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*http://www.serendipity.li/dmt/hoasca.html
*:''Triggered by <code>\bserendipity\.li\b</code> on the local blacklist''|bot=Cyberbot II}}
{{cleanup-bare URLs|date=March 2013}}
 
[[File:Salvia divinorum - Herba de Maria.jpg|thumb|220px|right|''[[Salvia divinorum]],'' a psychedelic sage ]]
 
A list of plants that are used as [[hallucinogen]]s. Some of them have been used for thousands of years for religious purposes. The plants are listed according to the substances they contain.
 
==THC==
[[File:Cannabis flowering.jpg|thumb|right|100px|Cannabis plant]]
 
{{Main|Cannabis (drug)}}
Cannabis (Marijuana) is a popular psychoactive plant that is often used recreationally.  Cannabis is also unique in that it contains a psychoactive substance, [[THC]], which contains no nitrogen and is not an [[indole]], [[tryptamine]], [[phenethylamine]],  [[anticholinergic]] (deliriant), or a [[dissociative]] drug. Cannabis plants tend to vary, with different strains producing dynamic balances of psychoactive cannabinoids (THC, CBD, etc.) that cause different strains to produce markedly different effects, popular strains often being hybrids of both ''[[Cannabis sativa]]'' and ''[[Cannabis indica]]''.
Some universities and research firms currently study the medicinal effects of cannabis. Many jurisdictions have laws regulating (or outright prohibiting) the sale and use of [[medical cannabis]] to treat pain, insomnia, and stimulate appetite.
 
==Tryptamines==
[[File:Dimethyltryptamine.svg|thumb|140px|right|[[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]] Molecule in 2D]]
 
[[File:Dimethyltryptamine-3d-sticks.png|thumb|140px|right|DMT Molecule in 3D]]
Many of the psychedelic plants contain dimethyltryptamine ([[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]]), which is either snorted (Virola, Yopo snuffs), smoked, or drunk with MAOIs ([[Ayahuasca]]). It cannot simply be eaten as it is not orally active without an [[MAOI]] and it needs to be extremely concentrated to be smokable.
 
===[[Acanthaceae]]===
''Species'', ''Alkaloid content, where given, refers to dried material''
 
</li><ul><li>''[[Fittonia albivenis]]'', a common ornamental plant from South America. It is useful in the treatment of headaches, etc.
  <!-- Justicia pectoralis does NOT contain dimethyltryptamine See this study http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6097774 . -->
</li><li>''[[Justicia pectoralis]]'', DMT in leaves<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.serendipity.li/dmt/hoasca.html
|title=Ayahuasca Analogues
|publisher=www.serendipity.li
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Aceraceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acer saccharinum]]'' (Silver Maple Tree) was found to contain the indole alkaloid [[gramine]] (not active and extremely toxic) 0.05% in the leaves, so it is possible that other members of this plant family contain active compounds.<ref>[http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/joceah/1959/24/i09/f-pdf/f_jo01091a032.pdf?sessid=6006l3 IJ PACHTER, DE ZACHARIAS, O RIBEIRO - The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1959 -]</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Aizoaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma acuminatum]]'',  DMT, 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred">[http://www.entheogen.com/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download/gid,6/Itemid,42/ Trouts Notes on Sacred Cacti]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Delosperma cooperi]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/> [[File:Delosperma cooperi1.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Delosperma ecklonis]]'', DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma esterhuyseniae]]'', DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma hallii]]'', 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma harazianum]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
''Delosperma harazianum'' <br>Shibam, DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma hirtum]]'', DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
''Delosperma hallii <br>aff. litorale''
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Delosperma lydenbergense]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/> [[File:M. Delosperma lydenbergense flower.JPG|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Delosperma nubigenum]]'', 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/> [[File:Delosperma nubigenum.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Delosperma pageanum]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma pergamentaceum]]'', Traces of DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Delosperma tradescantioides]]'', DMT<ref name="sacred"/>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Apocynaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Prestonia amazonica]]'':  DMT<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://paranoia.lycaeum.org/psychedelics/tryptamines/dmt.info
|title=Profiles of Psychedelic Drugs
|publisher=paranoia.lycaeum.org
|accessdate=2008-04-19
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Voacanga africana]]'':  [[Ibogaine|Iboga alkaloids]]
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Fabaceae]] (Leguminosae)===
 
