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| '''Cardiac index''' ('''CI''') is a [[haemodynamic]] parameter that relates the [[cardiac output]] (CO) to body surface area (BSA),<ref name="urlCardiac Catheterization: Cardiovascular Tests and Procedures: Merck Manual Professional">{{cite web |url=http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec07/ch070/ch070b.html |title=Cardiac Catheterization: Cardiovascular Tests and Procedures: Merck Manual Professional |format= |work= |accessdate=2009-03-06}}</ref> thus relating heart performance to the size of the individual. The unit of measurement is [[litre]]s per [[minute]] per square metre (L/min/m<sup>2</sup>).
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| ==Calculation==
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| The index is usually calculated using the following formula:
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| :<math>CI = \frac{CO}{BSA} = \frac{SV*HR}{BSA}</math> | |
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| where
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| : CI=Cardiac index
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| : BSA=[[Body surface area]]
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| : SV=[[Stroke volume]] | |
| : HR=[[Heart rate]]
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| : CO=[[Cardiac output]]
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| ==Clinical significance==
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| The normal range of cardiac index in rest is 2.6 - 4.2 L/min/m<sup>2</sup>.
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| It is frequently measured and used in intensive care medicine, and cardiac intensive care. It is a useful marker of how well the heart is functioning as a pump by directly correlating the volume of blood pumped by the heart with an individual's body surface area.
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| If the CI falls below 1.8 L/min/m<sup>2</sup>, the patient may be in [[cardiogenic shock]].
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| [[Category:Cardiovascular physiology]]
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| {{health-stub}}
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| {{Cardiovascular physiology}}
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Latest revision as of 07:19, 27 May 2014
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