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| {{Year nav topic5|1766|science}}
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| The year '''1766 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.
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| ==Astronomy==
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| * [[Joseph Louis Lagrange|Lagrange]] submits a paper on the movements of [[Jupiter]]'s satellites to the [[French Academy of Sciences]].
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| ==Biology==
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| * [[Moses Harris]] publishes ''The Aurelian, or, natural history of English insects; namely, moths and butterflies.''
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| ==Chemistry==
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| * [[Henry Cavendish]] publishes his paper "On Factitious Airs". This is generally credited as showing the discovery of [[hydrogen]], since it describes the density of 'inflammable air', which forms water on combustion.
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| * [[Pierre Macquer]] publishes his ''Dictionnaire de chymie''.
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| ==Exploration==
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| * November 15 - [[Louis Antoine de Bougainville]] leaves [[Nantes]] for a three-year [[circumnavigation]] of the world with the ships ''[[French frigate La Boudeuse (1766)|La Boudeuse]]'' and ''[[French fluyt Étoile (1767)|Étoile]]''; the [[botanist]] [[Philibert Commerçon]] is on board.
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| ==Mathematics==
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| * [[Arima Yoriyuki]] finds a rational approximation of [[Pi|<math>\pi</math>]], correct to 29 digits.<ref>{{cite web|title=Collection of approximations for <math>\pi</math>|url=http://numbers.computation.free.fr/Constants/Pi/piApprox.html|year=2000|accessdate=2012-01-05}}</ref><ref>
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| {{cite book|authorlink1=G. H. Hardy|last1=Hardy|first1= G. H.|first2=E. M.|last2=Wright|authorlink2=E. M. Wright|title=An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers|edition=2nd|location=Oxford|publisher=Clarendon Press|year=1945}}</ref>
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| * [[Leonhard Euler|Euler]] gives up his post as director of mathematics at the [[Prussian Academy of Sciences]] and returns to [[Saint Petersburg]]. On the recommendation of Euler and [[Jean le Rond d'Alembert|d'Alembert]], [[Joseph Louis Lagrange|Lagrange]] succeeds him in [[Berlin]], where he will stay for over twenty years.
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| ==Medicine==
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| * October - [[Addenbrooke's Hospital]], [[Cambridge, Cambridgeshire|Cambridge]], [[England]], completed.
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| ==Metallurgy==
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| * The [[Cranege brothers]] experiment with the use of the [[reverberatory furnace]] for the production of [[wrought iron]] from [[cast iron]] using [[coal]] fuel at the [[Coalbrookdale]] iron works under the sponsorship of [[Richard Reynolds]] in England.
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| ==Events==
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| * [[Joseph Wright of Derby]] paints ''[[A Philosopher Lecturing on the Orrery]]''.
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| ==Awards==
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| * [[Copley Medal]]: [[William Brownrigg]]; [[Edward Delaval]]; Henry Cavendish
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| ==Births==
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| * July 6 - [[Alexander Wilson]], [[ornithologist]] (died [[1813 in science|1813]])
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| * August 3 - [[Kurt Sprengel]], [[botanist]] (died [[1833 in science|1833]])
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| * August 6 - [[William Hyde Wollaston]], [[chemist]] (died [[1828 in science|1828]])
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| * September 6 - [[John Dalton]], chemist and [[physicist]] (died [[1844 in science|1844]])
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| * December 29 - [[Charles Macintosh]], inventor of a [[waterproof fabric]] (died [[1843 in science|1843]])
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| * [[John Farey, Sr.|John Farey]], [[geologist]] (died [[1826 in science|1826]])
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| ==Deaths==
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| *
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| [[Category:1766 in science]]
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