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In [[group theory]], a '''locally cyclic group''' is a group (''G'', *) in which every [[generating set of a group|finitely generated subgroup]] is [[cyclic group|cyclic]].


==Some facts==
*Every cyclic group is locally cyclic, and every locally cyclic group is [[abelian group|abelian]].
*Every finitely-generated locally cyclic group is cyclic.
*Every [[subgroup]] and [[quotient group]] of a locally cyclic group is locally cyclic.
*Every [[homomorphism|Homomorphic]] image of a locally cyclic group is locally cyclic.
*A group is locally cyclic if and only if every pair of elements in the group generates a cyclic group.
*A group is locally cyclic if and only if its [[lattice of subgroups]] is [[distributive lattice|distributive]] {{harv|Ore|1938}}.
*The [[torsion-free rank]] of a locally cyclic group is 0 or 1.


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==Examples of locally cyclic groups that are not cyclic==
*The additive group of [[rational number]]s ('''Q''', +) is locally cyclic – any pair of rational numbers ''a''/''b'' and ''c''/''d'' is contained in the cyclic subgroup generated by 1/''bd''.
*The additive group of the [[dyadic rational number]]s, the rational numbers of the form ''a''/2<sup>''b''</sup>, is also locally cyclic – any pair of dyadic rational numbers ''a''/2<sup>''b''</sup> and ''c''/2<sup>''d''</sup> is contained in the cyclic subgroup generated by 1/2<sup>max(''b'',''d'')</sup>.
*Let ''p'' be any prime, and let μ<sub>''p''<sup></sup></sub> denote the set of all ''p''th-power [[root of unity|roots of unity]] in '''C''', i.e.
 
:<math>\mu_{p^{\infty}} = \left\{ \exp\left(\frac{2\pi im}{p^{k}}\right) : m,k\in\mathbb{Z}\right\}</math>
 
:Then &mu;<sub>''p''<sup>&infin;</sup></sub> is locally cyclic but not cyclic. This is the [[Prüfer group|Prüfer ''p''-group]]. The Prüfer 2-group is closely related to the dyadic rationals (it can be viewed as the dyadic rationals modulo 1).
 
==Examples of abelian groups that are not locally cyclic==
*The additive group of [[real number]]s ('''R''', +) is not locally cyclic—the subgroup generated by 1 and π consists of all numbers of the form ''a'' + ''b''π. This group is [[group isomorphism|isomorphic]] to the [[direct sum of groups|direct sum]] '''Z''' + '''Z''', and this group is not cyclic.
 
==References==
*{{citation
| last = Hall | first = Marshall, Jr. | author-link = Marshall Hall (mathematician)
| contribution = 19.2 Locally Cyclic Groups and Distributive Lattices
| isbn = 978-0-8218-1967-8
| pages = 340–341
| publisher = American Mathematical Society
| title = Theory of Groups
| year = 1999}}.
 
*{{citation
| last = Ore | first = Øystein | author-link = Øystein Ore
| doi = 10.1215/S0012-7094-38-00419-3
| mr = 1546048
| issue = 2
| journal = Duke Mathematical Journal
| pages = 247–269
| title = Structures and group theory. II
| volume = 4
| year = 1938}}.
 
[[Category:Abelian group theory]]

Revision as of 17:58, 25 January 2014

In group theory, a locally cyclic group is a group (G, *) in which every finitely generated subgroup is cyclic.

Some facts

  • Every cyclic group is locally cyclic, and every locally cyclic group is abelian.
  • Every finitely-generated locally cyclic group is cyclic.
  • Every subgroup and quotient group of a locally cyclic group is locally cyclic.
  • Every Homomorphic image of a locally cyclic group is locally cyclic.
  • A group is locally cyclic if and only if every pair of elements in the group generates a cyclic group.
  • A group is locally cyclic if and only if its lattice of subgroups is distributive Template:Harv.
  • The torsion-free rank of a locally cyclic group is 0 or 1.

Examples of locally cyclic groups that are not cyclic

  • The additive group of rational numbers (Q, +) is locally cyclic – any pair of rational numbers a/b and c/d is contained in the cyclic subgroup generated by 1/bd.
  • The additive group of the dyadic rational numbers, the rational numbers of the form a/2b, is also locally cyclic – any pair of dyadic rational numbers a/2b and c/2d is contained in the cyclic subgroup generated by 1/2max(b,d).
  • Let p be any prime, and let μp denote the set of all pth-power roots of unity in C, i.e.
Then μp is locally cyclic but not cyclic. This is the Prüfer p-group. The Prüfer 2-group is closely related to the dyadic rationals (it can be viewed as the dyadic rationals modulo 1).

Examples of abelian groups that are not locally cyclic

  • The additive group of real numbers (R, +) is not locally cyclic—the subgroup generated by 1 and π consists of all numbers of the form a + bπ. This group is isomorphic to the direct sum Z + Z, and this group is not cyclic.

References

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