</li><ul><li><li>''[[Acacia acuminata]]'', Up to 1.5% alkaloids, mainly consisting of [[dimethyltryptamine]] in bark & leaf<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=15928
|title=Lycaeum > Leda > Acacia acuminata
|publisher=leda.lycaeum.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> Also, Harman, Tryptamine, NMT, other alkaloids in leaf.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=27722&p=1 |title=The Acacia Analysis Thread - Plant Analysis and Substance Testing - Welcome to the DMT-Nexus |publisher=Dmt-nexus.me |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia alpina]]'', Active principles in leaf<ref name="shaman">[http://shaman-australis.com.au/shop/index.php?cPath=21_26_72 Shaman Australis]</ref> [[File:Alpina mueller.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia angustissima]]'', β-methyl-phenethylamine,<ref name="dict">{{cite book
| last = Glasby
| first = John Stephen
| authorlink =
| title = Dictionary of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites
| url = http://books.google.com/?id=te53VV5u8YMC&pg=RA1-PA2&dq=acacia+alkaloids
| publisher = [[CRC Press]]
| series =
| year = 1991
| doi =
| isbn = 0-85066-423-3
| page = 2 }}</ref> NMT and DMT in leaf (1.1-10.2 ppm)<ref>Nutritive value assessment of the tropical shrub legume Acacia angustissima: anti-nutritional compounds and in vitro digestibility. Personal Authors: McSweeney, C. S., Krause, D. O., Palmer, B., Gough, J., Conlan, L. L., Hegarty, M. P.Author Affiliation: CSIRO Livestock Industries, Long Pocket Laboratories, 120 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. Document Title: Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2005 (Vol. 121) (No. 1/2) 175-190</ref> [[File:Acacia angustissima usgs.png|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia aroma]]'', Tryptamine alkaloids.<ref>[http://www.maya-ethnobotanicals.com/product_info.phtml/herbid_340/category_ayahuasca Maya Ethnobotanicals]</ref> Significant amount of tryptamine in the seeds.<ref name="herbarium">[http://herbarium.0-700.pl/Akacje.html Acacia (Polish)]</ref> [[File:Acacia-aroma.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia auriculiformis]]'', 5-MeO-DMT in stem bark<ref>[http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=15931 Lycaeum]</ref> [[File:Starr 031013-8001 Acacia auriculiformis.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Cootamundra wattle|Acacia baileyana]]'', 0.02% tryptamine and [[carboline|β-carbolines]], in the leaf, [[Tetrahydroharman]]<ref name="chemotaxonomie" /> [[File:Acacia baileyana.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia beauverdiana]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="bushfood">[http://www.bushfood.net/viewtopic.php?p=3443 www.bushfood.net]</ref> Ash used in [[Pituri]].<ref name="enth">[http://www.entheology.org/edoto/anmviewer.asp?a=47 Duboisia hopwoodii - Pituri Bush - Solanaceae - Central America]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia berlandieri]]'', DMT, [[amphetamines]], [[mescaline]], [[nicotine]]<ref>[http://www.cognitiveliberty.org/shulgin/adsarchive/acacia.htm Ask Dr. Shulgin Online: Acacias and Natural Amphetamine]</ref> [[File:Acacia-berlandieri-flowers4.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia catechu]]'', DMT<ref name="sacred">[http://www.sacredelixirs.com/sacredelixirs-talks.htm Sacred Elixirs]</ref> and other tryptamines in leaf, bark [[File:Acacia catechu - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-003.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia caven]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="enzyk">Index of Rätsch, Christian. Enzyklopädie der psychoaktiven Pflanzen, Botanik, Ethnopharmakologie und Anwendungen, 7. Auflage. AT Verlag, 2004, 941 Seiten. ISBN 3-85502-570-3 at [http://www.deutschesfachbuch.de/info/detail.php?isbn=3855025703&part=4&word=] {{Language icon|de|German}}</ref> [[File:Acaciacaven29b.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia chundra]]'', DMT and other tryptamines in leaf, bark
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia colei]]'', DMT<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/science/k2/stn/q&a/notes/051027-9.htm www.abc.net.au]</ref>
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia complanata]]'', 0.3% alkaloids in leaf and stem, almost all N-methyl-tetrahydroharman, with traces of tetrahydroharman, some of tryptamine<ref>[http://users.lycaeum.org/~mulga/acacia/comphy.html Acacia Complanata Phytochemical Studies]</ref><ref>[http://users.lycaeum.org/~mulga/acacia/entheo.html Lycaeum -- Acacias and Entheogens]</ref><ref>[http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=15796 Lycaeum]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia confusa]]'', DMT & NMT in leaf, stem & bark 0.04% NMT and 0.02% DMT in stem.<ref name="shaman"/> Also N,N-dimethyltryptamine [[N-oxide]]<ref>[http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/mrc.1959 NMR spectral assignments of a new chlorotryptamine alkaloid and its analogues from Acacia confusa]
Malcolm S. Buchanan, Anthony R. Carroll, David Pass, Ronald J. Quinn
Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry
Volume 45, Issue 4 , Pages359 - 361.
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</ref> [[File:Starr 050107-2872 Acacia confusa.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia cornigera]]'', Psychoactive,<ref name="enzyk"/> Tryptamines<ref name="fachforum">[http://web.archive.org/web/20080626102405/http://www.naturheilpraxis.de/exclusiv/nh-online/2005/nhp05/a_nh-ff02.html Naturheilpraxis Fachforum (German)]</ref> [[File:A-cornigera.jpg|thumb|left|80px]] DMT according to C. Rastch.
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia cultriformis]]'', Tryptamine, in the leaf, stem<ref name="shaman" /> and seeds.<ref name="herbarium" /> Phenethylamine in leaf and seeds<ref name="herbarium" /> [[File:Acacia cultriformis leaves.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia cuthbertsonii]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="bushfood" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia decurrens]]'', Psychoactive,<ref name="enzyk" /> but less than 0.02% alkaloids<ref name="chemotaxonomie">[http://books.google.com/books?id=YpnboQBbw7EC&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&dq=acacia+tryptamine&source=web&ots=0u_bIQPwCN&sig=Q1e_NiyQSMsv0gNT0gMjOrgTseM Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen By Robert Hegnauer]</ref> [[File:Acacia-decurrens-catalina.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia delibrata]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="bushfood" />
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia falcata]]'', Psychoactive,<ref name="bushfood" /> but less than 0.02% alkaloids<ref name="chemotaxonomie" /> Psychoactive 0.2-0.3% alkaloids<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=23472&p=6 |title=Trying to improve Acacia information - Collaborative Research Project - Welcome to the DMT-Nexus |publisher=Dmt-nexus.me |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia farnesiana]]'', Traces of 5-MeO-DMT<ref>[http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=15965 Lycaeum]</ref> in fruit. β-methyl-phenethylamine, flower.<ref name="drduke2">[http://www.ars-grin.gov/duke/plants.html Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases]</ref> Ether extracts about 2-6% of the dried leaf mass.<ref name="rirdc.gov.au">[http://www.rirdc.gov.au/reports/AFT/03-024.pdf Wattle Seed Workshop Proceedings 12 March 2002, Canberra March 2003 RIRDC Publication No 03/024, RIRDC Project No WS012-06]</ref> Alkaloids are present in the bark<ref>[http://www.bpi.da.gov.ph/Publications/mp/pdf/a/aroma.pdf www.bpi.da.gov.ph]</ref> and leaves.<ref>[http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Acacia_farnesiana.html Purdue University]</ref> Amphetamines and mescaline also found in tree.<ref name="fachforum" /> [[File:Acaciafarnesiana1web.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia flavescens]]'', Strongly Psychoactive, Bark.
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia floribunda]]'', Tryptamine, phenethylamine,<ref name="tax">{{cite book
| last = Hegnauer
| first = Robert
| authorlink =
| title = Chemotaxonomie der Pflanzen
| url = http://books.google.com/?id=9fDv1RYqIRkC&dq=chemotaxonomie+der+pflanzen&printsec=frontcover#PPA290,M1
| publisher = Springer
| series =
| year = 1994
| doi =
| isbn = 3-7643-2979-3
| page = 500 }}</ref> in flowers<ref name="herbarium" /> other tryptamines,<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=16001
  |title=Lycaeum > Leda > Acacia floribunda
|publisher=leda.lycaeum.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> DMT,tryptamine,NMT 0.3-0.4% phyllodes.<ref>Voogelbreinder, S. "Garden Of Eden" 2009</ref>
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia georginae]]'', Psychoactive,<ref name="enzyk" /> plus deadly toxins
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia horrida]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="enzyk" /> [[File:Acacia-horrida.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia implexa]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="magis">[http://wiki.magiskamolekyler.org/index.php?title=Lista_%c3%b6ver_hallucinogena_v%c3%a4xter,_svampar_och_djur wiki.magiskamolekyler.org (Swedish)]</ref> [[File:A.Implexa.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia jurema]]'', DMT, NMT
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia karroo]]'', Psychoactive [[File:Acacia karroo2.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia laeta]]'', DMT, in the leaf<ref name="shaman" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia longifolia]]'', 0.2% tryptamine in bark, leaves, some in flowers, phenylethylamine in flowers,<ref name="tax" /> 0.2% DMT in plant.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://leda.lycaeum.org/?ID=15799
|title=Lycaeum > Leda > Acacia longifolia
|publisher=leda.lycaeum.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}</ref> Histamine alkaloids.<ref name="chemotaxonomie" />  [[File:Acacia-longifolia-branch.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
''[[Acacia sophorae]]'', Tryptamine in leaves, bark<ref name="herbarium"  />
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia macradenia]]'', Tryptamine<ref name="herbarium" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia maidenii]]'', 0.6% NMT and DMT in about a 2:3 ratio in the stem bark, both present in leaves<ref name="shaman" /> [[File:Acacia maidenii.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia mangium]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="enzyk" /> [[File:Starr 031013-8002 Acacia mangium.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia melanoxylon]]'', DMT, in the bark and leaf,<ref>[http://extentech.sheetster.com/knowledgebase/wiki_search.jsp?search=acacia extentech.sheetster.com ]</ref> but less than 0.02% total alkaloids<ref name="chemotaxonomie" /> [[File:Acacia melanoxylon branch.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia mellifera]]'', DMT, in the leaf<ref name="shaman" /> [[File:Acacia mellifera 3D-Modell.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia nilotica]]'', DMT, in the leaf<ref name="shaman" /> [[File:Acacia-nilotica.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia nilotica subsp. adstringens]]'', Psychoactive, DMT in the leaf
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia neurophylla]]'' DMT in bark, Harman in leaf.<ref>S. Voogelbreinder "Garden Of Eden" 2009</ref>
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia obtusifolia]]'', Tryptamine, DMT, NMT, other tryptamines,<ref name="magis">[http://wiki.magiskamolekyler.org/Lista_över_hallucinogena_växter,_svampar_och_djur wiki.magiskamolekyler.org (Swedish)]</ref> 0.4-0.5% in dried bark,0.15-0.2% in leaf, 0.07% in branch tips.<ref>[http://users.lycaeum.org/~mulga/acacia/obtuphy.html Acacia obtusifolia Phytochemical Studies]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia oerfota]]'', Less than 0.1% DMT in leaf,<ref>[http://www.drogen-forum.com/wiki/index.php/DMT-haltige_Pflanzen Plants Containing DMT (German)]</ref> NMT
 
