en>Trappist the monk: /* Description */Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors; using AWB

2014-07-21T11:34:12Z

Description: Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors; using AWB

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:34, 21 July 2014
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	~~{{Infobox SCOTUS case~~		If an existing Word - Press code is found vulnerable, Word - Press will immediately issue an update for that. Offshore expert Word - Press developers high level of interactivity, accessibility, functionality and usability of our website can add custom online to using. SEO Ultimate - I think this plugin deserves more recognition than it's gotten up till now. Keep reading for some great Word - Press ideas you can start using today. The number of options offered here is overwhelming, but once I took the time to begin to review the video training, I was amazed at how easy it was to create a squeeze page and a membership site. <br><br>
	~~\|Litigants=Albrecht v. Herald Co.~~
	~~\|ArgueDate=November 9~~
	~~\|ArgueYear=1967~~
	~~\|DecideDate=March 4~~
	~~\|DecideYear=1968~~
	~~\|FullName=Lester J. Albrecht v. Herald Co.~~, ~~DBA Globe~~-~~Democrat Publishing Co~~.
	~~\|USVol=390~~
	~~\|USPage=145~~
	~~\|ParallelCitations=88 S~~.Ct. ~~869; 19 L~~.~~Ed.2d 998~~
	~~\|Prior=Certiorari to the United States Court~~ of ~~Appeals for~~ the ~~Eighth Circuit~~
	~~\|Subsequent=~~
	~~\|Holding=Wholesalers cannot require franchisees and retailers of their products~~ to ~~sell items~~ at a ~~certain price.~~
	~~\|SCOTUS=1967-1969~~
	~~\|Majority=White~~
	~~\|JoinMajority=Warren, Black, Brennan, Fortas, Marshall~~
	~~\|Concurrence=Douglas~~
	~~\|Dissent=Harlan~~
	~~\|Dissent2=Stewart~~
	~~\|JoinDissent2=Harlan~~
	~~\|LawsApplied=[[Clayton Antitrust Act]], {{usc\|15\|15}}; [[Sherman Antitrust Act]], {{usc\|15\|1}}~~
	~~\|Overruled=''[[State Oil Co~~. ~~v. Khan]]'' (1997)~~
	}}

	~~'''''Albrecht v. Herald Co.''''', {{scite\|390\|145\|1968}}, was~~ a ~~decision by the [[Supreme Court of the United States\|United States Supreme Court]], which held that wholesalers could not require franchisees~~ and ~~retailers~~ of ~~their products to [[Resale price maintenance\|sell items at a certain price]]; advertisements regarding sales, therefore, always included~~ the ~~language "Available at participating retailers only"~~. This ~~broad rule was reversed~~ in ~~1997 by ''[[State Oil Co~~. ~~v. Khan]]''~~, ~~which held that such price~~-~~setting was not inherently anti~~-~~competitive and not a violation of [[antitrust law]]~~.		The Internet is a vast open market where businesses and consumers congregate. Some of the Wordpress development services offered by us are:. This is the reason for the increased risk of Down Syndrome babies in women over age 35. So, if you are looking for some option to build a giant e-commerce website, then e-shopping preferable CMS tools will be helpful for you. Aided by the completely foolproof j - Query color selector, you're able to change the colors of factors of your theme a the click on the screen, with very little previous web site design experience. <br><br>You can down load it here at this link: and utilize your FTP software program to upload it to your Word - Press Plugin folder. The only problem with most is that they only offer a monthly plan, you never own the software and you can’t even install the software on your site, you must go to another website to manage your list and edit your autoresponder. Setting Up Your Business Online Using Free Wordpress Websites. To turn the Word - Press Plugin on, click Activate on the far right side of the list. So, if you are looking online to hire dedicated Wordpress developers, India PHP Expert can give a hand you in each and every best possible way. <br><br>Numerous bloggers are utilizing Word - Press and with good reason. Find more information about Design To Wordpress here. Websites that do rank highly, do so becaue they use keyword-heavy post titles. A whole lot worse, your site will likely be useless as well as your merchandise won't sell if no one has the endurance to wait for the web pages to load. If your site does well you can get paid professional designer to create a unique Word - Press theme. <br><br>Internet is not only the source for information, it is also one of the source for passive income. I'm a large fan of using Word - Press to create pretty much any sort of web page. In the event you cherished this short article as well as you wish to get guidance relating to [http://deurl.de/wordpress_backup_plugin_417234 backup plugin] i implore you to check out our web-page. Offshore Wordpress development services from a legitimate source caters dedicated and professional services assistance with very simplified yet technically effective development and designing techniques from experienced professional Wordpress developer India. It is a fact that Smartphone using online customers do not waste much of their time in struggling with drop down menus. As with a terminology, there are many methods to understand how to use the terminology.

