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{{Expert-subject|Chemistry|date=November 2008}} | |||
==General description== | |||
The PMF is a type of experiment which can be done in Monte Carlo or Molecular Dynamics simulations which examines how a system's energy changes as a function of some specific reaction coordinate parameter. For example, it may examine how the system's energy changes as a function of the distance between two residues, or as a protein is pulled through a lipid bilayer. Often PMF experiments are used in conjunction with umbrella sampling because typically the PMF experiment will fail to adequately sample the system space as it proceeds.<ref>A. R. Leach, ''Molecular Modelling: Principles and Applications'', 2001, ISBN 0-582-38210-6</ref> | |||
==Mathematical description== | |||
The '''Potential of Mean Force''' <ref>[[John Gamble Kirkwood|Kirkwood, J. G.]] Statistical Mechanics of fluid Mixtures. J. Chem. Phys. 1935, 3, 300; Statistical Mechanics of Liquid Solutions. Chemical Reviews 1936, 19, 275.</ref> of a system with N molecules is strictly the potential that gives the average force over all the configurations of all the n+1...N molecules acting on a particle ''j'' at any fixed configuration keeping fixed a set of molecules 1...n | |||
::<math>-\nabla_jw^{(n)} \, = \, \frac {\int e^{-\beta V} (- \nabla_j V)d q_{n+1}...dq_N } {\int e^{-\beta V} d q_{n+1} ....dq_N} j =1,2,....,n </math> | |||
Above, <math> \nabla_jw^{(n)} </math> is the averaged force, i.e. "mean force". And <math> w^{(n)} </math> is the so-called potential of the mean force. For <math> n=2 </math>, <math> w^{(2)}(r) </math> is the average work needed to bring the two particles from infinite separation to a distance <math> r </math>. It is also related to the [[radial distribution function]] of the system, <math> g(r) </math>, by:<ref>See Chandler, section 7.3</ref> | |||
::<math> g(r) = e^{-\beta w^{(2)}(r)} </math> | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Statistical potential]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
==Further reading== | |||
*McQuarrie, D. A. Statistical Mechanics. | |||
*[[David Chandler (chemist)|Chandler, D.]] (1987). [[Introduction to Modern Statistical Mechanics]]. Oxford University Press. | |||
==External links== | |||
* [http://klingon.uab.es/prat/Thesis/node51.html Potential of Mean force] | |||
[[Category:Physical chemistry]] | |||
{{Chem-stub}} |
Revision as of 03:30, 28 October 2013
General description
The PMF is a type of experiment which can be done in Monte Carlo or Molecular Dynamics simulations which examines how a system's energy changes as a function of some specific reaction coordinate parameter. For example, it may examine how the system's energy changes as a function of the distance between two residues, or as a protein is pulled through a lipid bilayer. Often PMF experiments are used in conjunction with umbrella sampling because typically the PMF experiment will fail to adequately sample the system space as it proceeds.[1]
Mathematical description
The Potential of Mean Force [2] of a system with N molecules is strictly the potential that gives the average force over all the configurations of all the n+1...N molecules acting on a particle j at any fixed configuration keeping fixed a set of molecules 1...n
Above, is the averaged force, i.e. "mean force". And is the so-called potential of the mean force. For , is the average work needed to bring the two particles from infinite separation to a distance . It is also related to the radial distribution function of the system, , by:[3]
See also
References
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Further reading
- McQuarrie, D. A. Statistical Mechanics.
- Chandler, D. (1987). Introduction to Modern Statistical Mechanics. Oxford University Press.
External links
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- ↑ A. R. Leach, Molecular Modelling: Principles and Applications, 2001, ISBN 0-582-38210-6
- ↑ Kirkwood, J. G. Statistical Mechanics of fluid Mixtures. J. Chem. Phys. 1935, 3, 300; Statistical Mechanics of Liquid Solutions. Chemical Reviews 1936, 19, 275.
- ↑ See Chandler, section 7.3