</li><li>''[[Acacia penninervis]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="bushfood" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia phlebophylla]]'', 0.3% DMT in leaf, NMT<ref name="shaman" /> [[File:Acacia phlebophylla.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia podalyriaefolia]]'', Tryptamine in the leaf,<ref name="shaman" /> 0.5% to 2% DMT in fresh bark, phenethylamine, trace amounts.<ref name="tax" /> Although this species is claimed to contain 0.5% to 2% DMT in fresh bark the reference for this is invalid as there is no reference to Acacia Podalyriffolia anywhere in the reference article.  Additionally, well known and proven extraction techniques for DMT have failed to produce any DMT or alkaloids from fresh bark or the leaves on multiple sample taken at various seasons.  Should DMT actually exist in this species of Acacia then it exists in extremely small amounts and have failed to produce any alkaloids with Acid/Base extraction techniques using HCl/Na(OH)2.  On the same note, more academic research is definitely required into the DMT content of this and other Australian Acacia species with proper chemical analysis of sample.{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}} [[File:Starr 020911-0004 Acacia podalyriifolia.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia polyacantha]]'', DMT in leaf<ref name="shaman" /> and other tryptamines in leaf, bark [[File:Acacia polycantha.png|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''Acacia polyacantha'' ssp. ''campylacantha'', Less than 0.2% DMT in leaf, NMT; DMT and other tryptamines in leaf, bark<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.hortipedia.org/de/index.php?title=Acacia_campylacantha
|title=Acacia campylacantha - Hortipedia
|publisher=www.hortipedia.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia rigidula]]'', DMT, NMT, tryptamine, traces of amphetamines, mescaline, nicotine and others<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://wiki.magiskamolekyler.org/Acacia_rigidula
|title=Acacia rigidula - Magiska Molekylers Wiki
|publisher=wiki.magiskamolekyler.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
[[File:Acacia rigidula.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia sassa]]'', Psychoactive<ref name="enzyk"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia schaffneri]]'', β-methyl-phenethylamine, [[Phenethylamine]]<ref name="chem">[http://uvalde.tamu.edu/pdf/chemtdaf.pdf Chemistry of Acacias from South Texas]</ref> Amphetamines and mescaline also found.<ref name="fachforum" /> [[File:Acacia-schaffneri-seed-pods.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia senegal]]'', Less than 0.1% DMT in leaf,<ref name="shaman" /> NMT, other tryptamines. DMT in plant,<ref name="drduke2" /> DMT in bark.<ref name="herbarium"/> [[File:Acacia senegal - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-004.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia seyal]]'', DMT, in the leaf.<ref name="shaman" /> Ether extracts about 1-7% of the dried leaf mass.<ref name="rirdc.gov.au"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia sieberiana]]'', DMT, in the leaf<ref name="shaman" /> [[File:Img00522-A-sieberiana.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia simplex]]'' [[File:Acacia simplex.jpg|thumb|left|80px]], DMT and NMT, in the leaf, stem and trunk bark, 0.81% DMT in bark, MMT<ref name="shaman" /><ref>[http://www.factorey.ch/Eins.htm Arbeitsstelle für praktische Biologie (APB)]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia tortilis]]'', DMT, NMT, and other tryptamines<ref name="magis" /> [[File:Eat267.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Acacia vestita]]'', Tryptamine, in the leaf and stem,<ref name="shaman"/> but less than 0.02% total alkaloids<ref name="chemotaxonomie"/> [[File:Acacia vestita.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Acacia victoriae]]'', Tryptamines, 5-MeO-alkyltryptamine<ref name="herbarium"/>
 
</li><li> '''List of Acacia Species Having Little or No Alkaloids in the Material Sampled:<ref name="chemotaxonomie"/>'''
 
(0% <math style="font-size:0.6em">\le</math> C <math style="font-size:0.6em">\le</math> 0.02%, Concentration of Alkaloids)
 
</li><ul><li>''[[Acacia acinacea]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia baileyana]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia decurrens]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia dealbata]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia mearnsii]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia drummondii]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia elata]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia falcata]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia leprosa]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia linearis]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia melanoxylon]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia pycnantha]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia retinodes]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia saligna]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia stricta]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia verticillata]]''
</li><li>''[[Acacia vestita]]''
 
</li></ul></li></ul><ul><li>''[[Albizia inundata]]'' leaves contain DMT.<ref name="enzyk"/>
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Anadenanthera colubrina]]'',
[[Bufotenin]], Beans,<ref name="uno">[http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/bulletin/bulletin_1965-01-01_2_page006.html?print=yes UNO]</ref><ref name="drduke">[http://sun.ars-grin.gov:8080/npgspub/xsql/duke/plantdisp.xsql?taxon=71 Dr. Duke's] Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases</ref> Bufotenin oxide, Beans,<ref name="uno" /> N,N-[[Dimethyltryptamine]], Beans,<ref name="uno"/><ref name="drduke"/> pods,<ref name="uno"/>  [[File:Anadenanthera colubrina.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil]]'' - [[Bufotenin]] and [[Dimethyltryptamine]] have been isolated from the seeds and seed pods, [[5-MeO-DMT]] from the bark of the stems.<ref name="herbo">[http://www.herbotecnia.com.ar/aut-curupay.html Herbotechnica (Spanish)]</ref> The seeds were found to contain 12.4% bufotenine, 0.06% 5-MeO-DMT and 0.06% [[dimethyltryptamine|DMT]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.erowid.org/archive/sonoran_desert_toad/ott.htm
|title=Bufo alvarius - Jonathan Ott on Bufotenine
|publisher=www.erowid.org
|accessdate=2008-02-23
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Anadenanthera peregrina]]'', 
1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methoxy-2,9-dimethyl-[[beta-carboline]], Plant,<ref name="drduke">[http://sun.ars-grin.gov:8080/npgspub/xsql/duke/plantdisp.xsql?taxon=72 Dr. Duke's] Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases</ref> 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-beta-carboline, Plant,<ref name="drduke" /> [[5-MeO-DMT|5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine]], Bark,<ref name="drduke" /> 5-Methoxy-N-methyltryptamine, Bark,<ref name="drduke" /> [[Bufotenin]], plant,<ref name="drduke" /> beans,<ref name="uno"/> [[Bufotenin]] [[N-oxide]], Fruit,<ref name="drduke" /> beans,<ref name="uno" /> N,N-Dimethyltryptamine-oxide, Fruit<ref name="drduke" /><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=Ec5hNgYWHtkC&pg=RA2-PA313&lpg=RA2-PA313&dq=%22dmt+n+oxide%22&source=web&ots=BqP13bWy2d&sig=YDxzS2LNTLuBTLU8F3bPdEX0oWY Psychedelics Encyclopedia By Peter G. Stafford, p. 313.]</ref>  [[File:Anadenanthera peregrina.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina]]'',
[[Bufotenine]] is in the seeds.<ref name="pubmed">[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11718320&dopt=Citation PubMed]</ref>
 
</li><li> ''[[Desmanthus illinoensis]]'', 0% - 0.34% DMT in root bark, highly variable.<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/ayahuasca_apa/aya_sec3_part2_desmanthus.shtml Desmanthus (Ayahuasca: alkaloids, plants & analogs)]</ref>  Also [[N-Methyltryptamine|NMT]], N-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine, 2-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine, and [[gramine]] (toxic).<ref>
{{cite book
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=bUV8C6iLFkEC&pg=PA236&lpg=PA236&dq=%22Mimosa+somnians%22#PPA199,M1
|title=Google Book Search
|publisher=books.google.com
|accessdate=2008-05-08
|last=
|first=
|isbn=978-3-7643-5165-6
|date=1996-07-30
}}
</ref>  [[File:Fern1.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Desmanthus leptolobus]]'', 0.14% DMT in root bark, more reliable than D. illinoensis<ref name=autogenerated1 /> [[File:Desmanthus leptolobus drawing.jpeg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Desmodium caudatum]]''<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?311307
|title=Desmodium caudatum information from NPGS/GRIN
|publisher=www.ars-grin.gov
|accessdate=2008-05-02
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> (syn.  ''Ohwia caudata'' ), Roots: 0.087% DMT,
 
</li><li>''[[Desmodium intortum]]'', Bufotentine, DMT<ref>[http://www.crcsalinity.com/documents/key_publications/Pharma-neutra%20bull%20final.pdf Pharmaceutical-Neutraceutical Bulletin, Final]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Codariocalyx motorius]]''(syn. ''Desmodium gyrans''), DMT, 5-MEO-DMT, leaves, roots<ref name="hoasca">{{cite web
|url=http://www.serendipity.li/dmt/hoasca.html
|title=Ayahuasca Analogues
|publisher=www.serendipity.li
|accessdate=2008-04-28
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref> [[File:Codariocalyx motorius Taub39.png|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li>''[[Desmodium racemosum]]'', 5-MEO-DMT<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Desmodium triflorum]]'', 0.0004% DMT-N-oxide, roots,<ref name="trout-desmodium">[http://trout.yage.net/sc/D2_2004_Trout.pdf Trout's Notes on Desmodium]</ref> less in stems<ref name="trout-desmodium"/> and trace in leaves.<ref name="trout-desmodium"/> [[File:Starr 020803-0111 Desmodium triflorum.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Leonurus sibiricus]]'''','' Alkaloids</li><li> ''[[Lespedeza capitata]]'',  [[File:Lespedeza capitata habit.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Lespedeza bicolor]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in leaves and roots<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/> [[File:Lespedeza ja02.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Lespedeza bicolor var. japonica]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in leaves and root bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Mimosa ophthalmocentra]]'', Dried root: DMT 1.6%, NMT 0.0012% and hordenine 0.0065%<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~content=a714019539~db=all
|title=Isolation and Identification of Putative Hallucinogenic Constituents from the Roots of Mimosa ophthalmocentra - Pharmaceutical Biology
|publisher=www.informaworld.com
|accessdate=2008-04-20
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Mimosa scabrella]]'', Tryptamine, NMT, DMT and N-methyltetrahydrocarboline in bark<ref>
{{cite book
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=bUV8C6iLFkEC&pg=PA236&lpg=PA236&dq=%22Mimosa+somnians%22#PPA208,M1
|title=Google Book Search
|publisher=books.google.com
|accessdate=2008-05-07
|last=
|first=
|isbn=978-3-7643-5165-6
|date=1996-07-30
}}
</ref> [[File:Mimosa-scabrella.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li>''[[Mimosa somnians]]'', Trytamines and MMT
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Mimosa tenuiflora]]'' (syn. "Mimosa hostilis"), 0.31-0.57% [[Dimethyltryptamine|DMT]] (dry root bark).<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/ask/ask.php?ID=75 Ask Erowid ID 75]</ref> [[File:Mimosa Hostilis.jpg|thumb|left|80px]] mimosa hostilis contains dmt and 5-meo-dmt.
</li><li>
[[File:Mimosa verrucosa01.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
''[[Mimosa verrucosa]]'', DMT<ref name="unodc2">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/bulletin/bulletin_1969-01-01_4_page004.html
  | title = UNODC Bulletin on Narcotics 1969
}}</ref> in root bark
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Mucuna pruriens]]'', "The leaves, seeds, stems and roots contain L-Dopa, Serotonin, 5-HTP, and Nicotine, as well as N,N-DMT, Bufotenine, and 5-MeO-DMT."<ref>[http://www.erowid.org/plants/mucuna_pruriens/ Erowid entry(2002)]</ref> [[File:Mucuna-pruriens-fruit.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Petalostylis casseoides]]'', 0.4-0.5% tryptamine, DMT, etc. in leaves and stems<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Petalostylis labicheoides var. casseoides]]'', DMT in leaves and stems<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Phyllodium pulchellum]]''(syn. ''Desmodium pulchellum''), 0.2% 5-MeO-DMT, small quantities of DMT<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/> DMT (dominates in seedlings and young plants), 5-MEO-DMT (dominates in mature plant), whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Erythrina flabelliformis]]'', other ''[[Erythrina]]'' species, seeds contain the alkaloids [[Erysodin]] and [[Erysovin]]<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.giftpflanzen.com/erythrina_flabelliformis.html
|title=Kalifornischer Korallenstrauch (Erythrina decora) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com
|publisher=www.giftpflanzen.com
|accessdate=2008-04-18
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li></ul>
 
