File:Fra Carnevale - The Ideal City - Walters 37677.jpg

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    Summary

    The Ideal City  wikidata:Q7741335 reasonator:Q7741335
    Artist
    After Giuliano da Sangallo (1445–1516)  wikidata:Q312365
     
    After Giuliano da Sangallo
    Alternative names
    Giuliano Giamberti; Giuliano Da Sangallo; Giuliano da San Gallo; Giuliano di Francesco da Sangallo; Guiliano di Francesco da Sangallo
    Description Italian painter
    Date of birth/death circa 1443
    date QS:P,+1443-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902
    20 October 1516 Edit this at Wikidata
    Location of birth/death Florence Edit this at Wikidata Florence
    Work location
    Authority file
    creator QS:P170,Q4233718,P1877,Q312365
     Edit this at Wikidata
    image of artwork listed in title parameter on this page
    Title
    The Ideal City Edit this at Wikidata
    title QS:P1476,en:"The Ideal City Edit this at Wikidata"
    label QS:Len,"The Ideal City Edit this at Wikidata"
    label QS:Lit,"Città ideale"
    label QS:Lfr,"La Cité idéale"
    label QS:Lde,"Idealstadtansicht"
    label QS:Lnl,"De ideale stad"
    Part of The Ideal City Edit this at Wikidata
    Object type painting Edit this at Wikidata
    Genre cityscape Edit this at Wikidata
    Description
    English: This extraordinary panel exemplifies Renaissance ideals of urban planning, respect for Greco-Roman antiquity, and the mastery of central perspective. The imaginary city square features a Roman arch typically erected as a commemoration of military victory at its center. As a whole, the painting offers a model of the architecture and sculpture that would ideally be commissioned by a virtuous ruler who cares for the welfare of the citizenry. The amphitheater is modeled on the Colosseum in Rome. The octagonal structure to the right, covered with colored stone, suggests the medieval Baptistery in Florence, which in the 15th century was thought to be a reused Roman temple. Together they reflect the importance of security, religion, and recreation in a well-regulated city and the value of Roman ideals in urban design. The private residences at either side are also dignified with classical architectural elements. Classicizing elements also appear in the foreground. Statues, set on columns in the Roman style, represent virtues of a good ruler, including Justice with her sword and scales and Liberality (generosity) with a cornucopia. This view and two related paintings (now in Urbino and Berlin) were apparently commissioned for the palace of Duke Federico da Montefeltro of Urbino. Set into the woodwork at shoulder height or higher, "The Ideal City" would have seemed like a window onto another, better world. The illusion of a space that extends out from our own is achieved using a mathematical perspective system developed in Florence. The space is defined in terms of the viewer's own angle of vision: the receding lines establishing spatial relationships converge at a central point in the city gate visible beneath and beyond the Roman arch.
    Português: Este painel extraordinário exemplifica os ideais renascentistas de planejamento urbano, o respeito pela antiguidade greco-romana e o domínio da perspectiva central. A praça imaginária da cidade apresenta um arco romano tipicamente erguido em comemoração à vitória militar em seu centro. Como um todo, a pintura oferece um modelo da arquitetura e da escultura que idealmente seriam encomendadas por um governante virtuoso que se preocupa com o bem-estar dos cidadãos. O anfiteatro é inspirado no Coliseu de Roma. A estrutura octogonal à direita, revestida com pedra colorida, sugere o Batistério medieval de Florença, que no século XV era considerado um templo romano reutilizado. Juntos, eles refletem a importância da segurança, da religião e da recreação em uma cidade bem regulamentada e o valor dos ideais romanos no design urbano. As residências particulares em ambos os lados também são dignificadas com elementos arquitetônicos clássicos. Elementos classicizantes também aparecem em primeiro plano. Estátuas, dispostas em colunas no estilo romano, representam as virtudes de um bom governante, incluindo a Justiça com sua espada e balança e a Liberalidade (generosidade) com uma cornucópia. Esta vista e duas pinturas relacionadas (agora em Urbino e Berlim) foram aparentemente encomendadas para o palácio do Duque Federico da Montefeltro, de Urbino. Incrustada numa moldura na altura dos ombros ou mais alto, "A Cidade Ideal" teria parecido uma janela para um outro mundo melhorado. A ilusão de um espaço que se estende para fora do nosso é alcançada usando um sistema de perspectiva matemática desenvolvido em Florença. O espaço é definido em termos do próprio ângulo de visão do observador: as linhas recuadas que estabelecem relações espaciais convergem em um ponto de fuga central no portão da cidade, visível abaixo e além do arco romano.
    Date between circa 1480 and circa 1484
    date QS:P571,+1480-00-00T00:00:00Z/8,P1319,+1480-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1484-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1480,Q5727902
    (Renaissance
    era QS:P2348,Q4692
    )
    Medium oil and tempera on panel
    Dimensions
    • Painted height: 77.4 cm (30.4 in); width: 220 cm (86.6 in)
      dimensions QS:P2048,77.4U174728
      dimensions QS:P2049,220U174728
    • Panel height: 80.3 cm (31.6 in); width: 220 cm (86.6 in); depth: 3.2 cm (1.2 in)
      dimensions QS:P2048,80.3U174728
      dimensions QS:P2049,220U174728
      dimensions QS:P5524,3.2U174728
    • with frame: height: 104.1 cm (41 in); width: 243.2 cm (95.7 in); depth: 15.8 cm (6.2 in)
      dimensions QS:P2048,104.14U174728
      dimensions QS:P2049,243.21U174728
      dimensions QS:P5524,15.88U174728
    institution QS:P195,Q210081
    Accession number
    Place of creation Urbino, Italy
    Object history
    • Don Marcello Massarenti Collection, Rome, prior to 1881 [mode of acquisition unknown] [1881 catalogue: no. 177; 1897 catalogue: no. 121, as Pintoricchio]
    • 1902: purchased by Henry Walters, Baltimore
    • 1931: bequeathed to Walters Art Museum by Henry Walters
    Credit line Acquired by Henry Walters with the Massarenti Collection, 1902
    References Federico Zeri (1976) (in English) Italian paintings in the Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore: Walters Art Gallery, no. 96 , pp. 143−151 OCLC: 2463997.
    Source/Photographer Donated by the Walters Art Museum as part of a cooperation project
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