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| [[File:Golden Triangle.svg|right|thumb|A golden triangle. The ratio a:b is equivalent to the golden ratio φ.]]
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| A '''golden triangle''', also known as the sublime triangle,<ref name="elam">
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| {{Cite book|last=Elam|first=Kimberly|year=2001|title=Geometry of Design|publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York|isbn=1-56898-249-6|url=http://www.amazon.com/Geometry-Design-Studies-Proportion-Composition/dp/1568982496/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1288121120&sr=1-1}}</ref>
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| is an [[isosceles triangle|isosceles]] [[triangle]] in which the smaller side is in [[golden ratio]] with its adjacent side:
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| :<math>\varphi = {1 + \sqrt{5} \over 2}.</math>
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| Golden triangles are found in the [[Net (geometry)|nets]] of several stellations of [[dodecahedron]]s and [[icosahedron]]s.
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| Also, it is the shape of the triangles found in the points of [[pentagram]]s.
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| The vertex angle is equal to
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| :<math> \theta = \cos^{-1}\left( {\varphi \over 2}\right) = {\pi \over 5} = 36^\circ. </math>
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| Since the angles of a triangle sum to 180°, base angles are therefore 72° each.<ref name="elam">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=Elam
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| |first=Kimberly
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| |year=2001
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| |title=Geometry of Design
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| |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press
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| |location=New York
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| |isbn=1-56898-249-6
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| |url=http://www.amazon.com/Geometry-Design-Studies-Proportion-Composition/dp/1568982496/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1288121120&sr=1-1
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| }}</ref>
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| The golden triangle can also be found in a [[decagon]], or a ten-sided polygon, by connecting any two adjacent vertices to the center. This will form a golden triangle. This is because:
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| 180(10-2)/2=144 degrees is the interior angle and bisecting it through the vertex to the center, 144/2=72.<ref name="elam">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=Elam
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| |first=Kimberly
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| |year=2001
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| |title=Geometry of Design
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| |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press
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| |location=New York
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| |isbn=1-56898-249-6
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| |url=http://www.amazon.com/Geometry-Design-Studies-Proportion-Composition/dp/1568982496/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1288121120&sr=1-1
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| }}</ref>
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| The golden triangle is also uniquely identified as the only triangle to have its three angles in 2:2:1 proportion.<ref name="tilings">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=
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| |first=.
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| |year=1970
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| |title=Tilings Encyclopedia
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| |publisher=
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| |location=
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| |isbn=|url=http://tilings.math.uni-bielefeld.de/substitution_rules/robinson_triangle
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| }}</ref>
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| ==Logarithmic spiral==
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| [[File:Golden triangle and Fibonacci spiral.svg|right|thumb|Golden triangles inscribed in a [[logarithmic spiral]]]]
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| The golden triangle is used to form a [[logarithmic spiral]]. By bisecting the base angles, a new point is created that in turn, makes another golden triangle.<ref name="huntley">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=Huntley
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| |first=H.E.
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| |year=1970
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| |title=The Divine Proportion: A Study In Mathematical Beauty|publisher=Dover Publications Inc
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| |location=New York|isbn=0-486-22254-3
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| |url=http://www.amazon.com/Divine-Proportion-H-Huntley/dp/0486222543
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| }}</ref>
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| The bisection process can be continued infinitely, creating an infinite number of golden triangles. A [[logarithmic spiral]] can be drawn through the vertices. This spiral is also known as an equiangular spiral, a term coined by [[René Descartes]]. "If a straight line is drawn from the pole to any point on the curve, it cuts the curve at precisely the same angle," hence ''equiangular''.<ref name="livio">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=Livio
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| |first=Mario
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| |year=2002
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| |title=The Golden Ratio: The Story of Phi, The World's Most Astonishing Number
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| |publisher=Broadway Books
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| |location=New York
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| |isbn=0-7679-0815-5
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| |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=w9dmPwAACAAJ
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| }}</ref>
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| ==Golden gnomon==
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| [[File:Golden triangle (math).svg|right|thumb|Golden triangle bisected in Robinson triangles: a golden triangle and a golden gnomon.]]
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| [[File:Golden-triangles-pentagram.svg|right|thumb|A [[pentagram]]. Each corner is a golden triangle. The figure also contains five golden gnomons, made by joining two non-adjacent corners to the central pentagon.]]
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| Closely related to the golden triangle is the golden [[Gnomon (figure)|gnomon]], which is the obtuse isosceles triangle in which the ratio of the length of the equal (shorter) sides to the length of the third side is the reciprocal of the golden ratio. The golden gnomon is also uniquely identified as a triangle having its three angles in 1:1:3 proportion. The acute angle is 36 degrees, which is the same as the apex of the golden triangle.
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| The distance of AD and BD are both equal to φ, as seen in the figure. "The golden triangle has a ratio of base length to side length equal to the golden section φ, whereas the golden gnomon has the ratio of side length to base length equal to the golden section φ."<ref name="loeb">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=Livio
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| |first=Arthur
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| |year=1992
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| |title=Concepts and Images: Visual Mathematics
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| |publisher=Birkhäuser Boston
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| |location=Boston
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| |isbn=0-8176-3620-X
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| |url=http://www.amazon.com/Concepts-Images-Mathematics-Science-Collection/dp/081763620X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1288120576&sr=8-1-spell
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| }}</ref>
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| A golden triangle can be bisected into a golden triangle and a golden gnomon. The same is true for a golden gnomon. A golden gnomon and a golden triangle with their equal sides matching each other in length, are also referred to as the obtuse and acute Robinson triangles.<ref name="tilings">
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| {{Cite book
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| |last=
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| |first=.
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| |year=1970
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| |title=Tilings Encyclopedia
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| |publisher=
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| |location=
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| |isbn=
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| |url=http://tilings.math.uni-bielefeld.de/substitution_rules/robinson_triangle
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| }}</ref>
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| These isosceles triangles can be used to produce [[Penrose tiling]]s. Penrose tiles are made from kites and darts. A kite is made from the golden triangle, and a dart is made from two gnomons.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Golden ratio]]
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| * [[Golden rectangle]]
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| * [[Golden rhombus]]
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| * [[Kepler triangle]]
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| * [[Lute of Pythagoras]]
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| * [[Penrose tiling]]
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| * [[Pentagram]]
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| ==References==
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| <!--See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] for an explanation of how to generate footnotes using the <references/)> tags-->
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| {{Reflist}}
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| ==External links== | |
| * {{MathWorld |title=Golden triangle |id=GoldenTriangle}}
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| * [http://tilings.math.uni-bielefeld.de/substitution_rules/robinson_triangle Robinson triangles] at Tilings Encyclopedia
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Golden Triangle (Mathematics)}}
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| [[Category:Triangles]]
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| [[Category:Golden ratio]]
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The name of the writer is Jayson. I've always cherished living in Kentucky but now I'm considering other choices. To play lacross is the factor I adore most of all. He is an purchase clerk and it's something he truly enjoy.
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