===[[Caesalpinioideae]] subfamily===
</li><ul><li style="clear:left">''[http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/texhtml.cgi?form=speciesfacts&genus=Petalostylis&species=cassioides Petalostylis cassioides]'':  0.4-0.5% tryptamine, DMT, etc. in leaves and stems<ref name="bluezoo">[http://bluezoo.org/tryptamines/plants.html Bluezoo Tryptamines]</ref>
</li><li style="clear:left">''[http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/texhtml.cgi?form=speciesfacts&genus=Petalostylis&species=labicheoides Petalostylis labicheoides]'', Tryptamines in leaves and stems, MAO's up to 0.5%<ref name="dmt-nexus">[http://www.dmt-nexus.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=26 Plants Containing DMT]</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
<ul><li style="clear:left">'''[[Lauraceae]]'''
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Nectandra megapotamica]]'', NMT<ref name="dmt-nexus">[http://www.dmt-nexus.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=1828&sid=907c4141f55f0ecd5275b5ae22893feb Plants Containing DMT List]</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Malpighiaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Diplopterys cabrerana]]'':  DMT 0.17-1.74%, average of 0.47% DMT<ref>[http://www.psychonaut.com/index.php?Itemid=11&option=com_forum&page=viewtopic&t=25189&lang=nl DMT Plants List]</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Myristicaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Horsfieldia superba]]'': 5-MeO-DMT<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/> and beta-carbolines<ref name="bluezoo"/>
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Iryanthera macrophylla]]'': 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/>
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Iryanthera ulei]]'': 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Osteophloem platyspermum]]'': DMT, 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola calophylla]]'', Leaves 0.149% DMT, leaves 0.006% MMT<ref name="hoasca"/> 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://sun.ars-grin.gov:8080/npgspub/xsql/duke/plantdisp.xsql?taxon=1065
|title=Species Information
|publisher=sun.ars-grin.gov
|accessdate=2008-04-11
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola callophylloidea]]'', DMT
 
</li><li>''[[Virola carinata]]'', DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola cuspidata]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola divergens]]'', DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Virola elongata]]''(syn. ''Virola theiodora''), DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in bark, roots, leaves and flowers<ref name="hoasca"/> [[File:Virola-theiodora-1860.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Virola melinonii]]'', DMT in bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola multinervia]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in bark and roots<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola pavonis]]'', DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola peruviana]]'', 5-MEO-DMT, traces of DMT and 5-MeO-tryptamine in bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola rufula]]'', Alkaloids in bark and root, 95% of which is MeO-DMT<ref name="tryptamines.com">[http://www.tryptamines.com/ www.tryptamines.com]</ref> 0.190% 5-MeO-DMT in bark,<ref name="hoasca"/> 0.135% 5-MeO-DMT in root, 0.092% DMT in leaves.<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola sebifera]]'', The bark contains 0.065% to 0.25% alkaloids, most of which are DMT and 5-MeO-DMT.<ref name="emea">[http://www.emea.europa.eu/pdfs/vet/mrls/060499en.pdf Committee for veterinary medicinal products virola sebifera summary report]</ref>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola surinamensis]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/> in bark<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Virola venosa]]'', DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in roots, leaves<ref name="hoasca"/> DMT
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Ochnaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Testulea gabonensis]]'':  0.2% 5-MeO-DMT, small quantities of DMT,<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/> DMT in bark and root bark,<ref name="hoasca"/> NMT
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Ochnaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">Genus ''[[Pandanus]]'' (Screw Pine):  DMT in nuts<ref name="tryptamine-faq"/>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Poaceae]] (Gramineae)===
Some Graminae (grass) species contain [[gramine]], which can cause brain damage, other organ damage, [[central nervous system]] damage and death in sheep.<ref>
{{cite book
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=eASgQyXq8xMC&pg=PA169&dq=%22mimosa+hostilis%22+dimethyltryptamine#PPA171,M1
|title=Toxicants of Plant Origin - Google Book Search
|publisher=books.google.com
|accessdate=2008-04-20
|last=
|first=
|isbn=978-0-8493-6990-2
|year=1989
}}</ref>
 
</li><ul><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Arundo donax]]'', 0.0057% DMT in dried rhizome, no stem, 0.026% bufotenine, 0.0023% 5-MeO-MMT<ref name="erowid1">[http://www.erowid.org/plants/arundo_donax/arundo_donax_info1.shtml Erowid Arundo Donax Info Page 1]</ref> [[File:Arundo.donax2web.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Phalaris aquatica]]'', 0.0007-0.18% Total alkaloids,<ref name="lycaeum" /> 0.100% DMT,<ref name="erowid">[http://www.erowid.org/plants/phalaris/phalaris_faq.shtml Erowid Phalaris FAQ]</ref> 0.022% 5-MeO-DMT,<ref name="erowid" /> 0.005% 5-OH-DMT<ref name="erowid" /> [[File:Phalaris aquatica.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Phalaris arundinacea]]'', 0.0004-0.121% Total alkaloids<ref name="lycaeum">[http://nepenthes.lycaeum.org/Plants/Phalaris/DMTLU.html Lycaeum]</ref>  [[File:Rietgras bloeiwijze Phalaris arundinacea.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Phalaris brachystachys]]'', Aerial parts up to 3% total alkaloids, DMT present{{Citation needed|date=September 2007}}
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Phragmites australis]]'', DMT in roots.<ref name="hoasca"/> None of the above alkaloids are said to have been found in ''[[Phalaris californica]]'', ''[[Phalaris canariensis]]'', ''[[Phalaris minor]]'' and hybrids of ''P. arundinacea'' together with ''P. aquatica''.<ref name="lycaeum" />  [[File:Phragmites australis Schilfrohr.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Polygonaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Erigonum]]'' sp.: DMT<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Punicaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Punica granatum]]'' "DMT in root cortex;"<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>  The dried stem and root bark of the tree contain about 0.4-0.9% alkaloids.<ref>[http://www.herbdatanz.com/pomeganate.htm Pomegranate (Herbdata New Zealand)]</ref>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Rubiaceae]]===
* ''[[Mitragyna speciosa]]'', [[7-hydroxymitragynine]] <ref name="Kratom">{{cite journal|title=Pharmacology of Kratom: An Emerging Botanical Agent With Stimulant, Analgesic and Opioid-Like Effects|url=http://www.jaoa.org/content/112/12/792.long|journal=J Am Osteopath Assoc|date=December 1, 2012|volume=112|number=12|page=792-799|pmid=23212430}}</ref>
* ''[[Psychotria carthagenensis]]'', 0.2% average DMT in dried leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
* ''[[Psychotria expansa]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
* ''[[Psychotria forsteriana]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
* ''[[Psychotria insularum]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
* ''[[Psychotria poeppigiana]]'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discoverlife.org/mp/20q?search=Psychotria+poeppigiana |title=Psychotria poeppigiana - Uragoga tomentosa |publisher=Discover Life |date= |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref> DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/> [[File:Psychotria poeppigiana.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
* ''[[Psychotria rostrata]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
* ''[[Psychotria rufipilis]]'', DMT<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
* ''[[Psychotria viridis]]'', DMT 0.1-0.61% dried mass.<ref>[http://www.amazing-nature.com/-i-36.html?osCsid=38ad41e62a454589a0afd2d17ae0fa40 Amazing Nature]</ref> [[File:Psychotria viridis.gif|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Rutaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">
 
