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In [[artificial intelligence]], '''model-based reasoning''' refers to an [[inference]] method used in [[expert systems]] based on a [[model (abstract)|model]] of the physical world.  With this approach, the main focus of application development is developing the model.  Then at run time, an "engine" combines this model knowledge with observed data to derive conclusions such as a diagnosis or a prediction.
This is a preview for the new '''MathML rendering mode''' (with SVG fallback), which is availble in production for registered users.


== Knowledge representation ==
If you would like use the '''MathML''' rendering mode, you need a wikipedia user account that can be registered here [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:UserLogin/signup]]
* Only registered users will be able to execute this rendering mode.
* Note: you need not enter a email address (nor any other private information). Please do not use a password that you use elsewhere.


In a model-based reasoning system [[knowledge]] can be [[knowledge representation|represented]] using '''[[causal rules]]'''. For example, in a [[medical diagnosis system]] the [[knowledge base]] may contain the following rule:
Registered users will be able to choose between the following three rendering modes:  
: <math>\forall</math> patients : Stroke(patient) <math>\rightarrow</math> Confused(patient) <math>\land</math> Unequal(Pupils(patient))
In contrast in a [[diagnostic reasoning]] system knowledge would be represented through [[diagnostic rules]] such as:
: <math>\forall</math> patients : Confused(patient) <math>\rightarrow</math> Stroke(patient)
: <math>\forall</math> patients : Unequal(Pupils(patient)) <math>\rightarrow</math> Stroke(patient)


There are many other forms of models that may be used.  Models might be quantitative (for instance, based on mathematical equations) or qualitative (for instance, based on cause/effect models.)  They may include representation of uncertainty.  They might represent behavior over time.  They might represent "normal" behavior, or might only represent abnormal behavior, as in the case  of the examples above. Model types and usage for model-based reasoning are discussed in.<ref>[http://gregstanleyandassociates.com/whitepapers/FaultDiagnosis/Model-Based-Reasoning/model-based-reasoning.htm Model Based Reasoning for Fault Detection and Diagnosis]</ref>
'''MathML'''
:<math forcemathmode="mathml">E=mc^2</math>


== See also ==
<!--'''PNG'''  (currently default in production)
* [[Diagnosis (Artificial intelligence)|Diagnosis]]
:<math forcemathmode="png">E=mc^2</math>


== References ==
'''source'''
{{reflist}}
:<math forcemathmode="source">E=mc^2</math> -->
* {{Russell Norvig 2003|pages=260}}


== External links ==
<span style="color: red">Follow this [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering link] to change your Math rendering settings.</span> You can also add a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering-skin Custom CSS] to force the MathML/SVG rendering or select different font families. See [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Math#CSS_for_the_MathML_with_SVG_fallback_mode these examples].
* [http://www.cs.uu.nl/docs/vakken/mbr Model-based reasoning at Utrecht University]
* [http://ti.arc.nasa.gov/ NASA Intelligent Systems Division]


[[Category:Artificial intelligence]]
==Demos==
[[Category:Decision theory]]
[[Category:Reasoning]]


Here are some [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ListFiles/Frederic.wang demos]:


{{compu-AI-stub}}
 
* accessibility:
** Safari + VoiceOver: [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VoiceOver-Mac-Safari.ogv video only], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-1.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-1]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-2.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-2]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-3.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-3]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-4.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-4]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-5.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-5]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-6.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-6]], [[File:Voiceover-mathml-example-7.wav|thumb|Voiceover-mathml-example-7]]
** [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MathPlayer-Audio-Windows7-InternetExplorer.ogg Internet Explorer + MathPlayer (audio)]
** [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MathPlayer-SynchronizedHighlighting-WIndows7-InternetExplorer.png Internet Explorer + MathPlayer (synchronized highlighting)]
** [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MathPlayer-Braille-Windows7-InternetExplorer.png Internet Explorer + MathPlayer (braille)]
** NVDA+MathPlayer: [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-1.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-1]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-2.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-2]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-3.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-3]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-4.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-4]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-5.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-5]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-6.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-6]], [[File:Nvda-mathml-example-7.wav|thumb|Nvda-mathml-example-7]].
** Orca: There is ongoing work, but no support at all at the moment [[File:Orca-mathml-example-1.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-1]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-2.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-2]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-3.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-3]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-4.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-4]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-5.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-5]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-6.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-6]], [[File:Orca-mathml-example-7.wav|thumb|Orca-mathml-example-7]].
** From our testing, ChromeVox and JAWS are not able to read the formulas generated by the MathML mode.
 
==Test pages ==
 
To test the '''MathML''', '''PNG''', and '''source''' rendering modes, please go to one of the following test pages:
*[[Displaystyle]]
*[[MathAxisAlignment]]
*[[Styling]]
*[[Linebreaking]]
*[[Unique Ids]]
*[[Help:Formula]]
 
*[[Inputtypes|Inputtypes (private Wikis only)]]
*[[Url2Image|Url2Image (private Wikis only)]]
==Bug reporting==
If you find any bugs, please report them at [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=MediaWiki%20extensions&component=Math&version=master&short_desc=Math-preview%20rendering%20problem Bugzilla], or write an email to math_bugs (at) ckurs (dot) de .

Latest revision as of 23:52, 15 September 2019

This is a preview for the new MathML rendering mode (with SVG fallback), which is availble in production for registered users.

If you would like use the MathML rendering mode, you need a wikipedia user account that can be registered here [[1]]

  • Only registered users will be able to execute this rendering mode.
  • Note: you need not enter a email address (nor any other private information). Please do not use a password that you use elsewhere.

Registered users will be able to choose between the following three rendering modes:

MathML


Follow this link to change your Math rendering settings. You can also add a Custom CSS to force the MathML/SVG rendering or select different font families. See these examples.

Demos

Here are some demos:


Test pages

To test the MathML, PNG, and source rendering modes, please go to one of the following test pages:

Bug reporting

If you find any bugs, please report them at Bugzilla, or write an email to math_bugs (at) ckurs (dot) de .

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