	~~''Albrecht'' drew heavy criticism~~ by ~~[[economist]]s, because vertical [[price fixing]], particularly in~~ the ~~newspaper industry~~, ~~actually increases [[consumer welfare]], which is considered~~ to ~~be a primary goal~~ of ~~antitrust.<ref>{{cite journal \|last=Easterbrook \|first=Frank H. \|authorlink=Frank H. Easterbrook \|year=1981 \|title=Maximum Price Fixing \|journal=[[University~~ of ~~Chicago Law Review]] \|volume=48 \|issue=4 \|pages=886–910 \|jstor=1599297 \|doi=10~~.~~2307/1599297 }}~~<~~/ref~~><~~ref~~>{{cite journal \|last=Blair \|first=Roger \|last2=Fesmire \|first2=James \|year=1986 \|title=Maximum Price Fixing and the Goals of Antitrust \|journal=[[Syracuse Law Review]] \|volume=37 \|issue=1 \|pages=43–77 \|doi= }}</ref>

	~~== Facts ==~~
	~~Lester J. Albrecht, an independent newspaper carrier, bought from Herald Publishing Company~~ at ~~wholesale~~ and ~~sold at retail copies of Herald's morning newspaper, the ''[[St. Louis Globe~~-~~Democrat]]'', under an exclusive territory arrangement terminable if a carrier exceeded the maximum retail price advertised by Albrecht~~. ~~When Albrecht exceeded~~ that ~~price~~, ~~Herald Co. protested to him~~ and ~~then informed Albrecht's subscribers that it would itself deliver~~ the ~~paper at the lower price. Herald Co. engaged an agency (Milne)~~ to ~~solicit petitioner's customers. About 300 of Albrecht's 1200 subscribers switched [[~~to ~~direct delivery]] by Herald~~.

	~~Herald Co~~. ~~later turned these customers over~~, ~~without cost, to another carrier (Kroner), who was aware~~ of ~~Herald's purpose and knew that he might have to return~~ the ~~route if Albrecht discontinued his pricing practice~~. ~~Herald Co. told Albrecht that he could have his customers back~~ if ~~he adhered~~ to ~~the suggested price. Albrecht filed a treble-damage complaint which, as later amended~~, ~~charged~~ a ~~combination~~ in ~~restraint of trade in violation of section 1 of the [[Sherman Antitrust Act]], between Herald, Albrecht's customers, Milne,~~ and ~~Kroner~~. ~~Albrecht's appointment as carrier was terminated and Herald sold his route.~~

	~~== Judgment ==~~
	~~The Supreme Court held that Albrecht acted unlawfully by requiring retailers to sell newspapers at a particular price.~~
	~~{{expand section\|date=April 2013}}~~

	~~== Economic background ==~~
	~~A newspaper's profits are determined by its circulation~~ <~~math~~>n<~~/math~~> and ~~the number of advertisements <math>a</math> it sells~~. ~~Like in every circulation industry~~, ~~circulation depends upon the price of a copy~~, as well as the ~~amount of advertising: <math>n = N(P_{n}, a)</math>. Similarly, the demand~~ for ~~advertising space is determined by <math>a = A(P_{a}, n)</math>. In other words:~~ the ~~higher the circulation, the higher the demand for advertising space~~. ~~The profit-maxizing newspaper monopolist therefore sets his copy price as:~~