''[[Dictyoloma incanescens]]'', 5-MeO-DMT in leaves,<ref name="hoasca"/><ref name="tryptamines.com"/> 0.04% 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref name="tryptamine-faq">[http://www.erowid.org/psychoactives/faqs/faqs_tryptamine.shtml Erowid Tryptamine FAQ]</ref>  [[File:Dictyoloma incanescens.png|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Dutaillyea drupacea]]'', > 0.4% 5-MeO-DMT in leaves<ref name="magis"/><ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Dutaillyea oreophila]]'', 5-MeO-DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Tetradium ruticarpum]]''(syn. ''Evodia rutaecarpa''), 5-MeO-DMT in leaves,<ref name="hoasca"/> fruit and roots  [[File:Rutaceae sp SZ21.png|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> ''[[Limonia acidissima]]'', 5-MeO-DMT in stems<ref name="hoasca"/> [[File:Limonia acidissima syn Limonia elephantum or Fernonia limonia (wood-apple) in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8334.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Euodia leptococca]]'' (formerly ''Melicope''), 0.2% total alkaloids, 0.07% 5-MeO-DMT; 5-MeO-DMT in leaves and stems,<ref name="hoasca"/> also "5-MeO-DMT-Oxide and a beta-carboline"<ref name="bluezoo"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Pilocarpus organensis]]'', 5-MeO-DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Vepris ampody]]'', Up to 0.2% DMT in leaves and branches<ref name="hoasca"/><ref name="tryptamine-faq"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Zanthoxylum arborescens]]'', DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li><li>''[[Zanthoxylum procerum]]'', DMT in leaves<ref name="hoasca"/>
 
</li></li></ul>
 
===[[Urticaceae]]===
</li><ul><li><li style="clear:left">''[[Urtica pilulifera]]'': Bufotenin<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
</li></li></ul>
</li></li></ul>
<div style="clear:left">&nbsp;</div>
 
==Phenethylamines==
 
'''Species''', '''Alkaloid Content (Fresh)''' - '''Alkaloid Content (Dried)'''
 
<ul><li style="clear:left"> [[File:Baby Bridgesii.jpg|thumb|left|80px]] ''[[Echinopsis lageniformis]]''  (syn. ''Trichocereus bridgesii''), [[Mescaline]] > 0.025%,<ref name="the nook">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenook.org/archives/tek/alklist.htm |title=Partial List of Alkaloids in Trichocereus Cacti |publisher=Thenook.org |accessdate=2013-10-14}}</ref> also 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine < 1%, 3-methoxytyramine < 1%, tyramine < 1% - Mescaline 2%<ref>[http://www.a1b2c3.com/drugs/var014.htm Trichocereus]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left"> [[File:E.scopulicola.png|thumb|left|80px]]  ''[[Echinopsis scopulicola]]'' (syn. ''Trichocereus scopulicola''), Mescaline<ref name="guide">[[Echinopsis scopulicola|Lycaeum]]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis pachanoi]]'' [[File:Echinopsis-pachanoi-close-up.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Trichocereus pachanoi''), Mescaline 0.006-0.12%, 0.05% Average<ref name="netfirms" /> - Mescaline 0.01%-2.375%<ref name="netfirms" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis spachiana]]'' [[File:Lightmatter cactusflower.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Trichocereus spachianus''), Mescaline<ref name="mesc">[http://users.lycaeum.org/~iamklaus/botany.htm# Visionary Cactus Guide]</ref> - Mescaline<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Lophophora williamsii]]'' [[File:Peyote Cactus.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (Peyote), 0.4% Mescaline<ref name="guide">[http://www.erowid.org/plants/cacti/cacti_guide/cacti_guide_lophopho.shtml Erowid]</ref> - 3-6% Mescaline<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Opuntia acanthocarpa]]'' [[File:Opuntia acanthocarpa.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  Mescaline<ref name="mesc">[http://users.lycaeum.org/~iamklaus/opuntia.htm Lycaeum]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Opuntia basilaris]]'' [[File:Opuntia basilaris form.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  Mescaline 0.01%, plus 4-hydroxy-3-5-dimethoxyphenethylamine<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica]]''  (syn. ''Opuntia cylindrica''),<ref>[http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Opuntia_cylindrica.html ''Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica'' <http://www.desert-tropicals.com> ]</ref> Mescaline<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Cylindropuntia echinocarpa]]'' [[File:Cylindropuntia echinocarpa 2.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Opuntia echinocarpa''), Mescaline 0.01%, 3-4-dimethoxyphenethylamine 0.01%, 4-hydroxy-3-5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 0.01%<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">''[[Cylindropuntia spinosior]]''  (syn. ''Opuntia spinosior''),<ref>[http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Opuntia_spinosior.html ''Cylindropuntia spinosior'' (www.desert-tropicals.com)]</ref> Mescaline 0.00004%, 3-methoxytyramine 0.001%, tyramine 0.002%, 3-4-dimethoxyphenethylamine.<ref name="mesc"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis macrogona]]'' [[File:E.macrogona.png|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Trichocereus macrogonus''), > 0.01-0.05% Mescaline<ref name="nook2">[http://www.thenook.org/archives/tek/alklist.htm Partial List of Alkaloids in Trichocereus Cacti]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis peruviana]]'' [[File:KK242 Vs Standard Peruvian Torch.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Trichocereus peruvianus''), Mescaline 0.0005%-0.12%<ref name="netfirms">[http://entheogen.netfirms.com/articles/articles/Narcotic_Cacti.html Forbidden Fruit Archives]</ref> - Mescaline
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis tacaquirensis]]''  subsp. ''taquimbalensis''  (syn.  ''Trichocereus taquimbalensis''),<ref>[http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Echinopsis_taquimb.html Echinopsis tacaquirensis ssp. taquimbalensis]</ref> > 0.005-0.025% Mescaline<ref name="nook2"/>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis terscheckii]]'' [[File:Echinopsis terscheckii 5.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]  (syn. ''Trichocereus terscheckii'', ''Trichocereus werdemannianus'')<ref>[http://www.desert-tropicals.com/Plants/Cactaceae/Echinopsis_terscheckii.html www.desert-tropicals.com]</ref>  > 0.005-0.025% Mescaline<ref name="nook2"/> - Mescaline 0.01%-2.375%<ref name="netfirms" />
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Echinopsis valida]]'', 0.025% Mescaline<ref name="guide">[http://www.erowid.org/plants/cacti/cacti_guide/cacti_guide_lophopho.shtml Lycaeum]</ref>
 
</li><li style="clear:left">  ''[[Pelecyphora aselliformis]]'', Mescaline<ref name="guide">[[commons:Category:Pelecyphora aselliformis|Lycaeum]]</ref>
 
</li></ul>
<div style="clear:left">&nbsp;</div>
 
==Beta-carbolines==
 
<!-- if adding an image to this section, use the same image format and add  style="clear:left" to the "li" element in the row containing it AND the next "li" element - this keeps the images on a seperate line from the other items in the list -->
 
[[File:Harmaline (small).svg|thumb|right|100px|[[Harmaline]], a Beta-carboline]]
[[Beta-carboline]]s are "reversible" MAO-A inhibitors.  They are found in some plants used to make [[Ayahuasca]].  In high doses the harmala alkaloids are somewhat hallucinogenic on their own.
===[[Apocynaceae]]===
*''[[Amsonia tabernaemontana]]'', Harmine
*''[[Aspidosperma exalatum]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell">[http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/toxicagents/betacarbolines/bcarbfams.html Angiosperm Families Containing Beta-Carbolines]</ref>
*''[[Aspidosperma polyneuron]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Apocynum cannabinum]]'',  [[Harmalol]]<br>[[File:Apocynum cannabinum.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Ochrosia nakaiana]]'',  Harman
*''[[Pleicarpa mutica]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Bignoniaceae]]===
*''[[Newbouldia laevis]]'', Harman
 
===[[Calycanthaceae]]===
*''[[Calycanthus occidentalis]]'',  [[Harmine]]<br>[[File:Spice Bush Calycanthus occidentalis Leaf 3008px.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
===[[Chenopodiaceae]]===
*''[[Hammada leptoclada]]'', Tetrahydroharman, etc.
*''[[Kochia scoparia]]'', Harmine, etc.
 
