratic and biquadratic reciprocity, reduction theory of quadratic forms, class numbers.)
12 1894–1896
13 1896–1898
14 1898–1899
15 1899–1900
16 1900–1901
17 1901
18 1901–1902
19 1902–1903
20 1903–1904 Hydrodynamics.
21 1904–1905
22 1905
23 1905–1906 Automorphic functions.
24 1906
25 1906–1907
26 1907
27 1907–1909 Hydrodynamics seminar with special attention to the hydrodynamics of ships.
Ship waves; Ship propellers; Ship resistance in unbounded water.
28 1911 Insurance mathematics.
29 1909–1912 Mathematics and psychology.

References

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Template:Mathpublication-stub

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