	~~<math>P_{n} = \frac{C_{n} - \frac{\part A}{\part n}(P_{~~a} - ~~\frac{\part C}{\part a})}{1 - \frac{\delta}{\epsilon_{n}}}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~where <math>C_{n}~~<~~/math~~> is the ~~cost per copy~~, ~~<math>\frac{\part C}{\part a}</math>~~ is ~~the [[marginal cost]]~~ of ~~advertisement, <math>\epsilon_{n} = -\frac{\part N}{\part P_{n}}\frac{P_{n}}{n}</math> is~~ the ~~traditional [[price elasticity of demand]], and <math>\delta = 1 - \frac{\part N}{\part~~ a~~} \frac{\part A}{\part n}</math> captures the feedback effect~~ of ~~lower copy prices inducing more advertising and vice versa. Most important is the term <math>-\frac{\part A}{\part n}(P_{a}~~ - ~~\frac{\part C}{\part a})</math>, which captures the marginal advertising profit from selling additional advertising due~~ to ~~increased circulation.<ref>{{cite journal \|last=Blair \|first=Roger D. \|last2=Romano \|first2=Richard E. \|title=Pricing Decisions~~ of the Newspaper Monopolist \|journal=[[Southern Economic Journal]] \|volume=59 \|issue=4 \|year=1993 \|pages=721–732 \|jstor=1059734 }}</ref> The newspaper monopolist's optimal price is therefore ''lower'' than for traditional monopolists in non-circulation industries.

	~~== See also ==~~
	*''[[Kiefer-Stewart Co. v. Seagram & Sons, Inc.]]'' (1951)
	*''[[Atlantic Richfield Co. v. USA Petroleum Co.]]'' (1990)

	~~== References ==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~== Further reading ==~~
	* {{cite journal \|last=Blair \|first=Roger D. \|last2=Kaserman \|first2=David L. \|year=1981 \|title=The ''Albrecht'' Rule and Consumer Welfare: An Economic Analysis \|journal=[[University of Florida Law Review]] \|volume=33 \|issue=4 \|pages=461–484 }}
	* {{cite journal \|last=Blair \|first=Roger D. \|authorlink= \|last2=Lang \|first2=Gordon L. \|year=1991 \|month= \|title=''Albrecht'' after ''Arco'': Maximum Resale Price Fixing Moves toward the Rule of Reason \|journal=[[Vanderbilt Law Review]] \|volume=44 \|issue= \|pages=1007 \|issn=19429886 \|url= \|accessdate= \|quote= }} <small>Cited by the Supreme Court in ''State Oil Co. v. Khan'' (1997).</small>
	* {{cite journal \|last=Roszkowski \|first=Mark E. \|authorlink= \|coauthors= \|year=1991 \|month= \|title=Vertical Maximum Price Fixing: In Defense of ''Albrecht'' \|journal=Loyola University Chicago Law Journal \|volume=23 \|issue= \|pages=209 \|issn=00247081 \|url= \|accessdate= \|quote= }}

	~~== External links ==~~
	~~{{wikisource\|Albrecht v. Herald Company}}~~
	* [http://~~supreme~~.~~justia.com~~/~~us/390/145/case~~.~~html Full text opinion~~ from ~~Justia~~.~~com]~~

	~~[[Category:United States Supreme Court cases]]~~
	~~[[Category:United States antitrust case law]]~~
	~~[[Category:1968 in United States case law]]~~
	~~[[Category:Overruled United States Supreme Court decisions]]~~
	~~[[Category:Media~~ in St. ~~Louis~~, ~~Missouri]]~~

en>Leszek Jańczuk: added Category:Oxyrhynchus papyri using HotCat

2013-05-08T12:34:13Z

added Category:Oxyrhynchus papyri using HotCat

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en>ZéroBot: r2.7.1) (Robot: Adding es:Papiro 20

2012-02-16T22:49:05Z

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Papyrus 20 - Revision history

en>Trappist the monk: /* Description */Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors; using AWB

en>Leszek Jańczuk: added Category:Oxyrhynchus papyri using HotCat

en>ZéroBot: r2.7.1) (Robot: Adding es:Papiro 20