===[[Combretaceae]]===
*''[[Guiera senegalensis]]'', Harman, etc.
===[[Cyperaceae]]===
*''[[Carex brevicollis]]'', Harmine, etc.
*''[[Carex parva]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Elaeagnaceae]]===
*''[[Elaeagnus angustifolia]]'', Harman, etc.<br>[[File:Elaeagnus angustifolia 20050608 852.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Elaeagnus commutata]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/><br>[[File:Elaeagnus-commutata-total.JPG|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Elaeagnus hortensis]]'',  Tetrahydroharman, etc.
*''[[Elaeagnus orientalis]]'',  Tetrahydroharman
*''[[Elaeagnus spinosa]]'',  Tetrahydroharman
*''[[Hippophae rhamnoides]]'',  Harman, etc.
*''[[Shepherdia argentea]]'',  Tetrahydroharmol<br>[[File:SilverBuffaloberry-SK..jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Shepherdia canadensis]]'',  Tetrahydroharmol<br>[[File:Shepherdia canadensis 38574.JPG|thumb|left|80px]]
 
===[[Gramineae]]===
*''[[Arundo donax]]'',  Tetrahydroharman<br>[[File:Arundo.donax2web.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Festuca arundinacea]]'',  Harman, etc.<br>[[File:Starr 030603-0006 Festuca arundinacea.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Lolium perenne]]'',  (Perennial Ryegrass),  Harman, etc.<br>[[File:Starr 001026-9002 Lolium perenne.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Phalaris aquatica]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Phalaris arundinacea]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Lauraceae]]===
*''[[Nectandra megapotamica]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
</ul>
===[[Leguminosae]]===
*''[[Acacia baileyana]]'', Tetrahydroharman
*''[[Acacia complanata]]'', Tetrahydroharman, etc.
*''[[Burkea africana]]'', Harman, etc.
*''[[Desmodium gangeticum]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Desmodium gyrans]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Desmodium pulchellum]]'', Harman, etc.
*''[[Mucuna pruriens]]'', 6-Methoxy-Harman
*''[[Petalostylis labicheoides]]'', Tetrahydroharman; MAO's up to 0.5%<ref name="dmt-nexus"/>
*''[[Prosopis nigra]]'', Harman, etc.
*''Shepherdia pulchellum'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Loganiaceae]]===
*''[[Strychnos melinoniana]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
''[[Strychnos usambarensis]]'', Harman<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Malpighiaceae]]===
*''[[Banisteriopsis argentia]]'',    5-methoxytetrahydroharman, (-)-N(6)-methoxytetrahydroharman, dimethyltryptamine-N(6)-oxide<ref name="dict"/> 
*''[[Banisteriopsis caapi]]'',  [[Harmine]] 0.31-0.84%,<ref>Callaway JC, Brito GS & Neves ES (2005). Phytochemical analyses of Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 37(2): 145-150.</ref>  [[tetrahydroharmine]], [[telepathine]], [[dihydroshihunine]],<ref name="glasby">[http://books.google.com/books?id=te53VV5u8YMC&pg=RA1-PA124&lpg=RA1-PA124&dq=erythrina+alkaloids&source=web&ots=e5SBqn4GS7&sig=JdEQoIKcYwAM7N_cTUtCQNhl6Hc John Stephen Glasby, Dictionary of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites, Published by CRC Press]</ref> 5-MeO-DMT in bark<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://sun.ars-grin.gov:8080/npgspub/xsql/duke/chemdisp.xsql
|title=Chemical Information
|publisher=sun.ars-grin.gov
|accessdate=2008-04-11
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
<br>[[File:Caapi.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Banisteriopsis inebrians]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Banisteriopsis lutea]]'',    Harmine, telepathine<ref name="dict"/>
*''[[Banisteriopsis metallicolor]]'',    Harmine, telepathine<ref name="dict"/>
*''[[Banisteriopsis muricata]]'',    Harmine up to 6%, harmaline up to 4%, plus DMT<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.giftpflanzen.com/banisteriopsis_muricata.html
|title=Silbrige Ayahuasca-Liane (Banisteriopsis muricata) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com
|publisher=www.giftpflanzen.com
|accessdate=2008-04-18
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
*''[[Diplopterys cabrerana]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Cabi pratensis]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Callaeum antifebrile]]''(syn. ''Cabi paraensis''),    Harmine
*''[[Tetrapterys methystica]]''(syn. ''Tetrapteris methystica''),    Harmine<ref>Erowid - Ayahuasca: alkaloids, plants & analogs
<http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/ayahuasca_apa/aya_sec2_malpighiaceoussource.shtml></ref>
 
===[[Myristicaceae]]===
*''[[Gymnacranthera paniculata]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*'''''[[Horsfieldia superba]]'''''  Beta-carbolines<ref name="bluezoo"/>
*''[[Virola cuspidata]]'', 6-Methoxy-Harman
*''[[Virola rufula]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Virola theiodora]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Ochnaceae]]===
*''[[Testulea gabonensis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
 
===[[Palmae]]===
*''[[Plectocomiopsis geminiflora]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
 
===[[Papaveraceae]]===
*''[[Meconopsis horridula]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Meconopsis napaulensis]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/><br>[[File:Meconopsis nepalensis.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Meconopsis paniculata]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Meconopsis robusta]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Meconopsis rudis]]'',    Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Papaver rhoeas]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/><br>[[File:Koeh-101.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
 
===[[Passifloraceae]]===
*''[[Passiflora actinia]]'',    Harman
*''[[Passiflora alata]]'',  Harman<br>[[File:Flor de maracujá.JPG|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora alba]]'',    Harman
*''[[Passiflora bryonoides]]'',  Harman
*''[[Passiflora caerulea]]'',  Harman<br>[[File:PassifloraCaerulea Bluete von oben.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora capsularis]]'',    Harman
*[[Passiflora decaisneana]]'',    Harman
*''[[Passiflora edulis]]'',  Harman, 0-7001 ppm<ref name="drduke2" /> in fruit<br>[[File:Passiflora edulis forma flavicarpa.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora eichleriana]]'',    Harman
[[File:Passiflora foetida.bloem.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]''[[Passiflora foetida]]'',  Harman
*''[[Passiflora incarnata]]'' (with bee),  Harmine, Harmaline, Harman, etc. 0.03%.<ref name="drugs.com">[http://www.drugs.com/npp/passion-flower.html www.drugs.com]</ref>  Alkaloids in rind of fruit 0.25%<ref name="drugs.com"/>  <br>[[File:Photos-photos 1088121309 BeelyBee.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora quadrangularis]]'',  Harman<br>[[File:Badea.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora ruberosa]]'',    Harman
*''[[Passiflora subpeltata]]'',    Harman<br>[[File:Starr 031114-0020 Passiflora subpeltata.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Passiflora warmingii]]'',    Harman
 
===[[Polygonaceae]]===
*''[[Calligonum minimum]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Leptactinia densiflora]]'', Leptaflorine, etc.
*''[[Ophiorrhiza japonica]]'', Harman
*''[[Pauridiantha callicarpoides]]'', Harman
*''[[Pauridiantha dewevrei]]'', Harman
*''[[Pauridiantha lyalli]]'', Harman
*''[[Pauridiantha viridiflora]]'', Harman
*''[[Simira klugei]]'', Harman
*''[[Simira rubra]]'', Harman
 
===[[Rubiaceae]]===
*''[[Borreria verticillata]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Leptactinia densiflora]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Nauclea diderrichii]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Ophiorrhiza japonica]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Pauridiantha callicarpoides]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Pauridiantha dewevrei]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Pauridiantha yalli]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Pauridiantha viridiflora]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Pavetta lanceolata]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Psychotria carthagenensis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Psychotria viridis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Simira klugei]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Simira rubra]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Uncaria attenuata]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Uncaria canescens]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Uncaria orientalis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
 
===[[Rutaceae]]===
*''[[Tetradium]]'' (syn. ''Evodia'') species:  Some contain carbolines
*'''''[[Euodia leptococca]]'''''  Beta-carboline<ref name="bluezoo"/>
*''[[Araliopsis tabouensis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Flindersia laevicarpa]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Xanthoxylum rhetsa]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
 
===[[Sapotaceae]]===
*''[[Chrysophyllum lacourtianum]]'', Norharman etc.
 
