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In [[mathematics]], a '''taut foliation''' is a [[codimension]] 1 [[foliation]] of a [[3-manifold]] with the property that there is a single transverse circle intersecting every leaf.  By transverse circle, is meant a closed loop that is always transverse to the tangent field of the foliation.  Equivalently, by a result of [[Dennis Sullivan]], a codimension 1 foliation is taut if there exists a [[Riemannian metric]] that makes each leaf a [[minimal surface]].
 
Taut foliations were brought to prominence by the work of [[William Thurston]] and [[David Gabai]].
 
==Related concepts==
Taut foliations are closely related to the concept of [[Reebless foliation]]. A taut foliation cannot have a [[Reeb component]], since the component would act like a "dead-end" from which a transverse curve could never escape; consequently, the boundary torus of the Reeb component has no transverse circle puncturing it. A Reebless foliation can fail to be taut but the only leaves of the foliation with no puncturing transverse circle must be compact, and in particular, homeomorphic to a torus.
 
==Properties==
The existence of a taut foliation implies various useful properties about a closed 3-manifold.  For example, a closed, orientable 3-manifold, which admits a taut foliation with no sphere leaf, must be [[irreducible (mathematics)|irreducible]], covered by <math>\mathbb R^3</math>, and have [[negatively curved group|negatively curved]] [[fundamental group]].
 
==Rummler–Sullivan theorem==
By a theorem of Rummler and Sullivan the following conditions are equivalent for transversely orientable codimension one foliations <math>\left(M,{\mathcal{F}}\right)</math> of closed, orientable, smooth manifolds M:
*<math>\mathcal{F}</math> is taut;
*there is a flow transverse to <math>\mathcal{F}</math> which preserves some volume form on M;
*there is a Riemannian metric on M for which the leaves of <math>\mathcal{F}</math> are least area surfaces.
 
[[Category:3-manifolds]]
[[Category:Foliations]]

Revision as of 09:01, 27 February 2014

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