 
*[[Scutellaria]]
* [[Scutellaria nana]]
 
===[[Simaroubaceae]]===
*''[[Ailanthus malabarica]]'', Beta-carbolines.<ref name="cornell" /> See also [[Nag Champa]].
*''[[Perriera madagascariensis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell" />
*''[[Picrasma ailanthoides]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell" />
*''[[Picrasma crenata]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell" />
*''[[Picrasma excelsa]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell" />
*''[[Picrasma javanica]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell" />
 
 
===[[Solanaceae]]===
*''[[Vestia foetida]]'', (Syn V. lycioides) Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/><br>[[File:Vestia foetida.jpg|thumb|left|80px|Vestia foetida]]
 
===[[Symplocaceae]]===
*''[[Symplocos racemosa]]'', Harman
 
===[[Tiliaceae]]===
*''[[Grewia mollis]]'', Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
 
===[[Zygophyllaceae]]===
*''[[Fagonia cretica]]'',  Harman<br>[[File:Fagonia cretica.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Nitraria schoberi]]'',  Beta-carbolines<ref name="cornell"/>
*''[[Peganum harmala]]'',  (Syrian Rue),  The seeds contain about 2-6% alkaloids, most of which is [[harmaline]].<ref>[http://www.amazing-nature.com/-i-43.html www.amazing-nature.com]</ref>  Peganum harmala is also an [[abortifacient]].<br>[[File:Peganum harmala1.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Peganum nigellastrum]]'',  Harmine<ref>{{cite journal|title=Alkaloids and phenylpropanoids from Peganum nigellastrum|journal = [[Phytochemistry (journal)|Phytochemistry]]|date=|first=|last=|coauthors=|volume=53|issue=8|pages=1075–8|id= |url=http://proxify.com/p/011010A1000110/687474703a2f2f7777772e736369656e63656469726563742e636f6d2f736369656e63653f5f6f623d41727469636c6555524c265f7564693d42365448372d343031484747542d3152265f757365723d3130265f72646f633d31265f666d743d265f6f7269673d736561726368265f736f72743d6426766965773d63265f616363743d43303030303530323231265f76657273696f6e3d31265f75726c56657273696f6e3d30265f7573657269643d3130266d64353d6631346535636632633161653335346164393536316232336262646533643236|format=|accessdate=2008-01-12|pmid=10820833|doi=10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00440-9|year=2000|month=April}}</ref>
*''[[Tribulus terrestris]]'',  Harman<br>[[File:Starr 030612-0063 Tribulus terrestris.jpg|thumb|left|80px]]
*''[[Zygophyllum fabago]]'',  Harman, harmine<br>[[File:Morsana1.JPG|thumb|left|80px]]
 
==Plants containing other psychoactive substances==
 
''[[Acoraceae]]'':
*''[[Acorus calamus]]'', [[asarone]]
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| <center>[[File:Salvinorin A structure.svg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Salvinorin A]]</center>
| [[File:Salvia divinorum - Herba de Maria.jpg|150px]]
''[[Salvia divinorum]]''
| Salvinorin A, 0.89-3.87&nbsp;mg/g, also Salvinorin B and Salvinorin C<ref>[http://www.sagewisdom.org/clones.html Clones of Salvia divinorum]</ref>
|-
| <center>[[File:S-Cathinone.svg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Cathinone]]</center>
| [[File:Catha edulis.jpg|150px]]
''[[Catha edulis]]''
| [[Khat]]
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:Foeniculum vulgare.JPG|150px]]
''[[Foeniculum vulgare]]''
| Unknown
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:blank.JPG|150px]]
''[[Justicia pectoralis]]''
| Unknown
|-
| <center>[[File:Pukateine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Pukateine]]</center>
| [[File:Old Rimu in Kaitoke Park.jpg|150px]]
''[[Laurelia novae-zelandiae]]''
| [[Pukateine]]
|-
| <center>[[File:Beta-thujone.svg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Thujone]]</center>
| [[File:ArtemisiaVulgaris.jpg|150px]]
''[[Artemisia vulgaris]]''
| [[Thujone]]
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Damianin]]</center>
| [[File:Tunera diffusa 2.jpg|150px]]
''[[Turnera diffusa]]''
| [[Damianin]]
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>unknown</center>
| [[File:Sweetbay Magnolia Magnolia virginiana Comparison 4400px.jpg|150px]]
''[[Magnolia virginiana]]''
| The leaves or bark have been placed in cupped hands over the nose and inhaled as a mild hallucinogen
|-
| <center>[[File:Bulbocapnine skeletal.svg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Bulbocapnine]]</center>
| [[File:Corydalis ambigua.jpg|150px]]
''[[Corydalis solida]], [[Corydalis cava]]''
| [[Bulbocapnine]], [[Nantenine]], [[Tetrahydropalmatine]]
|-
| <center>[[File:Kavalactone General Structure.PNG|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Kavalactones]]</center>
| [[File:Starr 040318-0058 Piper methysticum.jpg|150px]]
''[[Piper methysticum]]''
| [[Kavalactones]]
|-
| <center>[[File:Lagochilin.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Lagochilin]]</center>
| [[File:blank.jpg|150px]]
''[[Lagochilus inebrians]]''
| [[Lagochilin]] is thought to be responsible for the sedative, hypotensive and hemostatic effects of this plant.
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:Tagetes lemmonii flower.jpg|150px]]
''[[Tagetes lucida]]''
| [[Anethole]], [[Chavicol]], [[Coumarin]], [[Estragole]], [[Isorhamnetin]], [[Methyleugenol]], [[Quercitin]]
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Lactucarium]]</center>
| [[File:Lactuca virosa - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-213.jpg|150px]]
''[[Lactuca virosa]]''
| [[Lactucarium]]
|-
| <center>[[File:Glaucine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Glaucine]]</center>
| [[File:Glaucium flavum03.jpg|150px]]
''[[Glaucium flavum]]''
| [[Glaucine]]
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|100px]]</center>
<center>[[Muscarinic]]</center>
| [[File:blank.jpg|100px]]
''[[Galbulimima belgraveana]]''
| Galbulimima belgraveana is rich in alkaloids and twenty-eight alkaloids have been isolated. [[Himbacine]], [[himbeline]], [[himandravine]], [[himgravine]], [[himbosine]], [[himandridine]], [[himandrine]], [[G.B. 1]], [[G. B. 2]], [[G. B. 3]], [[G. B. 4]], [[G. B. 5]], [[G. B. 6]], [[G. B. 7]], [[G. B. 8]], [[G. B. 9]], [[G. B. 10]], [[G. B. 11]], [[G. B. 12]], [[himgaline]], [[himbadine]], [[G. B. 13]], [[himgrine]], [[G. B. 14]], [[G. B. 15]], [[G. B. 16]], [[G. B. 17]] and [[G. B. 18]].
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|100px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:blank.jpg|100px]]
''[[Zornia latifolia]]''
| Zornia latifolia, is mentioned in Food of the Gods as "an hallucinogenic substitute for cannabis". It's nicknamed Maconha brava because locals use it as a cannabis substitute.
|-
| <center>[[File:blank.jpg|100px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:Stachelmohn.JPG|100px]]
''[[Argemone mexicana]]''
| Used by Chinese residents of Mexico during the early 20th century as a legal substitute for opium and currently smoked as a marijuana substitute.
|-
|<center>[[File:Ergine.png|100px]]</center>
<center>[[Ergine]]</center>
| [[File:Starr 050107-2974 Argyreia nervosa.jpg|150px]] 
''[[Argyreia nervosa]] (Hawaiian Baby Woodrose)''
|Seeds contain high amounts of LSA (also known as d-lysergic acid amide, d-lysergamide, ergine, and LA-111), often 50-150X the amounts found in ''[[Ipomoea violacea]]''.
|-
| <center>[[File:Ibogaine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Ibogaine]]</center>
| [[File:Iboga.jpg|150px]]
''[[Tabernanthe iboga]]''
| Ibogaine in root bark<ref name="ibogaine-tihkal">[http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/tihkal/tihkal25.shtml Tihkal]</ref>
|-
| <center>[[File:Ibogaine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Ibogaine]]</center>
|
''[[Tabernanthe orientalis]]''
| Ibogaine in root leaves<ref name="ibogaine-tihkal"/>
|-
| <center>[[File:Ibogaine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Ibogaine]]</center>
|
''[[Tabernanthe pubescens]]''
| Ibogaine and similar alkaloids<ref name="ibogaine-tihkal"/>
|-
| <center>[[File:Ibogaine.png|150px]]</center>
<center>[[Ibogaine]]</center>
|
''[[Tabernaemontana]]'' sp.
| Ibogaine<ref name="ibogaine-tihkal"/>
|-
|<center>[[File:Ibogaine.png|150px]]</center><center>[[Ibogaine]]</center>
| [[File:Confederate Jasmine, Star Jasmine (Trachelospermum jasminoides).jpg|150px]]
''[[Trachelospermum jasminoides]]''
|Ibogaine<ref>[http://www.giftpflanzen.com/trachelospermum_jasminoides.html ''Trachelospermum jasminoides'' (www.giftpflanzen.com)]</ref>
|-
|<center>[[File:Aporphine.svg|100px]]</center>
<center>[[Aporphine]]</center>
| [[File:Nymphaea caerulea.jpg|150px]]
''[[Nymphaea caerulea]]''
|Recent studies have shown ''Nymphaea caerulea'' to have psychedelic properties, and may have been used as a sacrament in ancient Egypt and certain ancient South American cultures.  Dosages of 5 to 10&nbsp;grams of the flowers induces slight stimulation, a shift in thought processes, enhanced visual perception, and mild closed-eye visuals.  ''Nymphaea caerulea'' is related to, and possesses similar activity as ''[[Nelumbo nucifera]]'', the Sacred Lotus.  Both Nymphaea caerulea and Nelumbo nucifera contain the alkaloids [[nuciferine]] and [[apomorphine]], which have been recently isolated by independent labs.{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}}
 
These psychoactive effects make ''Nymphaea caerulea'' a likely candidate (among several) for the lotus plant eaten by the mythical [[Lotophagi]] in [[Homer]]'s [[Odyssey]].
 
Used in [[aromatherapy]], ''Nymphaea caerulea'' is purported to have a "divine" essence, bringing euphoria, heightened awareness and tranquility.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}}
 
Other sources cite anti-spasmodic and sedative, purifying and calming properties.
|-
|<center>[[File:Leonurine structure.png|175px]]</center>
<center>[[Leonurine]]</center>
| [[File:Leonotis leonurus flower.jpg|150px]]
''[[Leonotis leonurus]]''
|Both leaves and flowers (where most concentrated) contain [[Leonurine]]. (Effects reminiscent of marijuana)
|-
|<center>[[File:Leonurine structure.png|175px]]</center>
<center>[[Leonurine]]</center>
| [[File:Leonotis nepetifolia1.jpg|150px]]
''[[Leonotis nepetifolia]]''
|Both leaves and flowers (where most concentrated) contain [[Leonurine]]. (Effects reminiscent of marijuana)
|-
|<center>[[File:blank.jpg|100px]]</center>
<center>Active Chemical Unknown</center>
| [[File:Calea zacatechichi cutting.jpg|150px]]
''[[Calea zacatechichi]]''
|Produces vivid dreams after smoking. It is also employed by the Chontal people as a medicinal herb against gastrointestinal disorders, and is used as an appetizer, cathartic anti-dysentery remedy, and as a fever-reducing agent. Its psychedelic properties do not become apparent until the user is asleep.
|-
|<center>[[File:blank.jpg|100px]]</center>
<center>Unknown</center>
| [[File:Silene-capensis.jpg|150px]]
''[[Silene capensis]]''
|Produces vivid dreams after smoking.
|}
 
[[Convolvulaceae]]:
{| class="wikitable"  style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; background:white;"
|+
|-
|<center>[[File:Ipomoea violacea.jpg|250px]]</center><center>''[[Ipomoea tricolor]] & [[Ipomoea violacea]]'' || style="width:500px"| <center>D-[[lysergic acid amide]] and lysergic acid amides in the seeds; up to 0.12% total<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.giftpflanzen.com/ipomoea_violacea.html
|title=Trichterwinde (Ipomoea violacea) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com
|publisher=www.giftpflanzen.com
|accessdate=2008-04-18
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
</center>
|-
|<center>''[[Rivea corymbosa]]''</center> || Seeds contain D-lysergic acid amide, [[lysergol]], and [[turbicoryn]]; lysergic acid alkaloids up to 0.03%<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.giftpflanzen.com/rivea_corymbosa.html
|title=Ololiuqui (Rivea corymbosa) im GIFTPFLANZEN.COMpendium - www.giftpflanzen.com
|publisher=www.giftpflanzen.com
|accessdate=2008-04-18
|last=
|first=
}}
</ref>
|-
|<center></center><center>Some ''[[Mirabilis (plant)|Mirabilis]]'' sp. (Actually in Nyctaginaceae family) || <center>LSA{{Citation needed|date=February 2010}}</center>
|}
 
[[Apocynaceae]] family:
*''[[Catharanthus roseus]]'' is (perhaps unpleasantly) "hallucinogenic."<ref>[http://sliceoftheday.wordpress.com/2007/05/13/madagascar-periwinkle-catharanthus-roseus/ ''Catharanthus roseus'']</ref>
*''[[Vinca minor]]''
 
[[Aquifoliaceae]] family:
*''[[Ilex guayusa]]'', which is used as an additive to some versions of [[Ayahuasca]].  According to the Ecuadorian indigenous, it is also slightly hallucinogenic on its own, when drunk in high enough quantities.
 
[[Euphorbiaceae]] family:
*''[[Alchornea floribunda]]'', [[Yohimbine]]
 
[[Loganaceae]] family:
*[[Desfontainia spinosa]], causes visions<ref>Schultes, Richard Evans, Iconography of New World Plant Hallucinogens. p. 101</ref>
 
[[Lythraceae]] family:
*''[[Heimia myrtifolia]]'', auditory<ref name="sunicuichi faq">[http://www.erowid.org/plants/sinicuichi/sinicuichi_faq.shtml Sinicuichi FAQ]</ref>
*''[[Heimia salicifolia]]'', auditory<ref name="sunicuichi faq"/>
 
==See also==
*[[Aztec entheogenic complex]]
*[[Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record]]
*[[God in a Pill?]]
* [[Hallucinogenic fish]]
*[[List of entheogenic/hallucinogenic species]]
*[[List of plants used for smoking]]
*[[List of poisonous plants]]
*[[Louisiana State Act 159]]
*[[Psilocybin mushrooms]]
*[[Psychoactive cacti]]
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
 
==External links==
* [http://www.salviadivinorumblog.com The Salvia Divinorum Blog Research And Information]
* [http://forum.salviadivinorumblog.com The Salvia Divinorum Mass Distribution Project]
*[http://users.lycaeum.org/~iamklaus/botany.htm# Descriptions of psychoactive Cacti. Lycaeum Visionary Cactus Guide]
* [http://drugreviews.info "Herbal Highs – Legal Buds Reviews"] Components of street drug alternatives sold and used legally.
*[http://www.erowid.org/psychoactives/faqs/faqs_tryptamine.shtml Erowid Tryptamine FAQ – More Plants Containing Tryptamines]
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=te53VV5u8YMC&pg=RA1-PA124&lpg=RA1-PA124&dq=erythrina+alkaloids&source=web&ots=e5SBqn4GS7&sig=JdEQoIKcYwAM7N_cTUtCQNhl6Hc John Stephen Glasby, Dictionary of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites, Published by CRC Press]
*[http://www.erowid.org/library/books_online/golden_guide/g91-100.shtml Golden Guide to Hallucinogenic Plants]
*[http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/cgi/content/full/158/3/481 Hallucinogens on the Internet: A Vast New Source of Underground Drug Information John H. Halpern, M.D. and Harrison G. Pope, Jr., M.D.]
*[http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/uploads/approved/adt-QGU20070710.160928/public/02Whole.pdf – Peter L. Katavic, Chemical Investigations of the Alkaloids From the Plants Of The Family [[Elaeocarpaceae]]], School of Science/Natural Product Discovery (NPD), Faculty of Science, Griffith University
*[http://www.erowid.org/archive/rhodium/chemistry/shulgin.pea.sar.hop.html Alexander T. Shulgin, Psychotomimetic Drugs: Structure-Activity Relationships]
*[http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/bulletin/bulletin_1969-01-01_4_page004.html UNODC The plant kingdom and hallucinogens (part II)]
*[http://www.unodc.org/unodc/bulletin/bulletin_1970-01-01_1_page005.html?print=yes UNODC The plant kingdom and hallucinogens (part III)]
*[http://www.bio.uu.nl/~herba/Guyana/VTGG/Myristicaceae/Virola/index.html Virola – Dried Herbarium Specimens]
*[http://images.nbii.gov/search_results.php Virola Species Pictures – USGS]
*[http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=DEIL ''Desmanthus illinoensis'' – USDA]
*[http://www.ayahuasca-info.com/ A General Introduction to Ayahuasca]
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=iEVeFOLc_FUC&pg=PA93&lpg=PA93&dq=%22Prestonia+amazonica%22&source=web&ots=WWANl44f-H&sig=7EuWEQsMW3yVHi56Ks0BfjJhf44&hl=en#PPA92,M1 Psychedelic Reader (Google Books)]
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Psychedelic Plants}}
[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
[[Category:Entheogens]]
[[Category:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens]]
[[Category:Medicinal plants]]

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